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-Magma is molten rock under the surface
-Lava is magma which has breached the surface
-Igneous rocks are rocks that have solidified from lava and magma
-Metamorphic rocks have undergone transformation by extreme heat and pressure or other natural agencies
-Sedimentary rocks are rocks that have formed from sediemnts deposited by wind, water, ice and gravity and turned into metamorphic rocks through compaction and cementation
-Deposition is the process in which sediments, soil and rocks are added to land forms or land masses.
-Lithification is the process in which sediments, compact under pressure, excel connate fluids and gragually become solid rock
-Weathering is the process of rocks being broken downinto small grains and soil
-Crystallization is when solid rock is melted and when it cools again new crystals form
-Erosion is the process by which soil and rock particles are worn away and moved
-Biological weathering is the disintegration of rocks as the result of the action of living organisms
-Chemical weathering is what happens when rocks are broken down and chemically altered
-Compaction and cementation is the process that occurs whilst sediments are turned into solid rock
-The structure of the earth consists from inside out inner core, outer core, mantle and crust
Minerals-
-Naturally occuring liquid or solid in Earth's crust *excluding oil, coal and natural gas
-Some are pure substances (gold, silver)
-Some are chemical compounds(iron oxide or Haematite)
Ores-
rocks in which minerals are found in

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Sedimentary - metamorphic:
Sandstone - Quartz
Limestone - marble
shale - slate

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-    Man Made diamonds are metamorphic
-    Naturally occurring diamonds are Igneous
-    Layers of Earth. Inner Core, Outer Core, Mantle, Crust

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Igneous rocks have gas pockets

Intrusive igneous rocks are formed through cooled magma below the ground.

Extrusive igneous rocks are formed when lava cools above ground

The longer it takes for an igneous rock to form, the larger the crystals in it grow. This results in the crystals interlocking, thus making the rock stronger.

Extrusive igneous rocks

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Types of metamorphism:
Dynamic, Regional, Contact

- Dynamic: A type of metamorphism where rocks are cryshed, scraped or grinded due to extreme pressure.

- Regional: A type of metamorphism where rocks are subjected to extreme heat and pressure.

-Contact: A type of metamorphism where rocks are changed by the heat of magma

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diamonds are contact metamorphic rocks
deposition is when sediments settle in one area

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-The lithosphere is a group of layers (not a singular layer) It is the uppermost, rigid layers of earth (the crust and uppermost mantle) It is above the asthenosphere.

-Diamond are a metamorphic rock

-Compaction and cementation is also known as lithification

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- slate, schist, gneiss are foliated metamorphic rocks
- marble, quartzite are non-foliated metamorphic rocks
- conglomerate, mudstone, breccia, sandstone are clastic sedimentary rocks
- halite, gypsum, limestone are chemical sedimentary rocks

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Weathering, transportation, deposition, cementation = The process of sedimentary rocks forming

Extrusive rocks have smaller crystals because the cooling rate is quicker than intrusive rock, meaning that it does not have enough time to form large crystals that intrusive rocks such as granite can form

Metamorphic rocks take longer to form than sedimentary rocks due to the varying heat and pressure throughout the world, whilst cementation can happen anywhere at any time

There are 3 types of metamorphism: Regional, Contact and Dynamic. Contact metamorphism requires only heat, Regional requires

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- balalala
- Three types of rock: metamorphic, igneous and sedimentary
- yeah just the basics
- there are two types of igneous rocks, intrusive and extrusive
- intrusive igneous rocks are formed from magma (molten rock underneath the surface of the earth) cooling into a solid
- extrusive igneous rocks are formed from lava ( magma that has risen above the surface of the earth) that has cooled

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1. Types of Metamorphism
Dynamic = smaller area affected by mainly pressure

Contact = Smaller affected by mainly heat

Regional = larger area affected by heat and pressure

2. Difference between weathering and erosion.
Erosion = the carrying away of broken material
Weathering = the breaking down of rocks.

3. The three types of sedimentary rock, clastic, chemical and organic

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The uppermost portion of the mantle is known as the asthenosphere.

Stratas are the evident layers that form sedimentary rocks

Sedimentary rocks take the longest time to form.

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- felsic rocks are rocks that have a lighter colour
- matic rocks are rocks that have darker colour
- the colour of rocks

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Contact Metamorphism- Alters rock by heat and occurs over small geographical areas

Dynamic Metamorphism- Alters rock by pressure and occurs over small geographical areas

Regional Metamorphism- Alters rock by both pressure an heat and occurs over large geographical areas

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-  Regional, Contact and Dynamic Metamorphism
- How Igneous rocks get their colour from minerals
- Types of Igneous, Sedimentary and Metamorphic rocks

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1. Contact metamorphism-  This is a type of rock which is exposed to extreme heat for example an intrusion of magma forces its way through the layers of rock.  The edges of the magma are what become metamorphic rock.  This is contact metamorphism

2. Weathering is the breaking away of rocks and Erosion is the carrying away.

3. Sedimentary rocks are formed through compaction and cementation.

4. Diamond are metamorphic rocks

5. Rocks with a lighter colour are felsic rocks and matic rocks are one with a darker colour

6. Regional Metamorphism - Metamorphism affecting rocks over an extensive a result of the large-scale action of heat and pressure.

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- Three types of rocks: Igneous, Sedimentary and metamorphic
-  Metamorphism is when temperature and pressure changes
- Diamonds are metamorphic rocks
- Three types of sedimentary rock: Clastic, chemical, organic
- Weathering: The breaking down of particles
- Erosion: The carrying away of particles
- Two types of lustre : metallic and non-metallic
- Cleavage: The lines made when rock is broken
-  Magma: molten rock found beneath the earth
- Lava: molten rock found above ground

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1. The rock cycle never dies
2. Diamonds are metamorphic rocks
3. Deposition is when materials are being 'deposited' into a new common location
4. Foliation is the process when minerals are compacted and cemented into layers
5. The layers of the Earth from outside in are Crust, Mantle, Outer Core and Inner Core
6. Physical Weathering is when a material is being broken down from a non-chemical reaction
7. Chemical Weathering is when a material is broken down due to a chemical reaction
8. Erosion is when the broken down material (sediments) are carried away from the source of weathering
9. Extrusive Igneous rocks are formed by the cooling of lava
10. Intrusive Igneous rocks are formed by the cooling of magma
11. Metamorphic rocks are formed by heat and pressure
12. Cleavage is how many lines are made when a rock is broken
13. Lustre is how shiny a mineral is
14. Types of sedimentary rocks: Clastic, chemical and biogenic (organic)

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There are two types of lustre:
- metallic: looks like polished metal.
- nonmetallic: does not look like polished metal. They can be shiny or dull.

Physical weathering is caused by:
- water and ice
- crystallisation of salts
- wind
Diamonds are metamorphic rocks

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1. Most rocks are formed by process that involve heat and pressure. Magma is very hot molten rock. As magma cools, mineral crystals form. Therefore many mineral crystals are formed in igneous rocks. The heat from the magma can melt existing rocks, and forces within the earth's crust can deform the. Both these processes can form new mineral crystals which can only be found in metamorphic rocks. Many sedimentary rocks with crystals form when a solutions containing compounds rich in minerals flow through the rock and the minerals crystallise slowly as the water evaporates.
2. Metamorphic rocks form when high temperature and pressure alter existing rocks. This may cause physical changes, folding the rocks and sliding different parts of the roock ina process called shearing. Heat and pressure can also cause chemical changes such as recrystallisation. As rock get buried deeper, the temperature and pressure increases. Heat and pressure can also increase by movement within Earth's crust. Th ecrust is broken into massive plates called tectonic plates. Metamorphism occurs across a range of temperature and pressure that result in a variety of rocks with different features.

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1. Sedimentary rocks take longer to form than metamorphic rocks. This is because metamorphic rocks only involve molten rock cooling to form rocks, possible taking a couple of years to form, whereas sedimentary rocks involve layers of death organisms, soil, etc. taking many years to compact.
2. Diamonds are metamorphic rocks.
3. Metamorphic rocks are made from heat and pressure and are divided into 3 categories: Dynamic, Regional and Contact
Contact: Formed through heat
Regional: Formed by heat and pressure
Dynamic: Formed through pressure

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1. Metamorphism occurs when temperature and pressure changes.
2. Diamonds are Metamorphic rocks
3. There are 3 types of weathering, physical (water), chemical (reaction with o) and biological.

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1. Porous rocks occur when grains within a rock do not interlock, allowing the rock to absorb water and crumble more easily. Non-porous rocks occur when the grains do interlock, making it harder for the structure to absorb water and stronger.
2.

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Metamorphic rocks needs a parent rock to form
A native metal is a metal that is found as a pure element
Mafic Rocks are Dark
Felsic rocks are Light

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1)Diamonds are formed from carbon- containing minerals that are heated at a high temperature and pressure at depths of 140 km into eaths mantlw, and the growth occurs over a period of 1 billion years (metamorphic rock)
2)Difference between erosion and weathering: EROSION- the removal of weathered rock particles away from the site of the weathering
WEATHERING- The physical and chemiocal processes that break rocks down into smaller pieces.
3) foliation: process where minerals under pressure become squashed flat and the rock devbelops layers or bands.