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Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Analysis

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Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Analysis

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PCR analysis is a technique that allows technicians to create precise DNA replications from a single sample of DNA. It is a simple method and most commonly used as it generates millions of copies of the DNA. PCR are done at high temperature to allow the two strands are separated using a type of enzyme at 95˚C. After being cooled down nucleotides are added using primers and along with DNA polymerase, two create two copies of the original DNA. The cycle is repeated 20-30 times to create many samples.

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It is the  analysis of a small amount of genetic material from a  blood sample or a cellular sample such as hair for the identification of a person. Only a small sample of cells is needed for DNA fingerprinting. A drop of blood or the root of a hair and semen contains enough DNA for testing. Skin scrapings are often used in criminal investigation

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Geneticists Alec Jeffery developed the technique, DNA fingerprinting in 1985, in Leicester University. Modern-day profiling are used to identify individuals to see if there is a match between the DNA samples given. It is commonly used for solving crimes but also in paternity testing.

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STR examine individual areas in DNA. It finds the differences from the collective areas of one person to another can allow for distinguishing between individuals. In criminal investigations, there are thirteen regions that are analysed and compared to establish profiles. DNA databases used at the government level involve the sequence of these thirteen regions

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There may only be a few drops of blood or a single hair left at the scene of a crime, but this is enough to get a DNA profile. Forensic scientists can compare the profile of a blood sample with that of a suspect or the victim, to look for a match. Forsenic scitentics look at the common alleles and also the DNA bands of the sample and suspects. If two DNA profiles match there is only a one-in-a-billion chance that they are from two different people

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The basic building block of nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA. It is an organic compound made up of nitrogenous base, a sugar, and a phosphate group.

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A type of enzyme that is responsible for forming new copies of DNA, in the form of nucleic acid molecules

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Murnaghan, Ian. "Basics of DNA Forensics Techniques." Basics of DNA Forensics Techniques. ExpolreDNA, 15 Dec. 2016. Web. 15 Sept. 2017.

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"Can DNA Demand a Verdict?" Learn.Genetics. University of Utah, n.d. Web. 15 Sept. 2017.

Lui, Clarissa, Nathaniel C. Cady, and Carl A. Batt. "Nucleic Acid-Based Detection of Bacterial Pathogens Using Integrated Microfluidic Platform Systems." ResearchGate. N.p., May 2009. Web. 15 Sept. 2017.

Cornell, Brent. "DNA Profling." DNA Profiling | BioNinja. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Sept. 2017.

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Answer: Suspect 2

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Answer: Suspect 2