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Conflict arose in Italy when there seemed to be political chaos. Mussolini was appointed prime minister after organizing a violent march to bring down the government. He wished to improve Italy by increasing the size of their military to defend themselves and support their allies. He maintained power by dismissing democratic institutions and soon enough it became a one-party dictatorship. They were no laws enforced at the time that limited individuals from becoming too powerful. Just like Mussolini, Hitler convinced Germany that he would stop the suffering due to the aftermath of WWI. Germany was at its weakest state giving  Hitler the opportunity to eliminate all sources of opposition. Both these leaders were totalitarians which limited the rights of the people. Unfortunately, they were no laws that prevented the rise of dictatorships and no one could dismiss them. Mussolini and Hitler were able to take advantage of the weak state these countries were in after WWI. All countries should follow the same laws because it is only fair we protect everyone's rights regardless of the country they are in. No leader should have the maximum power to control both private and public life. In a situation where the leader becomes too controlling over their people, they should be removed in order to maintain equal rights worldwide.

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The First World War lasted four years and it wasn't long before WWII began. War periods affect countries negatively because there is money needed for the maintenance of soldiers and weapons. When a country has run out money and is in need during a war they ask for loans from other countries. Unfortunately after WWI, the stock market crashed in the U.S. affecting nations worldwide. America was the top financer post-war explaining why those indebted with the U.S. became economically weakened. Some of these countries included Germany and France owing approximately 33 billion dollars. Austria and Hungary also needed to get a loan from the U.S.because WWI had lasted so long they needed to make reparations. If it wasn't for WWI lasting for such a long time then countries around the world would have not needed to ask for loans. This would have prevented the global phenomenon of the great depression. Laws are needed in a chaotic situation like war because people aren't worried about the after-effects but winning. Laws limiting the number of loans offered or requested can prevent countries from relying on one individual nation. Ongoing wars are expensive prooving that international rules are necessary when dealing with war because it will prevent the domino effect of economic failure.

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The rape of Nanjing (Massacre of Nanjing) began when Japanese troops invaded the city burning down homes and those who attempted to flee were bayonetted or shot. They were in search of Chinese soldiers to be killed or taught bayonet practice. Then progressed to the search of women raping around 20,000. If male family members tried to intervene they would be killed or captured. So many people were murdered it became a challenge to figure out the total amount of people killed by this atrocity because bodies were burned or in mass graves. There was also a unit created called Unit 731 which aimed to research and develop biological weapons. Using war prisoners as guinea pigs to be used for experiments. Some of these inhumane experiments included infecting them with plague-infested fleas. Then they would be dissected consciously to study the after-effects of diseases. Moments before Japans surrender all evidence was burned and remaining prisoners were shot. Both these atrocities after WWII caused mass killings and were never stopped. It is evident that rules must be implied when dealing with war and conflict because if no restrictions are applied then we fail to protect the life of innocents. The Japanese were responsible for killing multiple and were never held accountable for causing such damage. Laws made could have protected civilians from the Japanese and saved many lives.

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Lowers the risk of  an individual becoming too powerful.

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Putting an end to the mass killings of innocents.

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Prevention of negative impacts due to ongoing wars.

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Countries should all follow one set of international rules because giving them unlimited power has lead to many atrocities in the past. Having a set of rules to follow when a country runs into conflict and war will prevent ongoing wars, mass killings, and the creation of dictators.