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Holocaust - [greek: holokaustos which means: "burned completely"]
Genocide - [murder of a whole race/group]

The Holocaust was a genocide during WW2 in which Nazi Germany murdered 6 Million people, mostly Jews.

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Preparing for murder // Deportation and Ghettos

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Preparing for murder // Deportation and Ghettos

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1941: Jews began to receive deportation notes. They had to leave their houses and pack the last few belongings they still owned. Then they were put on trains without knowing where these were going to.

They were resettled in ghettos, which were secured and fenced. The living conditions were horrible: overcrowded, constant shortage of food and many of the prisoners died of starvation or disease.

The number of the ghettos increased rapidly and so did the number of jews which were sent to them.

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Most people were very willing to get rid of the Jews because before Hitler, they were making the money.

Not only were they making money, they killed Jesus Christ etc... In addition to these ideas, there was already anti-semitism in Europe. In France, there were trials called the Dreyfus Affairs which falsely accused a Jew of treason. So many people believed that the Jew was guilty and there was a lot of propaganda showing Jews poorly around europe.

It brought out the true anti-semitism in everyone. When he was finally found innocent - it was a surprise.

Because of all this, Hitler was able to kill Jews. He hated them because the mass hated them. He hated them because he needed someone to blame.

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At some point the ghettos were full. Hitler, who was looking for a "final solution" of the Jewish question, decided that they were to be killed.

The Jews became victims of genocide wherever the German army advanced.

Large camps, known as concentration camps, were only built to kill jewish people.

1943: Ghettos were dissolved. Jews were directly send to extermination camps.

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Auschwitz, also known as Auschwitz-Birkenau, opened in 1940 and was the largest of the Nazi concentration and death camps. Located in southern Poland, Auschwitz initially served as a detention center for political prisoners.
However, it evolved into a network of camps where Jewish people and other enemies of the Nazi state were exterminated, often in gas chambers, or used as slaves.

Some prisoners were also subjected to barbaric medical experiments led by Josef Mengele  (1939-45).

More than 1 million people, by some accounts, lost their lives in Auschwitz.

In January 1945, with the Soviet army approaching, Nazi officials ordered the camp abandoned and sent an estimated amount of about 60,000 prisoners on a forced march to other locations. When the Soviets entered Auschwitz, they found scared, abandoned prisoners and piles of corpses left behind.

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The turning point of the war(1942/43) gave the concentration camps a new function. Instead of letting prisoners work senselessly in for example quarries, they now worked in the armament industry.

Prisoners built planes and rockets in workshops and factories underground. This led to sub-camps, which were just like small concentration camps.

Uniformed prisoners started to work side-by-side with civilian employees in their factories. Some of the prisoners even had to clean up the rubble caused by air raids. The demand for forced labour was high and people could easily be replaced, so the living conditions just got worse. The death rate among untrained workers was immense.

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The mass of ordinary Germans did know about the evolving terror of Hitler's Holocaust.

They knew concentration camps were full of Jewish people who were seen as sub-human. They knew that the Jews, like other groups and minorities, were being killed out of hand.

They knew that Adolf Hitler had repeatedly forecast the extermination of every Jew on German soil. They knew these details because they had read about them.