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The Civil Rights Act of 1964, signed by President Lyndon Johnson on July 2, 1964, prohibited discrimination in public places, provided integration of schools and other public facilities, and made employment discrimination illegal. The document was the most extensive civil rights legislation since Reconstruction.

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The online tool for teaching with documents, from the National Archives

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After Thurgood Marshall and the NAACP took Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas to the supreme court, the Court ruled that segregation violated the Constitution’s guarantee of equal protection under the law. In Little Rock, AK the governor ordered the National Guard to keep African American students out. Eisenhower had to sent federal troops to the end the crisis. The students (Little Rock Nine) put up with much abuse.

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Martin Luther Jr. was arrested on April 12, 1963, for breaking an unjust law against political demonstrations. He was held 24 hours without being allowed his constitutional right to contact a lawyer. MLK wrote "The Letter from Birmingham City Jail" after being allowed to contact the outside world, as a response to a newspaper publicly denouncing the demonstrations and calling them "unwise". This letter argues that MLK and his fellow demonstrators have a duty to fight for justice. MLK then encouraged individuals to disobey unjust laws, saying it was their moral duty.

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Carmichael rejected the beliefs of non-violence by MLK in 1966. He then created "Black Power", a new revolution using violence and calling out for people to use violence as well.

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Stokely Carmichael - Black Power Speech 1966 (57).avi

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Emmett Till and his friends traveled to the deeply segregated town in Money, in the heart of Mississippi on August 24, 1955. Several days later after the accusations of Till flirting with a white woman, he was kidnapped from his uncle's home. Three days later Till's severely beaten and shot body was found in the Tallahatchie River. Till's mother brought his known murders to trial, but unfortunately, they were found not guilty, most likely because these men were white and Emmett Till was black.

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On December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to move from her seat in the "colored section" since the front of the bus was filled. This movement allowed for other bus boycotts to take way, which led to the end of the U.S Supreme Court law of segregated buses.

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Martin Luther King Jr. presented his "I Have A Dream" Speech during the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom on August 28, 1963.

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Martin Luther King, Jr. I Have A Dream Speech