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Teaching Reading to ELL Students

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Enid Martinez - Teaching English Language Learners

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1. Pre-Production: This is known as the "silent period." Students in this stage are not speaking English, but are listening to others speak English. New learners will listen attentively and don't produce language but may "parrot" what you say.
2. Early Production: Students can usually speak in 1 or 2 word phrases. Using pictures is a good accommodation in this stage. To help learners in this stage you can ask questions with simple, 1-2 word responses or yes or no answers. This stage may last up to six months. Students may memorize phrases but not always use them correctly. Another accommodation is using listening activities .
3. Speech Emergence: Simple sentences and short phrases are being used by students in this stage. Using a dialogue journal is a useful tool for students at this stage. Students can also participate in pair or choral reading and use graphic organizers at this stage.
4. Intermediate Fluency: At this stage students are reading to share their feeling and thoughts. Students should have developed 6000 active words. They are speaking in more advanced sentences and phrases. They will develop how to ask questions to clarify their learning and synthesize information they have learned. ELL students will still be struggling with correct grammar when writing at this stage.
5. Advanced Fluency: It can take 4-10 years to become proficient in a second language academically. If an ELL student reaches this stage they most likely were exited form their ELL program.

Haynes, Judie. “Stages of Second Language Acquisition.” EverythingESL: The K-12 ESL Resource from Judie Haynes, www.everythingesl.net/inservices/language_stages.php.

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Best Practices for teaching students who are ELL:

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Best Practices for teaching students who are ELL:

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1. Extend literacy blocks- 2.5 hours of differentiation, repetition, and engaging activities.
2. Academic interventions
3. Continual support
4. Collaboration with other teachers.

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1. Through visuals- directions/procedures written on the board. Modeling strategies out. Any non linguistic representation.
2.  Build in group work- Allows a chance for students to engage in more entertaining task with a smaller group of people. It also allows students to speak in a more personal tone.
3. Allow scaffolding in their native language- This is especially important when students are brand new to a language and are not yet confident in their ability to speak English. Allow students to slowly transition out of their old language first, before raising the bar to meet the English language.
4. Look for culturally unique vocabulary-especially if this is a word that will not translate to their language.
5. Pre-teach the ESL student- If possible give assignments to them early to give them extra time to be prepared for in class discussions and to get familiar with the material.
6. Learn about their culture.
7.

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Strategies for Supporting ELLs in The Classroom

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Strategies for Supporting ELLs in The Classroom

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1. Making the classroom a language-rich environment - ensure your ELL students have exposure to various resources like word walls and posters.
2. Know the relationship between a student's language and English - By knowing how their first language is different and similar to English will help you to influence their learning of English.
3. Don't dumb down English -  Simplify your language and know that some ELLs do not have the same background knowledge as their English speaking peers.
4. Teach academic language - Social language and academic language are different so make sure to. support the development of their academic language.
5. Support spelling and grammar usage - Giving ELLs a basic knowledge of patterns, rules, and spelling will help them to increase their English vocabulary.
6. Teach code-switching - ELLs often do not know there are "good" and "bad" forms of English to use in certain settings. Teaching them which form is appropriate in school help your students.

Robertson, K. (2009). Supporting ELLs in the Mainstream Classroom: Language Tips. Color in Colorado.

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TEACHING STRATEGY: Sentence Frames for ELL Students

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TEACHING STRATEGY: Sentence Frames for ELL Students

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Graphic Organizer for ELL students

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-When studying, students should say things out loud and write them down
-Students create their own examples
-Students create mental images and use graphic organizers
-Show students how to select the most important information FOCUS ON THE MAIN IDEAS
-Set goals for studying
-Teach students to categorize and group topics together
-teach students to identify key words
-Use lists and teach students to recognize how many items are on the list

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Graphic Organizer for ELL students