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United States Supreme Court case dealing with freedom of speech and freedom of assembly. This case is considered a "'classic' free speech case" in Constitutional law classes.

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Is a communication that might hurt the reputation of someone else. The purpose of the area of law is to protect people from having their lives and livelihoods ruined or significantly altered because of untrue statements against them.

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Harm done to a person's reputation.

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Gave citizenship to all naturally born Americans.

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Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.

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This amendment codifies the right to a jury trial in certain civil cases and inhibits courts from overturning a jury's findings of fact.

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Seditious speech is speech directed at the overthrow of government. It includes speech attacking basic institutions of government, including particular governmental leaders.

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Supplies the rights related to criminal prosecution.

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Was a landmark United States Supreme Court case concerning the constitutionality of Executive Order 9066, which ordered Japanese Americans into internment camps during World War II regardless of their citizenship.

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Outlines the rights of criminals to self incrimination.

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Racial segregation, especially in public schools, that happens “by fact” rather than by legal requirement.

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Prohibits unruly search and seizure.

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Establishes the right to bear arms and that it shall not be infringed upon.

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Establishes the right to freedom of Religion, Press, Speech, the right to gather in peaceful protest and to petition for redress.

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Was a supreme court case decision that violated the establishment clause of the first amendment.

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Prior restraint is censorship imposed, usually by a government or institution, on expression, that prohibits particular instances of expression.

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The Free Exercise Clause accompanies the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution.

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Rational basis review is the normal standard of review that courts apply when considering constitutional questions, including due process or equal protection questions under the Fifth Amendment or Fourteenth Amendment.

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Is a landmark case in United States Supreme Court history. In it, the Supreme Court unanimously ruled that states are required under the Sixth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution to provide an attorney to defendants in criminal cases who are unable to afford their own attorneys.

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Was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court issued in 1896. It upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation laws for public facilities as long as the segregated facilities were equal in quality – a doctrine that came to be known as "separate but equal".

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Dred Scott was an enslaved African American man in the United States who unsuccessfully sued for his freedom and that of his wife and their two daughters in the Dred Scott v. Sandford case of 1857, popularly known as the "Dred Scott case".

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Is a landmark decision issued in 1973 by the United States Supreme Court on the issue of the constitutionality of laws that criminalized or restricted access to abortions.

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The Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a landmark civil rights and U.S. labor law in the United States that outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.

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Jim Crow laws were state and local laws that enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States. All were enacted in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

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The policy of promoting the education and employment of members of groups that are known to have previously suffered from discrimination.

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Southern state legislatures employed literacy tests as part of the voter registration process starting in the late 19th century.

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Supreme Court decided that evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment, which protects against "unreasonable searches and seizures," may not be used in state law criminal prosecutions in state courts.

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The clause, which took effect in 1868, provides "nor shall any State deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws"

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Requires that people who are being detained be informed of their constitutional rights to a lawyer and self incrimination.

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Ruled that racial separation of schools was unconstitutional.

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Established a separation of Church ans State.

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Incorporation, in United States law, is the doctrine by which portions of the Bill of Rights have been made applicable to the states.

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Symbolic speech is a legal term in United States law used to describe actions that purposefully and discernibly convey a particular message or statement to those viewing it.

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Landmark decision by the Supreme Court of the United States. It upheld affirmative action, allowing race to be one of several factors in college admission policy.

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Reasonable grounds for making a search, pressing a charge, etc.

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The legal separation of groups in society.

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A suspect classification is any classification of groups meeting a series of criteria suggesting they are likely the subject of discrimination.

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Is known as Symbolic Speech, involves the communication of ideas through the combination of language and action—such as the burning of a draft card while stating opposition to the military.

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Stated in the 15th amendment that no person can be trialed for the same crime twice.

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Due process is the legal requirement that the state must respect all legal rights that are owed to a person. Due process balances the power of law of the land and protects the individual person from it.

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The clause in the First Amendment of the US Constitution that prohibits the establishment of religion by Congress.

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In the United States, the exclusionary rule is a legal rule, based on constitutional law, that prevents evidence collected or analyzed in violation of the defendant's constitutional rights from being used in a court of law.