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- When Jonas next saw the Giver he saw he was in pain, loads of pain.

-Jonas takes off his tunic and lays on the bed and asks him to pass the memory on to him. So he did.

-Once Jonas was re-living the dream he was looking into brown and yellow cloud of smoke. It had smelled foul. Far in the distance there was a field where groaning men had been laying.

-Jonas then heard a voice from beside him it was a young boy with blonde hair about his age who was asking for water. He was covered in fresh blood.

-Jonas felt excruciating pain coming from his arm, when he looked down he saw blood and flesh as he had an exposed cut.

- From a distance Jonas then heard launching cannons.

-Once he started to feel too much pain he opened his eyes to find him lying on the bed. The first thing the Giver had said was I am sorry as he may have traumatized him.

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- Jonas asked the Giver about the previous receiver. The Giver says her name was Rosemary. He gave her many pleasant and happy memories and laughed a lot and she was very happy. But once she experienced pain, everything changed and she wasn't laughing anymore nor was happy.

- She kissed the Giver goodbye one day and asked for a release, which the community had to expect. She also did not have the rules of not being able to apply for release like Jonas did.

- The Giver was very upset when she was gone because he loved her.

-  When she was released, her memories were also released back into the community. The community didn't know how to deal with all those memories and the Giver was too upset to help them.

- If something were to happen to Jonas the Giver wouldn't know what to do but he would have to help the community with all the painful memories.

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- The community was given a random holiday that day and everyone got the day off from work and or school.

- Jonas hasn't been taking his pills for 4 weeks now and he has begun having stirrings again and has had many dreams. He also can see all colours consistently now.

-Later when Jonas goes to see his friends he finds them playing a game of "war". Jonas didn't like them playing it because it had reminded him of the horrible memory he had about war and the young boy with the blond hair.

- Gabe is now able to walk around and talk a bit.

-Jonas's Father was later talking about how there were twins being born tomorrow and the smaller one would be released and gone to Elsewhere because the would be keeping the larger and healthier one here in the community.

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-The Giver has been giving Jonas more more uplifting, happy and calm memories since  and the war memory was quite frightful.

- Jonas asks the Giver what his most favorite memory is, the Giver tells Jonas he will show him it now.

- The Giver then transmits the memory of a group of people, very young and very old, opening presents under a tree covered in lights.

- The Giver tells Jonas this is  the memory of family and love.

- Jonas asks who the two old people were, and the Giver tells him they are called grandparents. (Jonas has never heard of Grandparents. )

- In their community there are no grandparents, when the parents children grow and up and have children, they are sent to the childless adults.

- At home that night, Jonas asks his parents if they love him. They laugh at the question and say he shouldn't use that word.  They tell him that they take pride in his accomplishments and enjoy having him around, but they cannot say they love him.

-  Jonas then gives Gabe another happy memory to help him sleep and tells the sleeping new child that he wishes he could change the community to make it have colors, grandparents, and love. The next morning, Jonas decides to stop taking his pill for the Stirrings and feels the need to throw them away.

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1. What causes the Giver pain? as he has so much build up Jonas is trying to take a load off his shoulders.
Answer: The Giver was in pain due to the build up of painful and awful memory's. In this case war.

2. Why does the Giver feel the need to apologize after transmitting the memory?
Answer: The reason is because last time he scared off Rosemary by scaring her to soon. In this case he thought he was doing the same to Jonas.

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- As the days and weeks go by, Jonas learns all the colors, but still sees only glimpses of them in his real life.

- Jonas is angry that the world is devoid of color; it's not fair, he says.

- One day he tries to make Asher see the red peddles on the tulips but Asher couldn't not see them. So this indicates only Jonas can see that there's colour unlike asher.

- Jonas was then given the memory about an elephant, he then goes home and tires to tell Lily that her comfort animal used to be real but unfortunately Lily doesn't believe him.

- later Jonas asks the Giver if he can apply for a sprouse. The Giver then explains that Jonas could but he would not be able to show any of the books or talk about any of his memories.

- Then subject of the "failure" from ten years ago comes up, and Jonas asks what happened. as jonas still does not have the answer because When he asked his parents they said no one can speak of that day.

- The Giver explains that when she (the last receiver of Memory) failed, the memories didn't come back to him. Instead, they were released to the world and everyone had access to them, the way it used to be.

- He then explains that his life, his job, is simply to hold the memories.

-  Sometimes when Jonas shows up for his training the Giver is in pain and sends him away without training. When this happens, Jonas goes for long walks alone and tries to test his memory by looking for colors and trying to feel the sun.

-  Another day goes by, and Jonas asks the Giver what causes him so much pain.  Jonas asks if it is about time for him to take some of the painful memories to carry himself. The Giver agrees that its time.

- When jonas was asked to leave because the giver was in too much pain he decided to stand by the bridge that led to the other communities, although it was forbidden to cross over to another community.

- He thinks about what everything looks like Elsewhere, beyond all the communities. Do they have hills and colors and sunshine he ponders?

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-Its the last day before the ceromny and lilys mom was fixing lilys hair ribbons, lily didnt seem to keen on them as she did say i dont like hair ribons. Jonas then reminded her of all gifts she got through the years.

-the family was then on there way to the auditouriam by bike. Apperently the whold entire comunitty atends the cereomnys. For the parents it was a 2 day holiday form work.

-jonas then spots his dad sitting in the nurtuer section he was sitting with a bay, one that wasnt gabe.  Gabe was granted another year in the comunity. Each night he would stay in jonas`s family unit but they signed a pleade saying they cant get attached.

-Jonas was sitting beside Asher as they watched the newborns get names and placed into family units.

-a little while ago a kid named caleb who was a four had wanderd off and fell in to a lake, and unfourtnatly the family lost there son. Now they have just been givin a replacement child with then same name, caleb.

-they then had moved up the age catagories there now at nines. It was Lilys turn she had just recived a jacket. One with small buttons and pokets.

-Its now the next day, the ceromny of twelves and the day the nines would recive there bike.

-After the nines its the tens turns which was where they get there hair cut to where there ears are visibale. After wqas the elevens turns they recived new chlothing for there changing bodys.

-Then then took a break for lunch. Aher was explaing storys but jonas wasnt falling for them.The break was then over and they signaled them back to there seats.

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1. Was the giver taking the pills at that time? as he said he loved rosemary and they said rules were different back then.
Answer: Unanswered, but it was different because Rosemary was the giver's daughter.

2. Is there a forcefield or boundary surrounding this so called community.
answer: unknown

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1. Where does the smaller twin go when released? and why do they only keep one?
Answer: The smaller twin gets injected with a needle and will then be put down. They keep the larger one because he is considered more healthier.

2. is jonas able to explain to his friends why he does not like the game of war?
Answer: No he can't because they would never understand.

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1. Why doesn't the community celebrate special events besides the ceremony of release and the ceremony of age?

Answer: to keep sameness.

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1. what dose elsewhere look like? As right now we just know its much diffrent then  where there are now.
Answer: Unanswered, but we do know theres diffrent climats

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- Jonas was put back on the sled hill for another memory but this time it was different and he fell off the sled and broke his leg. This was extremely painful for Jonas and this pain lasted majority of the day.

- The Giver had started transmitting more and more painful memories to Jonas but he always ends the day with a pleasant memory, like sailing on a blue lake during sunset.

- The Giver then explains that the memories provide the wisdom he needs to tell and help the Elders. Years ago, he says they wanted every birth mother to have four children instead of three, so that there were more new children. He had told them that this would lead to starvation in the community, even warfare.

- Jonas asks why everyone doesn't have the memories that the two of them have, and the Giver explains that they don't want everyone to have to suffer like the two of them are.

-  Gabriel is becoming better. He's growing and eating and healthy but he still needs extra attention at night and still is having trouble staying asleep. Jonas's father hopes that they won't release him because he's put so much effort in to care for him.

- His parents say that they aren't getting a lot of sleep at night due to Gabe not sleeping soundly, Jonas affairs to have Gabe sleep in his room tonight, his parents agree.

- Gabe sleeps soundly for a while but wakes up and is squirming around and being loud, Jonas wakes up and pats his back and begins to think about the pleasant memory about the sailboat.

- Accidentally, Jonas begins transmitting the memory to Gabe, who is comforted by the memory and falls asleep. Jones can feel the memory disappearing from his mind, so he pulls it back but can only remember bits of the memory.

- Gabe wakes up again and Jonas transmits the whole memory to him.  Knowing he can take another one from the Giver.

- Then Jonas wonders if he's just broken some unknown rule. It's not like he had permission to start transmitting his memory.

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- The next day at breakfast, Jonas avoids telling his dream to his parents and says he just slept soundly. as it is a rule in the instructions he received that he must not share his dreams.

- But that was a lie. Jonas had dreamed of himself sledding down the hill again.

-  He said when he was about to reach something at the bottom, although he doesn't know what the something was, but he does know that this something was  good, something "welcoming."

- Jonas then  heads to school and everyone was talking about their new assignments and their training process. Jonas realizes he couldn't explain his training even if he were allowed, no one would know what a sled or hill or snow was anyway so it was pointless.

- Then when he looked over at Fiona, she "changes" the same way the apple did that one day and the crowd. It only happens for an instant and then goes away. It was only her hair that had changed but he couldn't tell what had happened.

- When he arrives at The house of old  after school for day two on the job, Jonas decides to ask him about what are these random changes he keeps seeing.

- The Giver then asks  if Jonas  by chance looked down at the sled when he was experiencing the memory. Jones replied with no, he didn't.

- The Giver says this is a case of his seeing beyond; the same thing happened to him when he was Jonas's age, but it happened quite differently.

- He then tells Jonas to lay down and tells him to recall the memory of his first ever snow experience. Which had taken place just the day before.

- Jonas does so and was then back on the sled. He looks down and remarks the same thing that the apple had and to Fiona's hair had for a small moment, this sled was permanently that way. He doesn't know what it is though.

- The Giver then decides: "You're beginning to see the color red," he tells Jonas

- Jonas does not know what "color" means, he also doesn't know what "red" means. The Giver explains that before "Sameness," objects had a shape and size, but they also had a color. That's what Jonas saw in the apple, in Fiona's hair, and even in the crowd at the Ceremony, since flesh has red tones in it.

- The Giver tells him that he will soon be able to see all the colors.

- Jonas asks why anyone would anyone ever get rid of something so beautiful. The Giver says that it was a choice, and that for losing things like color, they gained control.

- Jonas asks what the Giver meant when he said he too, "saw the beyond" when he was Jonas age but in a different way. The Giver says he'll save that lesson for another day, and begins to send to Jonas the memory of a rainbow.

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-Jonas asks what happened to the smaller twin that morning when it was released.

- The Giver turned the speaker to ON and asked to see the video from the ceremony that morning. There was a reply and the screen went white.

- The video began and Jonas's father walked in with the twins and his assistant. He weighed them and put the larger on in the Centre.

- Jonas's Father then began to get a syringe and a bottle with liquid inside. He then inserted it in the new Child's forehead. the new child then went limp and motionless.

- When Jonas had realized that the new child was died he was shocked and said "HE KILLED IT, MY FATHER KILLED IT" .

- Then his Father placed the dead new child into what looked like a shoe box and open a door to what looked like a trash shoot and put the shoe box down it.

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1. Why would this not faze the nurturer to just put the child down?
answer: unanswered

2. Is the trash shoot what they call elsewhere? Like a term they use to make it sound nicer then what it really is?
Answer: No the trash shoot leads somewhere but its not mentioned but elsewhere is far, a place they experince stuff you would not in Jonas community.

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- Jonas rides his bike with Fiona to The House of Old which was were the instrusctions idecated him to go.

- When Jonas enters a women  stands up and greets him as  "The Receiver of Memory". Then she unlocks the door to The Receiver's room, which was weird, since none of the doors in the community have locks on them.

-When Jonas walks into the Receiver room he notices that it looks like a normal room, but it had books on all the walls which ran from the floor to the ceiling.

- Jonas then realised that they had only ever seen books for reference or rules.

- Jonas see's the previous Receiver in the corner and he then refers Jonas as the new Receiver.

-  He tells Jonas to feel free to ask as many questions as he wants. He explains that his job is to transmit Jonas all the memories of the past.

- He explains that this isn't what he means, he won't be transmitting memories of his own past, but memories of the world. "It is how wisdom comes," "and how we shape our future."

- He then tells Jonas that "It's like going downhill on a sled, at first it's quick and easy, until the snow builds up on the runners and then you have to push and push to keep going". Jonas is very confused because he doesn't know what snow, a sled, runners, downhill even means.

- The Receiver then tells Jonas to lay on the bed, take off his tunic and lie face first.

-  Jonas then watches the previous Receiver go to the wall and turn off the speaker. Every house he's ever been in has one, but Jonas has never seen a speaker with an "off" switch before. he was quite shocked from my perspective.

- Jonas asks what he is going to do and he replies with, "transmit the memory of snow".

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1. Now that Jonas transmitted the memory of the sailboat to gabe will he be able to remember it in his memory as the years go on?
Answer: Unanswered

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1. If only people with light coloured eyes can colours what does everyone else see.
Answer: the colour is unanswered, but I would think they only see in black and white.

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seldom
context: There was so much work to be done, that he and the giver seldom simply sat and talked, the way they just had.
definition: not often; rarely.

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- Jonas then lays down on the bed and waits to receive the memory of snow.

- He starts to feel a rush of coldness. He now can no longer feel the old man's hands on his back. He feels something like pinpricks on his skin, and sticks out his tongue to catch the falling white things.

.

- He then remarks he's surrounded by snow and  he's sitting on a sled. He then races downhill, fast at first, until the snow piles up and the runners come to a standstill.

- He opens his eyes and is back in the room with the old man.

- The old man says that was tiring for him, but that he feels happy because he gave away one memory

- Jonas asks if that means the old man doesn't have that particular memory anymore. The previous Receiver replies with, this is true but I have thousands of memories just like it.

- Jonas then asks why they don't have snow, sleds and hills anymore. The old man explains that this is a very, very old memory that's been passed down  through many generations of Receivers. The reason they don't have snow anymore is because of climate control. Snow made growing crops difficult. "Sameness," as he calls it, is also why the community has no hills. They slow down transportation.

- When Jonas mentions something about the old man having a lot of power, the old man corrects him. He has honor but not power.

- It was time to transmit another memory. This time the old man doesn't want to tell Jonas the name. he wanted to see if Jonas can tell just from the memory what it is called. Like a guessing game.

- Jonas then identifies warmth coming from the sky and decides that this mysterious thing is called "sunshine." This also was put away with when they went to Sameness.

- The old man says they are done for the day. Before he goes, Jonas asks why the Chief Elder talked about this job being painful as he had no clue why.

- The old man explains that it will be painful, but that his "previous failure" taught him that he should start with pleasant memories first.

- Jonas tells the man that he is brave, so the old man transmits one last memory for the day: sunburn.Jonas explains it was very painful and started to understand what he meant.

- As Jonas leaves, Jonas asks what he should call The old man since he was now the new Receiver. the man replies that he is now the Giver.

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Ruefully
context: The Giver chuckled ruefully
Definition: in a way that expresses sorrow or regret, especially in a wry or humorous manner.

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Exasperation
context: Shallow impatience and exasperation, that was all Lily had felt.
definition: a feeling of intense irritation or annoyance.

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1. How and what does the previous reciver mean by he will transmit the memory of snow?
answer:
The previous reciver can transmit memories to people by placing his hand on someones back.

2. Since the previous reciver is no long reciver what does he become or do since jonas has now taken the role of his job?
answer:
The privious reciver has now taken the job as the giver.

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Pervaded
context: But this time he fit right in and felt the happiness that pervaded the memory.
Definition: (especially of a smell) spread through and be perceived in every part of.

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In this chapter Jonas says he wishes he could change some of the attributes in the community, for example people could experience love, see colours and have grandparents. well I have a theory that one day soon Jonas will do so. He will make some changes in the community

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Jarred
context: Sideways, spinning , the sled hit a bump in the hill and Jonas was jarred loose and throughen violently into the air
Definition: Send a painful or damaging shock through (something, especially a part of the body)

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1. what`s the reasoning behind sameness? as each person is different and unique.
answer:
When everything is the same it gives the person in power more control. by that I think they mean that one can have more of an advantage when everything stays the same which in this case is people and the living nature. they use scientist

who will tweak your dna or mindset so you live a life in there control.

2. since Jonas has now experienced how to transmit memories can he do so himself at this point? or is he even allowed to at all for his age?
answer: yes Jonas can. He ends up transmitting the memories he has only to Gabe.

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upholstered
context:  The fabrics on the upholstered chairs and sofa were slightly thicker and more luxurious;the table leg were not straight like thoughs at home,but slender and courved, with a small carved deceration at the foot.
meaning: provide (furniture) with a soft, padded covering.

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1. Did the original caleb drowned or swim across the river and was just never found?
A: unanswered

2. It says they get new clothes for there changing bodies. dose that mean they have no shops or stores?
A: unanswered

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Carnage
Context: The colors of the carnage were grotesquely bright: the
crimson wetness on the rough and dusty fabric, the ripped
shreds of grass, startlingly green, in the boy's yellow hair.
Definition: the killing of a large number of people

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I think up to this point The book has really intrigued me. There's many moment where i've enjoyed and some that I was not  to fond on. Overall to this point I find Lowry did a very good job on balancing out the goods and the bads and the whens and what's.

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Hueless
context: The
bright orange of pumpkins being trucked in from the
agricultural fields beyond the community boundary — seen
in an instant, the flash of brilliant color, but gone again,
returning to their flat and hueless shade.
Definition: something totally lacking in saturation and therefore having no hue.

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grasp
context: Jonas paused , frustrated by his inability to grasp and described what had exactly happened.
Definition: seize and hold firmly.

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abruptly
context: Sled, he said abrutly.
Definition: suddenly and unexpectedly.

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I think its cool how they can share memories from the past. As in our life we can only rember the most recent or inportant memories. Like for me I can barley remember what had happend last year.

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This chapter was based off of a memory that was transmitted to Jonas. In the chapter it mention cannons which haven't been used since the 19 hundreds, which was around the time of world war 1. I think this memory may have been based of a war from many years ago just like world war 1.

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Archduke Franz Ferdinand

Tensions had been brewing throughout Europe-especially in the troubled Balkan region of southeast Europe-for years before World War I actually broke out.

A number of alliances involving European powers, the Ottoman Empire, Russia and other parties had existed for years, but political instability in the Balkans (particularly Bosnia, Serbia and Herzegovina) threatened to destroy these agreements.

The spark that ignited World War I was struck in Sarajevo, Bosnia, where Archduke Franz Ferdinand -heir to the Austro-Hungarian Empire-was shot to death along with his wife, Sophie, by the Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip on June 28, 1914. Princip and other nationalists were struggling to end Austro-Hungarian rule over Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The assassination of Franz Ferdinand set off a rapidly escalating chain of events: Austria-Hungary, like many countries around the world, blamed the Serbian government for the attack and hoped to use the incident as justification for settling the question of Serbian nationalism once and for all.

Kaiser Wilhelm II

Because mighty Russia supported Serbia, Austria-Hungary waited to declare war until its leaders received assurance from German leader Kaiser Wilhelm II that Germany would support their cause. Austro-Hungarian leaders feared that a Russian intervention would involve Russia's ally, France, and possibly Great Britain as well.

On July 5, Kaiser Wilhelm secretly pledged his support, giving Austria-Hungary a so-called carte blanche, or "blank check" assurance of Germany's backing in the case of war. The Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary then sent an ultimatum to Serbia, with such harsh terms as to make it almost impossible to accept.

World War I Begins

Convinced that Austria-Hungary was readying for war, the Serbian government ordered the Serbian army to mobilize and appealed to Russia for assistance. On July 28, Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia, and the tenuous peace between Europe's great powers quickly collapsed.

Within a week, Russia, Belgium, France, Great Britain and Serbia had lined up against Austria-Hungary and Germany, and World War I had begun.

The Western Front

According to an aggressive military strategy known as the Schlieffen Plan (named for its mastermind, German Field Marshal Alfred von Schlieffen), Germany began fighting World War I on two fronts, invading France through neutral Belgium in the west and confronting Russia in the east.

On August 4, 1914, German troops crossed the border into Belgium. In the first battle of World War I, the Germans assaulted the heavily fortified city of Liege, using the most powerful weapons in their arsenal-enormous siege cannons-to capture the city by August 15. The Germans left death and destruction in their wake as they advanced through Belgium toward France, shooting civilians and executing a Belgian priest they had accused of inciting civilian resistance.

First Battle of the Marne

In the First Battle of the Marne, fought from September 6-9, 1914, French and British forces confronted the invading German army, which had by then penetrated deep into northeastern France, within 30 miles of Paris. The Allied troops checked the German advance and mounted a successful counterattack, driving the Germans back to the north of the Aisne River.

The defeat meant the end of German plans for a quick victory in France. Both sides dug into trenches, and the Western Front was the setting for a hellish war of attrition that would last more than three years.

Particularly long and costly battles in this campaign were fought at Verdun (February-December 1916) and the Battle of the Somme (July-November 1916). German and French troops suffered close to a million casualties in the Battle of Verdun alone.

World War I Books and Art

The bloodshed on the battlefields of the Western Front, and the difficulties its soldiers had for years after the fighting had ended, inspired such works of art as " All Quiet on the Western Front" by Erich Maria Remarque and " In Flanders Fields"by Canadian doctor Lieutenant-Colonel John McCrae. In the latter poem, McCrae writes from the perspective of the fallen soldiers:

Published in 1915, the poem inspired the use of the poppy as a symbol of remembrance.

Visual artists like Otto Dix of Germany and British painters Wyndham Lewis, Paul Nash and David Bomberg used their firsthand experience as soldiers in World War I to create their art, capturing the anguish of trench warfare and exploring the themes of technology, violence and landscapes decimated by war.

The Eastern Front

On the Eastern Front of World War I, Russian forces invaded the German-held regions of East Prussia and Poland but were stopped short by German and Austrian forces at the Battle of Tannenberg in late August 1914.

Despite that victory, Russia's assault forced Germany to move two corps from the Western Front to the Eastern, contributing to the German loss in the Battle of the Marne.

Combined with the fierce Allied resistance in France, the ability of Russia's huge war machine to mobilize relatively quickly in the east ensured a longer, more grueling conflict instead of the quick victory Germany had hoped to win under the Schlieffen Plan.

Russian Revolution

From 1914 to 1916, Russia's army mounted several offensives on World War I's Eastern Front but was unable to break through German lines.

Defeat on the battlefield, combined with economic instability and the scarcity of food and other essentials, led to mounting discontent among the bulk of Russia's population, especially the poverty-stricken workers and peasants. This increased hostility was directed toward the imperial regime of Czar Nicholas II and his unpopular German-born wife, Alexandra.

Russia's simmering instability exploded in the Russian Revolution of 1917, spearheaded by Vladimir Lenin and the Bolsheviks, which ended czarist rule and brought a halt to Russian participation in World War I.

Russia reached an armistice with the Central Powers in early December 1917, freeing German troops to face the remaining Allies on the Western Front.

America Enters World War I

At the outbreak of fighting in 1914, the United States remained on the sidelines of World War I, adopting the policy of neutrality favored by President Woodrow Wilson while continuing to engage in commerce and shipping with European countries on both sides of the conflict.

Neutrality, however, it was increasingly difficult to maintain in the face of Germany's unchecked submarine aggression against neutral ships, including those carrying passengers. In 1915, Germany declared the waters surrounding the British Isles to be a war zone, and German U-boats sunk several commercial and passenger vessels, including some U.S. ships.

Widespread protest over the sinking by U-boat of the British ocean liner Lusitania-traveling from New York to Liverpool, England with hundreds of American passengers onboard-in May 1915 helped turn the tide of American public opinion against Germany. In February 1917, Congress passed a $250 million arms appropriations bill intended to make the United States ready for war.

Germany sunk four more U.S. merchant ships the following month, and on April 2 Woodrow Wilson appeared before Congress and called for a declaration of war against Germany.

Gallipoli Campaign

With World War I having effectively settled into a stalemate in Europe, the Allies attempted to score a victory against the Ottoman Empire, which entered the conflict on the side of the Central Powers in late 1914.

After a failed attack on the Dardanelles (the strait linking the Sea of Marmara with the Aegean Sea), Allied forces led by Britain launched a large-scale land invasion of the Gallipoli Peninsula in April 1915. The invasion also proved a dismal failure, and in January 1916 Allied forces staged a full retreat from the shores of the peninsula after suffering 250,000 casualties.

Did you know? The young Winston Churchill, then first lord of the British Admiralty, resigned his command after the failed Gallipoli campaign in 1916, accepting a commission with an infantry battalion in France.

British-led forces also combated the Ottoman Turks in Egypt and Mesopotamia, while in northern Italy, Austrian and Italian troops faced off in a series of 12 battles along the Isonzo River, located at the border between the two nations.

Battle of the Isonzo

The First Battle of the Isonzo took place in the late spring of 1915, soon after Italy's entrance into the war on the Allied side. In the Twelfth Battle of the Isonzo, also known as the Battle of Caporetto (October 1917), German reinforcements helped Austria-Hungary win a decisive victory.

After Caporetto, Italy's allies jumped in to offer increased assistance. British and French-and later, American-troops arrived in the region, and the Allies began to take back the Italian Front.

World War I at Sea

In the years before World War I, the superiority of Britain's Royal Navy was unchallenged by any other nation's fleet, but the Imperial German Navy had made substantial strides in closing the gap between the two naval powers. Germany's strength on the high seas was also aided by its lethal fleet of U-boat submarines.

After the Battle of Dogger Bank in January 1915, in which the British mounted a surprise attack on German ships in the North Sea, the German navy chose not to confront Britain's mighty Royal Navy in a major battle for more than a year, preferring to rest the bulk of its naval strategy on its U-boats.

The biggest naval engagement of World War I, the Battle of Jutland (May 1916) left British naval superiority on the North Sea intact, and Germany would make no further attempts to break an Allied naval blockade for the remainder of the war.

World War I Planes

World War I was the first major conflict to harness the power of planes. Though not as impactful as the British Royal Navy or Germany's U-boats, the use of planes in World War I presaged their later, pivotal role in military conflicts around the globe.

At the dawn of World War I, aviation was a relatively new field; the Wright brothers took their first sustained flight just eleven years before, in 1903. Aircraft were initially used primarily for reconnaissance missions. During the First Battle of the Marne, information passed from pilots allowed the allies to exploit weak spots in the German lines, helping the Allies to push Germany out of France.

The first machine guns were successfully mounted on planes in June of 1912 in the United States, but were imperfect; if timed incorrectly, a bullet could easily destroy the propeller of the plane it came from. The Morane-Saulnier L, a French plane, provided a solution: The propeller was armored with deflector wedges that prevented bullets from hitting it. The Morane-Saulnier Type L was used by the French, the British Royal Flying Corps (part of the Army), the British Royal Navy Air Service and the Imperial Russian Air Service. The British Bristol Type 22 was another popular model used for both reconnaissance work and as a fighter plane.

Dutch inventor Anthony Fokker improved upon the French deflector system in 1915. His "interrupter" synchronized the firing of the guns with the plane's propeller to avoid collisions. Though his most popular plane during WWI was the single-seat Fokker Eindecker, Fokker created over 40 kinds of airplanes for the Germans.

The Allies debuted the Handley-Page HP O/400, the first two-engine bomber, in 1915. As aerial technology progressed, long-range heavy bombers like Germany's Gotha G.V. (first introduced in 1917) were used to strike cities like London. Their speed and maneuverability proved to be far deadlier than Germany's earlier Zeppelin raids.

By the war's end, the Allies were producing five times more aircraft than the Germans. On April 1, 1918, the British created the Royal Air Force, or RAF, the first air force to be a separate military branch independent from the navy or army.

Second Battle of the Marne

With Germany able to build up its strength on the Western Front after the armistice with Russia, Allied troops struggled to hold off another German offensive until promised reinforcements from the United States were able to arrive.

On July 15, 1918, German troops launched what would become the last German offensive of the war, attacking French forces (joined by 85,000 American troops as well as some of the British Expeditionary Force) in the Second Battle of the Marne. The Allies successfully pushed back the German offensive and launched their own counteroffensive just three days later.

After suffering massive casualties, Germany was forced to call off a planned offensive further north, in the Flanders region stretching between France and Belgium, which was envisioned as Germany's best hope of victory.

The Second Battle of the Marne turned the tide of war decisively towards the Allies, who were able to regain much of France and Belgium in the months that followed.

The Harlem Hellfighters and Other All-Black Regiments

By the time World War I began, there were four all-Black regiments in the U.S. military: the 24th and 25th Infantry and the 9th and 10th Cavalry. All four regiments comprised of celebrated soldiers who fought in the Spanish-American War and American-Indian Wars, and served in the American territories. But they were not deployed for overseas combat in World War I.

Blacks serving alongside white soldiers on the front lines in Europe was inconceivable to the U.S. military. Instead, the first African American troops sent overseas served in segregated labor battalions, restricted to menial roles in the Army and Navy, and shutout of the Marines, entirely. Their duties mostly included unloading ships, transporting materials from train depots, bases and ports, digging trenches, cooking and maintenance, removing barbed wire and inoperable equipment, and burying soldiers.

Facing criticism from the Black community and civil rights organizations for its quotas and treatment of African American soldiers in the war effort, the military formed two Black combat units in 1917, the 92nd and 93rd Divisions. Trained separately and inadequately in the United States, the divisions fared differently in the war. The 92nd faced criticism for their performance in the Meuse-Argonne campaign in September 1918. The 93rd Division, however, had more success.

With dwindling armies, France asked America for reinforcements, and General John Pershing, commander of the American Expeditionary Forces, sent regiments in the 93 Division to over, since France had experience fighting alongside Black soldiers from their Senegalese French Colonial army. The 93 Division's 369 regiment, nicknamed the Harlem Hellfighters, fought so gallantly, with a total of 191 days on the front lines, longer than any AEF regiment, that France awarded them the Croix de Guerre for their heroism. More than 350,000 African American soldiers would serve in World War I in various capacities.

Toward Armistice

By the fall of 1918, the Central Powers were unraveling on all fronts.

Despite the Turkish victory at Gallipoli, later defeats by invading forces and an Arab revolt that destroyed the Ottoman economy and devastated its land, and the Turks signed a treaty with the Allies in late October 1918.

Austria-Hungary, dissolving from within due to growing nationalist movements among its diverse population, reached an armistice on November 4. Facing dwindling resources on the battlefield, discontent on the homefront and the surrender of its allies, Germany was finally forced to seek an armistice on November 11, 1918, ending World War I.

Treaty of Versailles

At the Paris Peace Conference in 1919, Allied leaders stated their desire to build a post-war world that would safeguard itself against future conflicts of such a devastating scale.

Some hopeful participants had even begun calling World War I "the War to End All Wars." But the Treaty of Versailles, signed on June 28, 1919, would not achieve that lofty goal.

Saddled with war guilt, heavy reparations and denied entrance into the League of Nations, Germany felt tricked into signing the treaty, having believed any peace would be a "peace without victory," as put forward by President Wilson in his famous Fourteen Points speech of January 1918.

As the years passed, hatred of the Versailles treaty and its authors settled into a smoldering resentment in Germany that would, two decades later, be counted among the causes of World War II.

World War I Casualties

World War I took the lives of more than 9 million soldiers; 21 million more were wounded. Civilian casualties numbered close to 10 million. The two nations most affected were Germany and France, each of which sent some 80 percent of their male populations between the ages of 15 and 49 into battle.

The political disruption surrounding World War I also contributed to the fall of four venerable imperial dynasties: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Russia and Turkey.

Legacy of World War I

World War I brought about massive social upheaval, as millions of women entered the workforce to replace men who went to war and those who never came back. The first global war also helped to spread one of the world's deadliest global pandemics, the Spanish flu epidemic of 1918, which killed an estimated 20 to 50 million people.

World War I has also been referred to as "the first modern war." Many of the technologies now associated with military conflict-machine guns, tanks, aerial combat and radio communications-were introduced on a massive scale during World War I.

The severe effects that chemical weapons such as mustard gas and phosgene had on soldiers and civilians during World War I galvanized public and military attitudes against their continued use. The Geneva Convention agreements, signed in 1925, restricted the use of chemical and biological agents in warfare and remain in effect today.

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Fact Check

We strive for accuracy and fairness. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate.

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World War I: Summary, Causes & Facts | HISTORY

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World War I began in 1914, after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, and lasted until 1918. During the conflict, Germany, Austria‑Hungary, Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire (the Central Powers) fought against Great Britain, France, Russia, Italy, Romania, Japan and the United States (the Allied Powers).

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-Jonas is now starting to feel apart or distinte for the first time ever.

-Well leaving he goes to find his parents and asher.Once he found asher hre asked him he he wanted to ride back with him. Jonas then felt a little uncertintey form ashers voice. They then congratulated each other on the assingements.

-Once arriving home lily talked about her plans to volanteer at the nurtering center. LIly then explains on how she was so happy for the next day to come buk Jonas then answered with I am not. His mom then adjusted his additude by saying you have been hounard.

-Jonas then questioned what happend to the reciver from 10 years ago. He parents hesitated. His dad then proceed by saying it was day like today. just like you they was scared. Jonas then got the assumptum that this person was a boy, but he was wrong it was a girl. Everyone is now band for saying or using her name. No ones has a clue as to what has happend to her. Jonas mom then reminds him on how greatful he was.

-Jonas then went to his room to prep for bed. He then decidedit was a good time to open his folder that he was given at the ceromny. It had a sheet inside which has 8 rules jonas must follow for his job.

-Jonas was a little shocked regarding the rules. for examples lieing and exemptions of rudeness but jonas knows that those two are just choices not demandings.Jonas went back to re-read the rules and had thought what if all intructions say you may lie..has all adalts been lieing to him his whole life?

-As for the rule of not sharing dreams, jonas was ok with that one as he rarely even dreams. He was nervous though because what if he did dream he dosnt wanna lie. As well with the rule of no medicans are allowed to be used for work relating injurys. Jonas was only nervous becuse chef elder did say his job would cause him pain and suffering it without meds might be hard.

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1. What did the girl who was given the job as a reciver do that was so bad that she had disappered and was never to be spoken of.
answer: The young girl had only experinced plesurable memories so when it was time to have a painful one she could not handle them. The then aplied for release and when ``leaving`` all the memories she had had were given to to the people in the community.

2.  Why should jonas lie to his family? is he protecting somthing he knows or might find out.
Answer: Jonas is supposted to lie because he knows the truth about the community and no one else knows.

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uttere
context: But the reason for precison of language was to ensure that unintentional lies were never uttered.
meaning: to make (a sound) with one's voice

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My older brother and Jonas have something alike. For my brother he cant see certain colours as he is colour blind and for jonas its almost the opposite as he cant see most colors yet due to the sameness in his community.

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These children here are experiencing snow for the first time just like jonas. As for the two the don`t have snow where they live.

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Video: Eritrean refugee children experience snow for the first time

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Two Eritrean refugee children living in Toronto can't contain their joy experiencing snow for the first time.

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I think in the next chapter jonas will start his first day for his job as the reciver of memories. I think we will as well get a more inclusive look as to what his job is all about.

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-Jonas dad has now just brought home the baby Gabe.

-Lily then notices and speaks out about his funny looking eyes, they look like Jonas.

-By funny looking they mean light coloured eyes, as most of the people in there community must have darker eyes

-Lily then made a comment saying maybe you guys came from the same birthmother. Jonas was startled by Gabe''s eyes. We now know there's few mirrors so Jonas wasn't really able to compare himself to the baby.

-Lily was so attached to the baby she said she wanted to become a birth mother but instantly Lily's mother said don't say that, there's very little honour in that job. Lily then told her mom about her friend Natasha who helps out at the nursing center and was explaining to her mom the benefits.

-We now find out that each birthing mother only gives birth to 3 babies over the span of 3 years and then they have to do hard physical labor till they go into an old age home. Lily's dad adds in you don't even get to see the baby's so maybe a job as a nurturer would suit you better. she then lets in and says yes.

-Jonas was working on homework and overheard the conversation he taught Lily should be a public speaker because she's never not talking.

- He then started talking about him and Asher playing a game of catch with an apple. Jonas the remarked the apple changed 4 times in plain sight. Jonas blinked a few times so his eyes could adjust., then asked Asher if he noticed anything and he didn't notice it change. So jonas brought it home. He thought something wasn't right but he couldnt put his finger on it.

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-Jonas went looking for Asher, the 2 were going to do volunteer hours together. He then had found him at the house of old. Where the girl he had liked named Fiona was too. Once Jonas got into the building he had signed in.

- The lady at the front had thanked him for coming in as that moring someone had been released and that slows down the plans for the day. She then said he could help Asher and Fiona clean up the bathrooms.

-We now find out if each kid does not exceed a certain amount of community hours by the december ceremony they will not be assigned a job. they will have to wait an entire month to finish getting the hours.

-Later jonas had helped an elderly lady take a bath he prepped the tub with water and helped remove her robe. In the community one of the rules are you can not see anyone naked unless they are a baby or an elder.

-The old lady then started a conversation with Jonas say this morning we experienced the release of Roberto. Jonas replied with I know her. She then carried on by saying before each release they tell a story of their life, not all are very meaning though.

-Jonas then asked what happens when the have an actual release, where exactly did Roberto go. She replied with no one knows besides for the committee. But she said as he was walking in he had a face of pure happiness.

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1. Why are the elders so happy to be released? In my opinion it's sad to come to an end, especially since death is one of my biggest fears.
Answer: the reason is because apperently is means you lived a good life.

2. To me it seems as in this society they raise the kids to fast. As Jonas is only a eleven and is now taking on the responsibility of bathing an elderly woman. Why do they give young kids such a big responsibility?
Answer: They must raise the kids quick because at the age of 12 is when they recive their full time jobs.

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Rehabilitation
context: It was rumored that he
was as skilled now as the Rehabilitation Director themselves, and that he had even developed some machines and methods to hasten rehabilitation.
definition: The action of restoring someone to health or normal life through training and therapy after imprisonment, addiction, or illness.

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In my school I know once you reach high school you must participate in a certain amount of community hours. Just like how jonas must do community hours to participate in the ceremony of 12.

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I think in the following chapter we will find out why jonas might have been seeing the changes in the apple. Perhaps it's his odd eyes? I also think we're gonna find out more about the upcoming december ceremony

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This articel is about young kids coming in and spending time with elders, just like how jonas did but he had helped in a different way.

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how 3-year-olds are helping people live longer - cnn

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How 3-year-olds are helping these people live longer

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The healing power of 3-year-olds is being harnessed in one of the UK's largest elderly care homes to reduce loneliness and keep people mobile, happy and living longer.

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-A ritual this family unit always dose is when they wake up they talk about there dreams. normally jonas dosnt rember his dream but today he did this one took place in the bathroom of the old house. This one took place by the tub, He apperently took of his tunicbut hadnt put on a smock. Then fiona stood beside him jonas then said slightly imbarssed i tried to get her to go into the tub, he then says himself wnted to take his chlothes off himself and go in the tub. He wanted to bathe her but she said no.

- His mother then wanted to talk to him she said the feeling you were having are your first stirring. Once hearing the word he rembered there was always an anocement saying, all strirings must be reported for treatments to take place.

-Apperntly the treatment is a pill jonas must take. Everyone around jonas`s age must take it until they enter the houe of old. This pill will erase your stirrings completly from your memories.

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1. Normally dreams are your inner feelings or somthings you might be terrifed of. So why do they make there young kids feel embaressed by telling there dreams?
Answer: unanswered, Its just one of the rules.

2. Why do they force you to take a pill that will vanish your inner thughts? As not all dreams are taken the same way. For example my mom once told me when she was a teen her decessed grandma was taking to her in her dreams saying go vist grandpa (her husband). My mom at the age of 19 had woken up the next morning and right away bought the next plane ticket to alberta. Once arriving she found out my grandpa was experiencing heart attack like symptoms. Two days later he suffered one, without my mom remebering that dream her grandpa could have died. She was so very thankful she did go so he was able to spend an extra 17 long and healthy years.
answer: unanswerd

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relinquished
context: Jonas never found the ceromney of 1o particularly interessting-only time-consuming , as each childs hair was snipped nearly into its distinguishing cut:feamales lost there braides at 10, and males too, relinquished their long hair and took one more manly short syle which exposed there ears.
meaining: voluntarily cease to keep or claim; give up.

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I think in chapter 7 we will find out what jobs the twelves will recive. But for some reason I think there might be a plot twist because as of now nothing has went wrong.

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-Jonas and his group took there seats in there original order. When they were gorn they were givin numbers.Jonas was number 23. he was rarly called it but besides for whe he was in trouble.

-The opinging speech was led by the cheif elder who was selected every 10 years. He then said but today we honour our diffrences, they have derected your futers.  Then talked about this years group but of course not singiling anyone out.

-They then begain giving out there assignments in cronilogical order. Once it was ashers turn they talked about his difficulte times as a three. He hard a hard time prononceating many words and was punished for messing up.She then anonced he was givin the assignement as a assistent directer of recreation.

-jonas now just watching the others go and waiting for his turn.Fiona had just went number 18 just before jonas. she recived a job as a caretaker of the old. Jonas then prepared himself as next was his turn.

-chef elder then called number 20, missing jonas. He was shocked and confused. He thought maybe she was gonna do him at the end or somthing. but as time past she got all the way to 50 with out calling him.

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1. Why did chef elder skip jonas? did he not recive enough comunity hours throughout the year?
answer: the reason chief elder skipped Jonas was because jonas wouldnt recive this job he would be one of the many rare people to be assigned a job.

2.Why did they talk about Asher challanges as a three? I mean if someone brought that up about me I might be a little imbaressed.
Answer: unanswerd

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disposition
context:Ashers cheerful disposition was well-know throughout the comunity.
meaning: a person's inherent qualities of mind and character

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I can connect to jonas because somtimes my teachers might skip over my name in the attandence and I get a little confused. Just like jonas was when chef elder skiped his number during the ceromny of twelve.

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I think in the next chapter jonas might speak up and tell chef elder she missed him and maybe jonas will recive an answer he was looking for.

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This artical kinda realates to they story Asher was telling jonas at luch. the one about the by who sawn across the lake and just joined a diffrent comunity

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Hundreds of refugees have entered Manitoba near the Emerson border crossing in an attempt to get asylum in Canada over the last year, CBC News has learned.

The revelation comes following news that two refugees from Ghana were hospitalized in Winnipeg after getting frostbite while they were lost on Christmas Eve morning on Highway 75 near the Canada-U.S. border.

The Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) said 410 refugee claimants have been intercepted near the Emerson port of entry while crossing into Canada between April 1, 2016 and Dec. 8, 2016.

Individuals attempting an illegal border crossing are intercepted by the RCMP and brought to the Emerson border crossing, where they can make a refugee claim, said Jacquie Callin, a CBSA spokeswoman.

The majority of refugees entering near Emerson are from Somalia, said Callin.

The border services agency said it is only responsible for designated border crossings and not the areas that surround them.

Ongoing issue for years

The agency declined to comment when asked by CBC how hundreds of people could be making their way into Canada. The agency referred the request to the RCMP, saying they're responsible for patrolling the area.

It's not clear how many of those individuals were able to stay in Canada - after paperwork is filled out, refugee claimants have their photos taken, are released and are given hearing dates at the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada.

The hearings are private and not open to the public.

Derek Sabourin, reeve for the Regional Municipality of Montcalm, which covers the area just north of the Emerson border, said residents have been reporting people coming across their land for years.

Sabourin said there are no fences near the Emerson border.

'Like their northern star'

Instead, there are ditches that people can walk across.

"It's a safety issue and people don't like people walking through their properties at night," he added. "But nothing bad has happened."

They just ... walk towards the red lights and eventually they'll be in Canada. - Derek Sabourin

Sabourin said local Mounties told him in July 2016 that 41 undocumented people were taken into custody during a six-week period alone.

"They just walk on through or get picked up and brought to the border service," he said.

He said it's his understanding that most of the people are coming from Minneapolis and originally from Somalia.

"The windmills have red lights on top in the southern part of our municipality, so you know if they're walking to the red lights, I guess you could say that's like their northern star.

"They just, you know, walk towards the red lights and eventually they'll be in Canada."

Winnipeg immigration lawyer Bashir Khan said he was surprised to hear about the two men who entered Canada on Christmas Eve.

He said he has never seen people walk through fields near the border in the dead of the winter to seek refuge. He also said people fleeing their countries will go at great lengths to find safety.

"The actions of these people is understandable."

Longest undefended border

Manitoba RCMP spokeswoman Tara Seel said the border between Canada and the U.S. is the world's longest that's undefended.

Seel said Mounties are responsible for securing about 520 kilometres of it.

"We have people and technology to protect that border, but people do enter illegally," Seel said in an email.
Read CBC's full coverage of refugees crossing the U.S. border into Manitoba

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'They just walk on through': Hundreds fleeing past Manitoba border seeking refugee protection | CBC News

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Hundreds of refugees have entered Manitoba near the Emerson border crossing in an attempt to get asylum in Canada over the last year, CBC News has learned. The revelation comes following news that two refugees from Ghana were hospitalized in Winnipeg after getting frostbite while they were lost on Christmas Eve morning on Highway 75 near the Canada-U.S.

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-They audience just finished clapping for the last assingment assinege.

-Chef elder then speaks once the volume died down. She then appologized and then invited him on to the stage. She then says jonas has not been assigned, he has been chosin to be a recever of memory. A job that was very rare as there has only ever been one.

-She then explains how jonas has all of the right qualittes like intelligence, integirty, courage, bravery and capacity to see beyond. Jonas was only missing one atrabute, wisdom, but he will aquire it through trainning.

- she then explains to jonas on how this job will put him in pain. Not like what you world experince from scraped knees or jammed fingers, this would be worse.

-jonas was doubting himself but then then looking out into the crowd he realised he felt assured. She then said thank you for your childhood and left the stage. The crowd then began chanting...JONAS,JONAS,JONAS! He felt as if they were exepting his new role.

-yet jonas was a little uneasy about the idea because he didnt know what the selection was of or who he would become from it.

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-In chapter 2 we continue from where we left off. which is Jonas's parents talking to him 1 on 1.His dad then says he remembers when he was a kid and had participated in those ceremonies and how he found the so exciting.

-We now find out there's 50 kids in each age group if that had not been released and apparently most of them lose track of what age they are as time passes.

-Jonas then adds in by saying he remembers when he was at the ceremony of  fours. Or so he had thought. The ceremonies every child partakes in lasts 2 days. Each year a child is given something different for example at the age of 9 you will receive a  bike and at the ceremony of 12 the kids will then find out what job they will be taking on. Some of the elders are observing the kids and will take notes to find out what job will best suit them.

- Apparently all the ceremonies earlier than 4 he doesn't even remember.But he does recall remembering when Lily became a one

-As said by their mother, prior to Lily's ceremony there mother was really wondering what the name of her daughter was gonna be (Lily). So in that case there father (a nurturer) had looked at the list prior to the ceremony that Lily would of been raised in to the family.

-Back to the present, Jonas dad looked at the list for this year babys on the list number 36 was a little guy he was concerned about no one had known the name but the dad who was clearly very compassionate for the baby look at the list and had then found out the baby's name is Gabriel.

-Jonas continues to talk, he mentions he was at the age of five when his family had received Lily. he then talk`s about all the memories of them growing up together.

-We then find out that only some of the rules are strict and aren't. For example the bike rule. But it’s very hard to change the rules.

-The receiver is the most important elderly. As Jonas says. but he's never seen him.

-People only go see the receiver if there's something really important.

-There dad had then went on about the story of his ceremony.

-Jonas then says he's worried about his friend Asher because he doesn’t have that many good interest so he doesn't know what job he will receive.

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1. They have now stated that Lily was given to the family. Why do they separate the kids from there birth parents.
Answer: Once you reach the age of 12 they assign you a job, one you will have forever. One of the jobs is to be a birth mother. Which is were you simply do training, have a child and then give it away and repat.

2. It also say that at the ceremony each kid aged 9 will then receive a bike. Why do the kids have to wait so long? As most kids our day in age learn around the age of 5 or 6.
answer: unanswered, but it's simply just a rule in the books but can be broken with out having a big

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chastisement
context: Lily, he decided, would have to learn that soon, or she would be called in for chastisement because of her in sensitive chatter.
definition: Chastisement is the act of scolding or punishing someone.

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This event is realted because in China it was restricted each family can only have one child. Preferaly a boy. But in the giver you are restricted to 2 children per family, one boy and one girl.

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china's one-child policy change: how quickly can population grow? - cnn

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How quickly can China come back from one-child policy?

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Almost a year after China overturned its one-child policy, allowing couples to have two children, experts are predicting that a population boom will take decades.

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Each year when I hit a milestone for example my birthday I recieve gifts like them and we do through a ceremony but in other words its called a birthday party. Except there more than 50 kids in my age categories and we don't all age at the same time like in the book

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- In chapter 1 we found out about a character named Jonas who was was having a deep sickening feeling.

-That feeling was like the one he had over a year ago we find when Jonas was scared of this fighter jet that has just flown around there community. In there ab normal community a cargo plane was the only thing that flew over them and the planes duty was to bring in supplies.

-the community was then demanded to stay inside till further notice. Jonas then recalled his sister Lily was at the childcare center and his parents were at work.

-shortly after the community heard a voice through out there speakers a person saying ``a pilot in training had miss read the directions..., he will be released``

- Now back to the present Jonas had then mentioned he had to be careful as to what he was saying, unlike his friend Asher who wasn't. He would talk to fast and mix up his words. They then gave an example as to when asher arrived late to class and then apologized.

-Jonas then says he frightened although that's not the term he meant, for december. He continues and says that all the elevens are excited but he was nervous.

-When Jonas arrived home his dad and mom had questioned how they felt at the conclusion of dinner. Jonas was unsure  so he let Lily go first. She talks about how she was angry because other sevens came to visit and they would cut the lines and not wait there turn.

- The mom then adds in Lily shouldn't be mad, they may not of know the rules so she shouldn't be mad at them for breaking the rules.

-There father then adds in how his day was. he  mentioned he had a concern for a newborn baby who isn't doing to well. he adds I might bring him home so someone can keep a close eye on him at all times.Lily then adds in we should keep him. But they no they can't as it's against the rules because the parents can only have 2 kids, one boy and one girl who are assigned to them.

-Jonas`s mother then talks about her day, she said how at work she had to take care of a repeat offender.

-Now it's Jonas`s turn he decided to talk about how he was nervous for the ceremony of 12. His parents then send Lily away so they can talk to jonas in private.

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1. When people get released where do they go? Or is released just an acronym or secret meaning for something else?
answer: When released you are brought into a room and after you are let out through doors, which is where you will then be put down.

2. Why do the children have little to no concept on everyday terms or rituals? For example sharing your thoughts, as Lily and Jonas's mother had to help them explain how they should feel.
answer: The reason is because they were raised to be like this and thats how its been for generations.

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Sympathetically
context: “Oh, no,” Mother murmured sympathetically.
definition: In a way that shows pity and sorrow for someone else's misfortune

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person vs self:
After reading this chapter I have found I can relate to a few things. For example I can relate to having a family, but my family is not a family of 4. I have a family of 6 which includes 4 boys and 2 girls. As well as my parents both have jobs, but they don't have carers as a nurturer or working in a justice department.

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Based on what i've read I am lead in to thinking this book might be based off of the hunger games. I am lead to thinking this because in the hunger games primrose was just randomly chosen and in this case Lily and Jonas were just randomly chosen to be apart of this family

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1. Why is chef elder saying ``thank you for your childhood``? Is then saying they cant still be a child, as in there taking away there past and re modling them?
answer: unanswered, but she basically is re-modling them into an adult because there child hood is now in the past.

2. Chef elder says jonas will experince pain. what kind of twelve should be put through hard pain and why?
answer: The reason chef elder says Jonas will experience pain is because when transmitting memories he may recive some that experience pain. example sunburn or braking a leg.

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lois lowry:

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This very book the giver has been named a John newbary award winning book

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Author Lois Lowry is best known for , her dark, thought-provoking, and controversial fantasy, which is a young adult novel, and for Number the Stars, a children's novel about the Holocaust. Lois Lowry received the prestigious Newbery Medal for each of these books. However, what many people don't know is that Lowry has written more than thirty books for children and young teens, including several series.

Also Known As: Lois Ann Hammersberg

Although Lois Lowry grew up with an older sister and a younger brother, she reports, "I was a solitary child who lived in the world of books and my own vivid imagination." She was born in Hawaii on March 20, 1937. Lowry's father was in the military, and the family moved a lot, spending time in various states and in Japan.

After two years at Brown University, Lowry married. Like her father, her husband was in the military and they moved a good deal, finally settling in Cambridge, Massachusetts when he entered law school. They had four children, two boys and two girls (tragically, one of their sons, an Air Force pilot, died in a plane crash in 1995).

The family lived in Maine while the children were growing up. Lowry received her degree from the University of Southern Maine, went to graduate school, and began writing professionally. After her divorce in 1977, she returned to Cambridge, Massachusetts where she still lives; she also spends time at her home in Maine.

Lois Lowry's first book, A Summer to Die, which was published by Houghton Mifflin in 1977, was awarded the International Reading Association's Children's Book Award. According to Lois Lowry, after hearing from young readers about the book, "I began to feel, and I think this is true, that that audience that you're writing for, when you write for kids, you are writing for people who can still be affected by what you write in ways that might change them."

Lois Lowry has written more than thirty books for young people, from 2 year-olds to teens, and has received numerous honors. Lowry received the prestigious John Newbery Medal for two of her books: Number the Stars and . Other honors include the Boston Globe-Horn Book Award and the Dorothy Canfield Fisher Award.

Some of Lowry's books, like the Anastasia Krupnik and Sam Krupnik series, provide a humorous look at daily life and are geared for readers in grades 4-6 (8 to 12-year-olds). Others, while targeting the same age level, are more serious, such as Number the Stars, a story about the Holocaust. One of her series, which she is planning to expand, the Gooney Bird Greene series, targets even younger children, those in grades 3-5 (7 to 10-year-olds).

Many of Lois Lowry's most serious, and highly-regarded, books are considered young adult books. They are written for children in grades 7 and up (12-years-old and up). They include A Summer to Die, and The Giver fantasy trilogy, which became a quartet in fall 2012 with the publication of Lowry's Son.

In discussing her books, Lois Lowry explained, "My books have varied in content and style. Yet it seems that all of them deal, essentially, with the same general theme: the importance of human connections. A Summer to Die, my first book, was a highly fictionalized retelling of the early death of my sister, and of the effect of such a loss on a family. Number the Stars, set in a different culture and era, tells the same story: that of the role that we humans play in the lives of our fellow beings."

"Submitting to censorship is to enter the seductive world of The Giver: the world where there are no bad words and no bad deeds. But it is also the world where choice has been taken away and reality distorted. And that is the most dangerous world of all."

Lois Lowry's official website has been redesigned and the new, improved website debuted in September 2011. It is divided into five main sections: New Stuff, Blog, About, Collections and Videos. Lois Lowry also provides her email address and a schedule of appearances. The New Stuff area contains information about new books. Lowry uses her blog to describe her daily life and share interesting stories. Both adults and young fans will enjoy her blog.

The About area of the site contains three sections: Biography, Awards, and F.A.Q. The Biography section consists of a first person account of Lois Lowry's life, written for her readers. It contains lots of links to family photos, many of which are from Lois' childhood. There are also photos of Lois as a bride and photos of her children and grandchildren.

The Awards section provides a good bit of information about the John Newbery Medal (Lowry has two!) and a long list of all of the other awards she has received. In the entertaining F.A.Q. section, she answers specific, and sometimes amusing, questions that readers have asked her. According to Lowry, the most frequently asked question is, "How do you get your ideas?" There are also such serious questions as "A parent from my school wants to ban The Giver. What do you think about that?"

The Collections area includes Books Speeches and Pictures. In the Books section, there is information on all of the books in her Anastasia Krupnik series, Sam Krupnik series, her books about the Tates, The Giver trilogy, and her Gooney Bird books, as well as her other books, including her first Newbery Medal winner, Number the Stars.

The Speeches section of the Collections area, the only area specifically directed to adults, includes more than a half-dozen speeches, each available in PDF format. My favorite is her 1994 Newbery Medal acceptance speech because of all of the information she gives about how specific life experiences influenced her writing of The Giver. The Pictures section includes photos of Lois Lowry's home, her family, her travels and her friends.

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All About Lois Lowry, Award-Winning Author of The Giver

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Author Lois Lowry is best known for , her dark, thought-provoking, and controversial fantasy, which is a young adult novel, and for Number the Stars, a children's novel about the Holocaust. Lois Lowry received the prestigious Newbery Medal for each of these books.

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rigorous
context: Only one of us here today has undergone the rigorous training requierd as a reciver.
meaning: extremely thorough, exhaustive, or accurate

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1. Why is only Jonas able to see the changes in the apple? Is he dreaming about it?
answer: The reason Jonas can see changes in the apple is due to his light eye colour. In that moment it was allowing him to see glimpses of the colour red.

2. Why is everyone in this community sterio typical? almost everyone has dark eyes but the odd ones with lighter eyes.
Answer: the reason everyone is the same is because just after they are born they have there dna tweaked by scientest's to make everyone the same.

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Perspiring
context: I was perspiring,because it was so warm.
meaning: Give out sweat through the pores of the skin as a result of heat, physical exertion, or stress.

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I think in the next chapter we will figure out more about the job jonas recived as a reciver. As we only know Jonas needs certain atrabutes and will be put through hard pain in his job.

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adherence
context: He glanced at his mother, the one responsible for adherence to the rules, and was relieved that she was smiling.
definition: Attachment or commitment to a person, cause, or belief

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when I grow up I would love to be a mother just like how Lily wants to be one, but if I lived in this community i would definitly not be to keen on the idea of being a birth mother.

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As for us, living in canada we ourselfs get to chose our jobs ourselfs and normally we know what were getting into. I myself feel bad for the kids leaving in this community as they may have little to no concept on what job they might be given or they might not like what job they have been givin. For them once they are assigned a job theres no going back but for us we can we can retake course and change our jobs at any moment.

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I personally find it very sad on how there are woman who just have a job to produce baby's. The mothers with that job can't keep thr own kids,the ones made out of her personality and idenity. Then can't spend time with them, they are just forced and devoted to give them away to a family looking for that gender.