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Carbohydrates are one of the macronutrients needed in a balanced diet, in conjunction with fats, fibres and proteins. They occur in forms of sugars to provide, store and regulate energy throughout the body. The glucose energy is stored as glycogen, with majority of it in the muscles and liver. The presence of adequate glucose in the body spares the breakdown of proteins from being used to make glucose needed for the body. Thus, carbohydrates are essential to support everyday life through the production of energy.

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Some common myths about carbohydrates include:
1. Losing weight means avoiding all carbohydrates. This is incorrect, as high carbohydrate foods such as bread, pasta and legumes provide essential proteins, minerals and fibre, and other health-beneficial elements.
2. Replacing carbohydrates with protein and fat is a healthy way to diet - doing this will result in the kidneys having to work harder and may pose a risk for healthy bones.

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Carbohydrates are made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
The building blocks of all carbohydrates are simple sugars called monosaccharides.
The structure of cabohydrates represented in three forms.  Open chain structure, Hemi-acetal structure and Haworth structure.

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Carbohydrates are the main source of energy in the human diet.

The energy content of carbohydrates is 17 kJ/g (4.0 kcal/g).

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The adult daily requirement for carbohydrates is 220-320g per day (based on the average 8700kJ requirement).

Carbohydrates should make up 40-60% of total energy daily intake.