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Ethos is the credibility of an author or writer. It is used in writing to show readers that they can trust the author's work. Through ethos writers express their experience, building not only the credibility of themselves but also their claims.

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Pathos is any emotion used in writing.  It is used to persuade a reader through heartfelt words and  passionate exemplifications. Writers use pathos to make readers connect with their claim on a deeper level.

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Logos is the logic and reasoning used in writing. Through facts and analysis writers persuade readers to their claim.
Writers use logos as evidence to their assertion. Logos is connecting logically with the readers.

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Douglass' main use of ethos is when he describes his encounters as a slave. Describing circumstances in first person shows that because he experienced being a slave Douglass is qualified to write about slavery. Douglass
writes about many
experiences as a slave and about the institution of slavery:
"I have been frequently asked, when a slave, if I had a kind master, and do not
remember ever to
have given a negative answer" (Douglass 11).

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Douglass uses pathos in many ways throughout his Narrative. His use of pathos subjects readers to the emotional weight of being a slave. An emotional sentiment Douglass describes is the songs of slaves. He explains how these songs "told a tale of woe... they were tones loud, long, and deep; they breathed the prayer and complaint of souls boiling over with the bitterest anguish"(Douglass 8).

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Douglass' use of logos is skillful, and appears periodically throughout his narrative. He uses logos to dissuade claims that were used to justify slavery. His logic displays the wrongness of slavery in a way that even the most brutal slave owners cannot deny. One of these logical displays is Douglass' description of God cursing Ham; "thousands are ushered into the world, annually, who, like myself, owe their existence to white fathers, and those fathers most frequently their own masters"(Douglass 3).

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In chapter three Douglass describes how slaves do not address their masters in a negative way because it
could lead to repercussions
of a whipping or being sent
to a worst farm. This shows Douglass' credibility to write about slavery because only a slave would know not to
speak unwell of their master.
His first person experiences
give him the qualifications to
write about slavery.

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In chapter two Douglass describes the slave songs and their meaning to slaves. Many people believed that because slaves were singing that meant that they were happy and content with their life, but Douglass illustrates that this is not the case. He recounts these songs as woes of slavery and anguish within their lives. Douglass uses these powerful words to demonstrate the emotions slaves had towards slavery.

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In chapter one Douglass describes that one of the justifications of slavery is the bible story of god and ham. The story says that god cursed ham, a dark skinned man, and all of his descends into slavery.  For many years people used this story to defend slavery saying the the bible said it was just. Douglass flips this around by explicating that most slaves' fathers were their white masters. Therefor they are not children of ham and should not be enslaved.