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Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir has been wanted by the ICC for crimes against humanity, war crimes and genocide in Darfur, Sudan since 2009. He is the first sitting head-of-state to be issued with an ICC arrest warrant. His was also the first genocide charge ever brought by the ICC. The UN Security Council, having referred the situation to the ICC, has consistently failed to ensure al-Bashir’s arrest.

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Burundi is an ICC state member, having ratified the Rome Statue in 2004. Violence following the President's decision to run for a third term in 2015 is currently the subject of an ICC preliminary examination in the country.

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The situation in Libya was referred to the ICC by the UN Security Council in February 2011, in the wake of alleged crimes against humanity after the 2011 popular demonstrations. ICC cases include Saif Gaddafi and Abdullah al-Senussi. Libya is not a state party to the Rome Statute.

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Name: Uhuru Muigai Kenyatta
Nationality: Kenyan
Summons to appear issued: March 8, 2011 (no longer in place as of March 13, 2015).
Charges: Kenyatta was alleged to be indirect co-perpetrators of the crimes against humanity of murder, forcible transfer, rape, persecution, and other inhumane acts.
Charges terminated: March 13, 2015

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Names: William Samoei Ruto and Joshua arap Sang
Nationality: Kenyan
Summons to appear issued: March 8, 2011
Charges: Ruto is alleged to be an indirect co-perpetrator of crimes against humanity of murder, forcible transfer, and persecution. Sang is alleged to have contributed to the commission of the crimes.
Trial start date: September 10, 2013
Charges terminated: April 5, 2016

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Names: Laurent Gbagbo and Charles Blé Goudé

Trial Date: 28th January 2016

Charges: Charged with four counts of crimes against humanity, including murder, rape and other inhumane acts. Te crimes in question are alleged to have been committed in Côte d’Ivoire’s capital Abidjan during a pro-Ouattara march, at a women’s demonstration and in a densely populated area in the city from December 2010 to April 2011.

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Name: Ao An
Nationality: Cambodian
Charges: Genocide of the Cham, violations of the 1956 Cambodian Penal Code, and crimes against humanity, including: murder; extermination; enslavement; imprisonment; torture against the so-called “17 April people”, former Lon Nol soldiers, Central (Old North) Zone cadres, their families and subordinates, people from the East Zone, and other “bad elements” and “internal enemies;” persecution against Cham and Vietnamese people; and other inhumane acts including forced marriage, rape, enforced disappearances, physical abuse, forced labor, and inhumane conditions of detention.

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Name: Yim Tith
Nationality: Cambodian
Charges: Genocide of the Khmer Krom, grave breaches of the Geneva Conventions of 1949, violations of the 1956 Cambodian Penal Code, and crimes against humanity, including: murder; extermination; enslavement; deportation; imprisonment; torture; persecution against the so-called “17 April people,” “East Zone Evacuees,” Northwest Zone cadres, their families, and subordinates, as well as the Khmer Krom and Vietnamese; and other inhumane acts, including forced marriage.

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Name:  Meas Muth
Nationality: Cambodian
Charges: Crimes against humanity, including murder, extermination, enslavement, imprisonment, persecution on political and ethnic grounds, and other inhumane acts allegedly committed at Wat Enta Nhien security center, Kampong Som, Kratie, S-21 security center, and against Vietnamese, Thai, and other foreigners. War crimes, including the unlawful confinement of civilians, willful deprivation of a prisoner of war of civilian’s rights to a fair trial, willful killing, unlawful deportation or transfer, willful causing of great suffering or serious injury to body or health, and torture, all allegedly committed in the same locations against the same groups.

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Names: Nuon Chea and Khieu Samphan (The case originally had four accused: Ieng Thirith was determined unfit to stand trial because of age related dementia and Ieng Sary died of old age mid-trial.)
Nationalities: Cambodian
Charges: Crimes against humanity, war crimes, and genocide
Summons to appear issued: September 19 and November 19, 2007

Case 002/01

Trial start date: November 21, 2011

Trial judgment: August 7, 2014; convicted of crimes against humanity and sentenced to life in prison.

Appeal judgment: November 23, 2016

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Court: Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia

Name: Kaing Guak Eav, alias Duch
Nationality: Cambodian
Charges: Crimes against humanity and war crimes, including extermination, torture, enslavement, and imprisonment.
Summons to appear issued: July 31, 2007
Trial start date: March 30, 2009
Trial judgment: July 26, 2010
Appeal judgment: February 3, 2012

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In January 2016, the ICC opened an investigation into war crimes and crimes against humanity allegedly committed between 1 July and 10 October 2008 by all parties to the South Ossetia conflict, including Georgia, Russia and South Ossetian separatist rebel

Situation phase: ongoing.
The ICC prosecutor is investigating alleged crimes committed on the territory of Georgia by all individuals, regardless of their citizenship. The OTP had been examining the situation in Georgia since 14 August 2008 in order to determine whether an investigation was warranted.

6335 victims have been represented.

Links: http://www.coalitionfortheicc.org/country/georgia

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Name: Ahmad al-Faqi al-Mahdi

Date: Sept 2015-Sept 2016

Background: In September 2015 he was arrested and transferred to ICC custody by the government of Niger on 26 September 2015. The ICC prosecutor alleged al-Mahdi worked closely with terrorist groups Ansar Dine and al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) after they took control of Timbuktu in 2012 and imposed strict Sharia law over the city and its population. Al-Mahdi allegedly headed the 'Manners’ Brigade' enforcing the Islamic Court in Timbuktu.

This was the first time a suspected Islamic extremist appeared before the ICC.

Charges and Verdict: one war crime intentionally directing an attack against historic and religious buildings [Elements of Crimes - Article 8 (2) (e) (iv)]. He was sentenced to nine years imprisonment.

Links: http://www.coalitionfortheicc.org/node/1025

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Name: Bosco Ntaganda

Nationality: Congolese

Background: former alleged Deputy Chief of the General Staff of the Patriotic Forces for the Liberation of Congo (FPLC). Known as ‘the terminator’ or ‘warrior’ among his troops for his tendency to lead from the front and directly participate in the military operations.

Trial: Sept 2015 - Aug 2018

Crimes: 13 counts of war crimes and 5 counts of crimes against humanity. In July 2019 he was convicted of all charges.

A total of 2129 victims participated in the trial.

Links: https://www.ijmonitor.org/category/bosco-ntaganda/

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Trial of Germain Katanga and Mathieu Ngudjolo at the ICC.

Nationality: Congolese
Trial Dates: Nov 2009 - May 2012
Details: Two former militia leaders faced a joint trial for war crimes and crimes against humanity committed during a 2003 attack. The Court convicted Germain Katanga of one crime against humanity and four war crimes and sentenced him to 12 years imprisonment. Ngudjolo was acquitted.

This was the ICC's first trial featuring sexual violence charges. However, both Ngudjolo and Katanga were acquitted of all charges related to sexual violence. This trial exposed serious flaws in the OTP's investigation of sexual and gender based crimes.

Links:

https://www.ijmonitor.org/category/germain-katanga-and-mathieu-ngudjolo-chui/

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Name: Jean-Pierre Bemba Gombo

Court: International Criminal Court

Nationality: Congolese

Trial Dates: 22nd November 2010-7th November 2014

Background:  Bemba is a politician, businessman, and former militia leader. Crimes were alleged to occur during the conflict in the CAR. First ICC case involving the CAR.

Charges: 2 counts of crimes against humanity including murder and rape and three counts of war crimes consisting of murder, rape and pillaging.

Outcome: Convicted of all charges and sentenced to 18 years in prison. Acquitted upon appeal and released.

Link: https://www.ijmonitor.org/category/jean-pierre-bemba-gombo/

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Name: Thomas Lubanga Dyilo

Court: International Criminal Court

Nationality: Congolese

Trial Dates: 26th January 2009-26th August 2011

Background: Congolese Militia Leader. Trial initially suspended due to risk that there would not be a fair trial but Lubanga was not set free. Prosecuted a second time and found guilty.

Charges:  3 Courts of War Crimes including conscripting, enlisting and using child soldiers.

Sentence: 14 years in prison

Link: https://www.ijmonitor.org/category/thomas-lubanga/

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Name: Charles Taylor

Court: Special Court for Sierra Leona

Nationality: Liberian

Trial Dates: 6th January 2008- 9th March 2011

Background: Former Liberian President Charles Taylor was accused of crimes whilst hte leader of the National Patriotic Front of Liberia (NPFL)

Charges: 11 charges of war crimes and crimes against humanity including acts of terrorism, murder, rape, sexual slavery, enslavement, use of child soldiers

Sentence: 50 years in prison

Links: https://www.ijmonitor.org/category/charles-taylor/

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Name: Dominic Ongwen

Court: International Criminal Court

Nationality: Ugandan

Trial Start Date: 6th December 2016

Background: Accused of being a commander in the Lord's Resistance Army. Important to note that Ongwen was himself abducted as a child to become a soldier, there is an argument that he is also a victim.

Charges: 34 counts of crimes against humanity and 36 counts of war crimes allegedly committed in northern Uganda between 2002 and 2005.

Links: https://www.ijmonitor.org/category/lra-trials/