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The human pathogen Plasmodium is known to cause the disease Malaria. Plasmodium is a microscopic, single-celled organism. Plasmodium parasites were first identified in the late 19th century by Charles Laveran. Plasmodium falciparum causes the most serious, life-threatening infection in humans. According to the CDC, in 2017, an estimated 219 million cases of malaria occurred world wide.

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Malaria symptoms include chills, high fever, profuse sweating, headache, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, anemia, muscle pain, and coma.

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Malaria can be prevented by the use of antimalarial medication.

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Malaria can also be prevented by the use of pre-treated bed nets. When traveling to locations where malaria is prevalent, use insect repellent to exposed skin and wear long-sleeved clothing and long pants.

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Anyone can acquire malaria. An infected mother can transmit malaria to her infant before or during delivery. Every two minutes, a child dies of malaria.

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Only female Anopheles mosquitoes can transmit malaria. In order for a female Anopheles to transmit malaria, they must have been infected through a previous blood meal taken from an infected person.

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Malaria is treated with prescription drugs to kill the parasite. The types of drugs and the length of treatment will vary depending on which type of malaria parasite a person have, the severity of symptoms, a person age, and whether the person is pregnant or not.

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Malaria is mainly treated with Artemisinin-based combinations therapies (ACTs).

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Malaria is mostly found in tropical and temperate zones.

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Malaria affects red blood cells in humans. Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax are the most common types of malaria parasites that infect humans.