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Living mostly in rural areas within and adjacent to the tropical rainforests, their dominant economic activities are small scale agriculture and hunting and gatherings. Traditionally, the aborigines and the natives depended on the forest land and its resources to sustain their daily livelihood through hill padi cultivation, vegetable cultivation, hunting, gathering and fishing. Their whole socio-economic and cultural livelihood was related and affected by the forest environment. The forest ecosystem provided practically all the necessary resources to sustain their daily livelihood, from food, building materials, medicines to religious practices. Economically, these forest dependent communities are regarded poor compared to other ethnic groups (such as Malays, Chinese and Indians) in the country.
modernization and development on the other hand has reduced the degree of forest dependence. Aborigines who participated in the land scheme now depend more on modern commercial crops and non-forest goods and services for their daily livelihoods. This has subsequently resulted in the loss of traditional knowledge and sociocultural practices related to forest resource utilization. With the loosening of their ties with the forest, a new identity has emerged for the regrouped and settled aborigines.

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There is no hierarchy system in this group.
Hence, the groups traditionally have not had head men or leaders and the individual autonomy of families is respected.
The conjugal family : families that come together and break up as necessity as convenience apply.

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There are some rules that discourage marriages of close relatives. A marriage is often defined when a couple starts living together. Sometimes there is a small feast and the groom gives some gifts to the bride’s family. Among more settled groups, the husband sometimes does a bride service for a year or two to the bride’s family. Couples may join the camp of the groom’s family or the bride’s family or alternate between both.

Polygyny and polyandry are sometimes practiced but are rare. Divorce is acceptable in most cases, especially if the couple has no children. In most cases, the couple simply stop living together. For the most part the break ups are ultimately amicable and often divorced people remain in the same camps together.

In most cases parents and their preadolescent children share a lean-to. Adolescent girls stay in an adjacent lean-to. Adolescent boys from several families sleep together in their own lean to. Children are brought up by both parents although women usually devote more time to childrearing than men. Children tend to pick up skills through casual observation and participation rather than formal training.

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Majority of Orang Asli do not emphasis the importance of education among them which has been long existence and still be an issue among them.

Currently the research has been studied about the education level of Orang Asli. Is proved that the majority dropped out during their primary school, even those that graduated primary school did not continue secondary school. Dropped out rate is higher among secondary school compared to primary school student.

JHEOA (Jabatan Hal Ehwal Orang Asli) are in charge of the education of orang asli. There is another organisation that deals with orang asli in Malaysia, which is Malaysian Orang Asli Foundation, which mission is to develop the education among Orang Asli.

The Government, formulate a integrated curriculum for Orang Asli and Penan Students.

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1. Food : to eat kindred spirit or special relationship with the animal such as tiger and pets (monkey, dog, chicken). It is not right to eat the food that they raised.
- Food that is unclean : small lizard and leeches.
- Fear of harmful effects following the consumption of food. Like eating from various kind of animal meat. The flesh of the animal belief to have a strong spirit is though to be the cause of "sawan", if eaten by susceptible people such as pregnant woman or children. "Sawan" means convulsion.

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1. The camps are made of families that come together and break up as necessity and convenience apply (the conjugal family).
2. They are very egalitarian. Social control is exerted through informal social pressure.
3. Some taboos are enforced by the belief that if they are broken the offender will be punished by the thunder god.
4.  The Semang abhor violence. Disputes are generally settled through negotiations or public airing of a grievance and seeking a decision by the group.
5. Law : Department of Orang Asli Development (JHEOA)

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Orang Asli Negrito have Seman group, Andaman Islanders, Veddoid Negritos of Sri Lanka and Negritos of the Philipphines and the Indian Ocean Islands. The most known for orang asli negrito is the Semang group.

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The Semang tribe wears a loincloth for the men, made of tree bark hammered out with a wooden mallet from the bark of the terap, a species of wild bread-fruit tree, and a short skirt of the same material for the women decorated with segments of bamboo in patterns to magically protect its wearer from disease, is the only dress worn; some go naked although not customary. Most Orang Asli are animists who believe in spirits. When someone dies, they believe that he or she must be returned to the forest. The body is wrapped using the bark of a tree and tied with long rattan. It is then brought into the deep forest and hung some 50m high on a “tree-house”.

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The Semang are the descendants of the Hoabinhian rain forest foragers who inhabited to Malay Peninsula. Hence, they live to hunted and gathered wild foods and traded forest products for cultivated food and manufactured goods. They live nomadic life. Often they help Malays harvest their rice crop in return for a portion of the rice crop. In the past, they are considered slaves for the Malays, due to that, they are  retired into the forests and they traded rattan, wild rubbers, camphor and oils for goods from China to survive.

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The Semang enjoy singing. Both sexes sometimes put on flowers, leaves and pigments when they hold singing sessions.
They don't like to say thank you when receiving a portion of meat because it is considered rude to express surprise at a hunter's generosity or to size up the piece of meat received.
The “Negrito” always built an instrument to use it once and then throw it away. Their nomadic life made it impossible to carry around heavy gongs or instruments which are complex in structure and easy to break. Today, the nomadic life is over and this also regards to the appearance of Negrito musical instruments today.

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The staple of the nomadic Semang diet is wild yams, which come in 12 varieties and are valuable year round. Wild foods consumed include bamboo shoots, nuts, seasonal fruits. Hunters have traditionally used blowguns and poison darts to catch monkeys, gibbons and birds, which are their primary sources of wild meat. They also dig bamboo rats out of their burrows and fish with nets, poison, spears and hooks and lines. They used to hunt large game with bows and arrows and they seldom used traps, but they don't do it anymore.

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They believed in immortal superhuman beings live in the stone pillars and below earth, which linked with natural phenomena such as wind or fruiting trees. Important figures include the thunder god, who has the power to topple trees on Semang who break taboos; the “Grandmother” of the underworld, who helps the thunder god; and the snake that supports the earth, who can produce devastating floods. Semang shaman are known as "hala" and often act as healers as they use songs, massages, herbal medicines and spells to cure illnesses. It took form of a tiger and can scare off the original tiger, as they call it as "the big hala".

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When the Semang raised crops they practiced slash-and-burn agriculture and grew dry rice, cassava, maize, and sweet potatoes. They shared the harvest food and eat it together. Sometimes dogs are kept as guard animals, since they relatively useless in hunting monkey and birds. Some settled Semang raise chickens for food and keep dogs and monkeys as pets.

The Semang make blowpipes, cooking vessels, water containers and sleeping platforms from bamboo. Mats are baskets are made from pandanus, Belts and ladders are made from rattan. Cloth used to made from bark. Metal tools such as knives, spear points and digging blades and things like tobacco, flour and rice and cloth are obtained through trading forest products such as rattan, beeswax, herbal medicines, honey and resinous woods with Chinese and Malay traders.