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Human papillomavris (HPVs) are a group of more than 200 related viruses. Over 40 types are easily spread through sexual contact of infected people and cause genital warts.

However, types 16 and 18 are known to be the cause of anal, cervical and oropharyngeal cancers.

Strains 16 and 18 cause up to 70% of cervical cancer cases.

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The most common form of screening for cervical and gynecological cancers is through regular pap smears and pelvic exams.

The frequency depends on a woman's age and other health factors.

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One recommended option for prevention is that adolescents receive the HPV vaccine

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Cervical cancer is more prevalent in some groups than others. Notably Hispanic and African American women are at higher risk to be diagnosed.

Also, the average age for a woman to be diagnosed is around 49 years old.

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The mortality rates of cervical cancer may be higher than previously noted, this is in part to the lack of awareness and the vagueness of symptoms.

Common symptoms include abnormal vaginal bleeding or discharge, pain during sex and a significant chance in one's menstrual cycle.

These symptoms can often fall under other diseases and can be confused for something else.

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Cancer found in it's early stages give the best prognosis in survival. Treatment options also depend on age, health factors, or if the patient would like to have children.

Options include surgery, radiation therapy, chemoradiation or chemotherapy

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Genital Warts caused by HPV

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HPV is a non-enveloped virus and is a icosahedral shape.

It belongs in the Papillomaviridae family.