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John Locke on Liberty, Self Government, and Property

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John Locke on Liberty, Self Government, and Property

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“Individuals are the source of sovereign political power and can do what they want with themselves and their property”  - Second Treatise of Government

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James Otis on the Writs of Assistance and its role in Self Government 

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James Otis on the Writs of Assistance and its role in Self Government 

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“Now, one of the most essential branches of English liberty is the freedom of one's house. A man's house is his castle; and whilst he is quiet, he is as well guarded as a prince in his castle. This writ, if it should be declared legal, would totally annihilate this privilege” - Against the Writs of Assistance (1761)

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This is a video describing John Locke's contribution to the development of Self Government, Liberty, and Property in American society.

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Pat Henry was a governor for Virginia in the 18th century as well as a lawyer. HIs famous quote “give me liberty or give me death” described his hatred for the Stamp Act of 1765. He was elected to the House of Burgesses and the House eventually used his proposal to assert their authority to tax the colonists, rather than the british. He favored self government, property, and liberty.

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“If we wish to be free-- if we mean to preserve inviolate those inestimable privileges for which we have been so long contending--if we mean not basely to abandon the noble struggle in which we have been so long engaged, and which we have pledged ourselves never to abandon until the glorious object of our contest shall be obtained--we must fight! I repeat it, sir, we must fight!” - Speech: March 23, 1775

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From Massachusetts, Otis was a lawyer who disapproved of the British government imposing high taxes and other regulations on the Americas, while giving the colonists no say in such taxes. His famous quote “no taxation without representation” remains famous and had a large effect on the American revolution. He favored self government.

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English philosopher one of most influential Enlightenment thinkers.  Known as the father of liberalism, Locke believed in freedom and small self government. He believed that freedom stopped at harming oneself or infringing upon the rights of others. He supported freedom of religion. He believed that property was very important, and that a lack of property was a lack of liberty. He focused on liberty and property.

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Power to tax was the power to destroy by depriving the person of proper. Colonials inspired by Republicanism: representative government safeguarded liberty. 1765: American assemblies passed resolves denying Parliament to tax colonies. Right to tax belonged to colonial assemblies.

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John Locke said property guaranteed liberty.                   Property was not just real estate. It was the source of strength for every individual, providing the freedom to think and act independently. Protecting the individual’s right to own property was the main responsibility of government, because if personal property was not sacred, then neither was personal liberty.