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An empresario was a person who had been granted the right to settle on land in exchange for recruiting and taking responsibility for new settlers. The word is Spanish for entrepreneur.

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Stephen Fuller Austin (November 3, 1793 – December 27, 1836) was an American empresario. Known as the "Father of Texas", and the founder of Texas, he led the second, and ultimately, the successful colonization of the region by bringing 300 families from the United States to the region in 1825.

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Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna - Mexican general who tried to crush the Texas revolt and who lost battles to Winfield Scott and Zachary Taylor in the Mexican War (1795-1876)

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Alamo is defined as a mission in San Antonio, Texas that was used as a fort during the Texas revolution. An example of the Alamo is the site of 187 Texan deaths in 1836. The definition of an alamo is a poplar tree from the southwest area of the United States. An example of an alamo is a cottonwood tree.

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The Battle of San Jacinto, fought on April 21, 1836, in present-day Harris County, Texas, was the decisive battle of the Texas Revolution. Led by General Sam Houston, the Texian Army engaged and defeated General Antonio López de Santa Anna's Mexican army in a fight that lasted just 18 minutes.

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Polk, James K. definition. A political leader of the nineteenth century; Polk, a Democrat, was president from 1845 to 1849. An ardent believer in manifest destiny, he led the United States into the Mexican War. In his presidency, the United States acquired Texas and California and large territories in between.

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Before 1848, California wasn't even part of the United States, it belonged to Mexico. And the people who lived there were the Californios. A Californio was a Spanish speaking, Catholic person of Latin American descent born in Alta California between 1769 and 1848.

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Bear Flag Revolt, (June–July 1846), short-lived independence rebellion precipitated by American settlers in California’s Sacramento Valley against Mexican authorities.

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The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (Tratado de Guadalupe Hidalgo in Spanish), officially titled the Treaty of Peace, Friendship, Limits and Settlement between the United States of America and the Mexican Republic, is the peace treaty signed on February 2, 1848, in the Villa de Guadalupe Hidalgo

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a tract of 45,535 sq. mi. (117,935 sq. km), now contained in New Mexico and Arizona, purchased for $10,000,000 from Mexico in 1853, the treaty being negotiated by James Gadsden. Examples from the Web for Gadsden Purchase. The Gadsden Purchase of 1853 secured a further small strip of territory from Mexico.

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John Augustus Sutter Sr. (February 20, 1803 – June 18, 1880), born Johann August Sutter, was a German-born Swiss pioneer of California known for establishing Sutter's Fort in the area that would eventually become Sacramento, California, the state's capital.

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The Donner Party, or Donner-Reed Party, was a group of American pioneers led by George Donner and James F. Reed who set out for California in a wagon train in May 1846. They were delayed by a series of mishaps and mistakes, and spent the winter of 1846–47 snowbound in the Sierra Nevada.

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a prospector in the California gold rush of 1849.

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search for mineral deposits in a place, especially by means of experimental drilling and excavation.

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a surficial mineral deposit formed by the concentration of small particles of heavy minerals, as gold, rutile, or platinum, in gravel or small sands.