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Sofia de Membiela

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The hepatitis B vaccine is more than 90% effective at preventing infection. Genital herpes is a common sexually-transmitted infection caused by herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2). Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1), the virus responsible for cold sores, can also sometimes cause genital herpes.

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Fotis Christodoulou

A viral infection is a proliferation of a harmful virus inside the body. Viruses cannot reproduce without the assistance of a host. Viruses infect a host by introducing their genetic material into the cells and hijacking the cell's internal machinery to make more virus particles. With an active viral infection, a virus makes copies of itself and bursts the host cell (killing it) to set the newly-formed virus particles free. In other cases, virus particles “bud” off the host cell over a period of time before killing the host cell. Either way, new virus particles are then free to infect other cells. Symptoms of the viral illness occur as a result of cell damage, tissue destruction, and the associated immune response.

Certain viruses -- like the ones that cause chickenpox and cold sores -- may be inactive or “latent” after the initial infection. For example, you may have a cold sore that erupts and then heals. The cold sore virus remains in your cells in a dormant state. At a later date, a trigger, such as stress, sunlight, or something else, may reactivate the virus and lead to new symptoms. The virus makes more copies of itself, releases new virus particles, and kills more host cells.

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Flu is a respiratory infection caused by a number of viruses. The viruses pass through the air and enter your body through your nose or mouth. Between 5% and 20% of people in the U.S. get the flu each year. The flu can be serious or even deadly for elderly people, newborn babies, and people with certain chronic illnesses.

Symptoms of the flu come on suddenly and are worse than those of the common cold. They may include

Body or muscle aches

Chills

Cough

Fever

Headache

Sore throat

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Herpes
The herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a virus. It causes two common diseases. Both diseases have painful, watery blisters in the skin or mucous membranes (such as the mouth or lips) or on the genitals.

The disease is contagious, particularly when the disease is active. Contagious means that it can spread from one person to another. It is not possible to stop this disease completely after it has started in a person. However, there are some medical treatments that stop the disease for a little while.

HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a type of virus called a retrovirus, which infects the human immune system(the system in the body which is in charge of fighting off illness). HIV may cause AIDS (a collection of diseases and symptoms) by eventually killing the white blood cells, which a healthy body uses to fight off disease.

Hepatitis C

Hepatitis C is an infection that mostly affects the liver. The hepatitis C virus (HCV) causes this disease.[1] Often, a person with Hepatitis C does not have any symptoms (health problems or signs that he has the disease). However, chronic infection can scar the liver. Many years of infection may cause cirrhosis. Sometimes, people with cirrhosis also have liver failure or liver cancer. They can also have very swollen veins of the esophagus and stomach. The blood loss from this problem can kill.[1]

Hepatitis C is usually spread by blood-to-blood contact (when blood from a person with Hepatitis C contacts (touches or gets into) another person's bloodstream). The most common ways that this happens are through intravenous drug use (when a person shoots drugs into one of their veins, with a needle that was already used by a person infected with Hepatitis C); nonsterile medical equipment (medical tools that were not cleaned well enough after being used on an infected person); and blood transfusions (when a person is given blood that came from an infected person).

Ebola

Ebola virus is a very dangerous virus. It belongs to the Filoviridae family and is responsible for a severe disease characterized by the sudden onset of hemorrhagic fever accompanied by other nonspecific signs and symptoms. "Hemorrhagic" means that the victim will bleed a lot, inside and outside their body. The virus attacks almost every organ and tissue of the human body resulting in multi-organ dysfunction. Out of every 10 people who get Ebola, on average five to nine die. There are four kinds of Ebola virus that can cause the disease. The virus was first found in Sudan. It is found in Africa, with very few cases in Europe and the United States.[1]

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difference between viruses bacteria and fungi by Javier Perles

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difference between viruses bacteria and fungi by Javier Perles

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Fungi are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms, while bacteria are single-celled prokaryotes. The cells of fungi have nuclei that contain the chromosomes and other organelles, such as mitochondria and ribosomes. Bacteria are much smaller than fungi, do not have nuclei or other organelles and cannot reproduce sexually.
Fungi:
Bacteria:
Virus:

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Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a type of herpes virus that's associated with fever, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, and an enlarged spleen. EBV is a very common virus that causes mononucleosis ("mono"). More than 90% of adults have been infected with this “kissing disease” that is spread primarily through saliva. You are not going to die

West Nile virus (WNV) is a virus that's most commonly transmitted by infected mosquitos. Most people (70% to 80%) with WNV don't have any symptoms while others develop a fever, headache, and other symptoms. Less than 1% of people with WNV develop inflammation of the brain (encephalitis) or inflammation of the tissue surrounding the brain and spinal cord (meningitis).

Viral meningitis is an inflammation of the lining of the brain and spinal cord that causes headache, fever, stiff neck, and other symptoms. Many viruses can cause viral meningitis, but a group of viruses called enteroviruses are most often to blame. Rarely you die.

Hepatitis B is a virus that causes inflammation in the liver. It's transmitted through contaminated blood and bodily fluids. Some people with the virus don't have any symptoms while others feel like they have the flu. The hepatitisB vaccine is more than 90% effective at preventing infection. Maybe you die.

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Viruses are very tiny germs. They are made of genetic material inside of a protein coating. Viruses cause familiar infectious diseases such as the common cold, flu and warts. They also cause severe illnesses such as HIV/AIDS, smallpox, and Ebola.  AP

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prognosis

the likely course of a medical condition.

"the disease has a poor prognosis"

an opinion, based on medical experience, of the likely course of a medical condition.

"it is very difficult to make an accurate prognosis"

a forecast of the likely outcome of a situation.

"gloomy prognoses about overpopulation"

synonyms: | forecast, prediction, projection, prognostication, prophecy; rare prognostic"it is very difficult to make an accurate prognosis"

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Viruses

With the exception of newly discovered prions, viruses are the smallest agents of infectious disease. Most viruses are exceedingly small (about 20 - 200 nanometers in diameter) and essentially round in shape. They consist of little more than a small piece of genetic material surrounded by a thin protein coating. Some viruses are also surrounded by a thin, fatty envelope.

Viruses are different from all other infectious microorganisms because they are the only group of microorganisms that cannot replicate outside of a host cell. Because viruses do not eat food - instead they seize materials and energy from host cells by hijacking cellular machinery - some scientists argue that they are more like complex molecules than living creatures. Viruses are known to infect nearly every type of organism on Earth. Some viruses, called bacteriophages, even infect bacteria.

At Microchem Laboratory, we have made use of the physical similarity between animal viruses and certain bacteriophages to do faster, more cost-effective veridical testing. Simply put, certain bacteriophages are great surrogates for mammalian viruses when it comes to disinfectant testing.

Bacteria

Bacteria are ten to 100 times larger than viruses. They are typically 1 to 3 microns in length and take the shape of a sphere or rod. Most bacteria consist of a ring of DNA surrounded by cellular machinery, all contained within a fatty membrane.

They acquire energy from the same essential sources as humans, including sugars, proteins, and fats. Some bacteria live and multiply in the environment while others are adapted to life within human or animal hosts. Some bacteria can double in number every fifteen minutes, while others take weeks or months to multiply.

Bacteria cause many types of diseases, ranging from mild skin irritation to lethal pneumonia.

Fungi

Fungi are diverse in terms of their shape, size and means of infecting humans. Fungi are eukaryotes, meaning that like parasites, their cells have a true nucleus and complex internal structures.

They are most commonly found as environmentally resistant spores and molds, but can cause disease in humans in the form of yeasts. Fungi most often cause skin infections and pneumonia. Fungal diseases are particularly dangerous to immunocompromised people, such as those suffering from AIDS.

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Bacteria are single cell plant organisms and they are very small in size, measuring about a few microns in size  (micron=0.001mm). Bacteria are different from other cellular forms as they do not have any nucleus. They can be harmful as well as beneficial. They help in digestion and also keep the number of bad bugs under control

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Andres Pineiro Carballo

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Fotis Christodoulou

They can be divided into six major types: bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, algae, and viruses.

Bacteria. Bacteria are unicellular organisms. ...

Archaea. Archaea or Archaebacteria differ from true bacteria in their cell wall structure and lack peptidoglycans. ...

Fungi. ...

Protozoa. ...

Algae. ...

Viruses. ...

Multicellular Animal Parasites.

Students will understand that microorganisms range from simple to complex, are found almost everywhere, and are both helpful and harmful. Bacteria are microscopic, single-celled organisms that exist all around you and inside you. Although they can cause sickness and disease, they are very important to life on Earth.
Microorganisms are used in brewing, wine making, baking, pickling and other food-making processes. They are also used to control the fermentation process in theproduction of cultured dairy products such as yogurt and cheese. The cultures also provide flavor and aroma, and inhibit undesirable organisms.
Many bacteria and fungi are present in the decomposition process for composting. Bacteria is a great nitrogen aide. Useful microorganisms are used in the production of fermented meats, beer, bread, yogurt, cheese Microorganisms that cause diseases are often called germs

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Bacteria are the most numerous life forms on the planet. Bacteria come in various shapes and sizes and thrive in some of the most inhospitable environments. They live in your body, on your skin, and on objects you use everyday

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Fungi are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms, whilebacteria are single-celled prokaryotes. The cells offungi have nuclei that contain the chromosomes and other organelles, such as mitochondria and ribosomes. Bacteria are much smaller than fungi, do not have nuclei or other organelles and cannot reproduce sexually.  alannah priestley

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Bacteria are single celled and prokaryotic organisms. They replicate in an asexual manner. They can be harmful as well as beneficial; it depends upon the type of Bacteria. On the other hand, viruses are non living pathogens and are acellular. Viruses also need host cells to reproduce.  Most of the Viruses do not serve any useful purpose. Fungi are living organisms from the large group of eukaryotic organisms. A fungus can be either a single celled or a very complex multicellular organism.
Antibiotics don't affect fungi, can't kill viruses but can kill bacteria.

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Fungi are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms, while bacteria are single-celled prokaryotes. The cells of fungi have nuclei that contain the chromosomes and other organelles, such as mitochondria and ribosomes. Bacteria are much smaller than fungi, do not have nuclei or other organelles and cannot reproduce sexually.

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Fungi are multi cellular, Eukaryota organisms, while bacteria are single-celled prokaryotic. The cells of fungi have nuclei that contain the chromosomes and other organelles, such as mitochondria and chromosomes. Bacteria are much smaller than fungi, do not have nuclei or other organelles and cannot reproduce sexually.

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Bacteria: is a kind of monocytic cells belonging to prokaryotic cells. The body is small and has a simple structure, no forming nucleus, no nucleolus and nuclear membrane. In addition to nucleoprotein, there is no other organelle
Virus: No complete cell structure, with single nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) type;
Fungi: organisms that have eukaryotic and cell walls; fungi are the same as bacteria and microbes, and are organisms that break down the organism of dead organisms

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They can be divided into six major types: bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, algae, and viruses.

Bacteria. Bacteria are unicellular organisms. ...

Archaea. Archaea or Archaebacteria differ from true bacteria in their cell wall structure and lack peptidoglycans. ...

Fungi. ...

Protozoa. ...

Algae. ...

Viruses. ...

Multicellular Animal Parasites.

Students will understand that microorganisms range from simple to complex, are found almost everywhere, and are both helpful and harmful. Bacteria are microscopic, single-celled organisms that exist all around you and inside you. Although they can cause sickness and disease, they are very important to life on Earth.
Carlos Zamora

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Samara Alonso

BACTERIA
Most bacteria consist of a ring of DNA surrounded by a cellular machinery, contained within a fatty membrane.
size: medium.
They are  transmitted by direct contact with an infected person

Contaminated food or water (Salmonella, E.coli)

Dirty objects (tetanus)

Infected animals (rabies)

VIRUS
They consist of little more than a small piece of genetic material surrounded by a thin protein coating. Some are also surrounded by a thin and fatty envelop.
size: smallest.

They are  transmitted by

direct contact with infected individuals, contact with contaminated objects (such as toys, doorknobs), inhalation of virus-laden aerosols. (think sneezes) and animals that act as hosts (vectors)
INFECTIONS

Molluscum contagiosum causes small, flesh-colored bumps most often in children ages 1 to 10 years old; however, people of any age can acquire the virus. The bumps usually disappear without treatment, usually in 6 to 12 months. The best way to avoid viral skin infections is to avoid skin-to-skin contact.

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is an infection that can cause both upper respiratory infections (like colds) and lower respiratory infections (like pneumonia and bronchiolitis). It can be very severe in infants, small children, and elderly adults.  Frequent hand-washing, covering the nose and mouth when coughing or sneezing, and avoiding contact with infected individuals can all reduce the spread of respiratory infections. Disinfecting hard surfaces and not touching the eyes, nose, and mouth can help reduce transmission as well.

Hepatitis A is a virus that affects the liver for a few weeks up to several months. Symptoms may include yellow skin, nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting. Up to 15% of infected individuals experience recurrent illness within 6 months of infection.  It's not pleasant to think about it, but foodborne viral illnesses are transmitted via the fecal-oral route. This means that a person gets the virus by ingesting virus particles that were shed through the feces of an infected person. Someone with this type of virus who doesn't wash their hands after using the restroom can transfer the virus to others by shaking hands, preparing food, or touching hard surfaces. Contaminated water is another potential source of infection.

FUNGI
A typical fungus consists of the hyphae, which form the fungal body. These hyphae are microscopic walled tubes or filaments that are lined with plasma membrane and contain cytoplasm.
size: largest.
Transmitted through a number of ways, which include transmission by air and contact.

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The Differences Between Bacteria and Viruses. Although bacteria and viruses are both too small to be seen without a microscope, they're as different as giraffes and goldfish. Bacteria are relatively complex, single-celled creatures with a rigid wall and a thin, rubbery membrane surrounding the fluid inside the cell.

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Difference between Bacteria, Virus and Fungi

Key Difference: Bacteria are single celled and prokaryotic organisms. They replicate in an asexual manner. They can be harmful as well as beneficial; it depends upon the type of Bacteria. On the other hand, viruses are non living pathogens and are acellular. Viruses also need host cells to reproduce.  Most of the Viruses do not serve any useful purpose. Fungi are living organisms from the large group of eukaryotic organisms. A fungus can be either a single celled or a very complex multicellular organism.

Bacteria are single cell plant organisms and they are very small in size, measuring about a few microns in size  (micron=0.001mm). Bacteria are different from other cellular forms as they do not have any nucleus. They can be harmful as well as beneficial. They help in digestion and also keep the number of bad bugs under control.

On the other hand, Virus is a mobile genetic material that is enclosed in a protein or a fatty shell. They are smaller than Bacteria ranging between (0.1 to 0.3 microns) in size. They were discovered just before 1900, and were known as filterable viruses, due to their small size. A debatable issue is regarding their status as living or non living entities. This is due to the fact that they consist of merely nucleic acid that is wrapped in a coat of protein.

Fungi are living organisms from the large group of eurokaryotic organisms. The kingdom of fungi includes mushrooms and puffballs, yeasts and moulds. Most of the species of fungi are saprotrophic, they decompose dead matter. However, some are parasites and some others are mutualistic.
Types of viral infections and its symptoms and treatment
HIV:

Rapid weight loss.

Recurring fever or profuse night sweats.

Extreme and unexplained tiredness.

Prolonged swelling of the lymph glands in the armpits, groin, or neck.

Diarrhea that lasts for more than a week.

Sores of the mouth, anus, or genitals.

Pneumonia.

Common Cold:

Runny or stuffy nose.

Sore throat.

Cough.

Congestion.

Slight body aches or a mild headache.

Sneezing.

Low-grade fever.

Generally feeling unwell (malaise)

West Nile Virus:
Symptoms and signs of West Nile virus include fever,headache, body aches, skin rash, and swollen lymph nodes. Severe symptoms and signs may include stiff neck, sleepiness, disorientation, coma, tremors, convulsions, and paralysis. Most cases of West Nile virus infection are mild and go unreported.

Bird Flu(Avian influenza): Although avian influenza A viruses usually do not infect people, rare cases of human infection with these viruses have been reported. Infected birds shed avian influenza virus in their saliva, mucous and feces. Human infections with bird flu viruses can happen when enough virus gets into a person’s eyes, nose or mouth, or is inhaled. This can happen when virus is in the air (in droplets or possibly dust) and a person breathes it in, or when a person touches something that has virus on it then touches their mouth, eyes or nose. Rare human infections with some avian viruses have occurred most often after unprotected contact with infected birds or surfaces contaminated with avian influenza viruses. However, some infections have been identified where direct contact was not known to have occurred. Illness in people has ranged from mild to severe.