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Event One -- (Judiciary Act ) Organized the federal Judiciary courts. Established 13 Federal District Courts.

Event Two --
(Presidency) Washington wanted a free democratic and united country.
He returned the power of the people and the representatives they elected.

Event Three -- (War between English and French) Washington stayed neutral during the war. Washington went against the recommendations of the secretary of state Thomas Jefferson.

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George Washington was already a war hero when he became the overwhelming choice as the new country's first president. Six important events and his vision of a democracy helped shape the way government operates and establish clear limitations on the most powerful office.

1. Washington decided against becoming "king" of the United States. After risking his life and the lives of his troops to lead the fight for independence, Washington returned the power to the people and the representatives they elected. He wanted a free, democratic and united country.

Was George Washington the Greatest American President?

2. Faced with individual state war debts, runaway inflation, and a poor economic outlook, Washington tasked Alexander Hamilton with directing financial policy. Washington then supported his new treasury secretary's then-radical idea to create a centralized Bank of the United States that would help make the new country's economy strong through a more stable paper currency. Despite opposition, the bank was chartered and headquartered in Philadelphia.

3. Washington stayed neutral during the war in Europe between the English and French, proclaiming that the U.S. would remain "friendly and impartial towards the belligerent powers." He also realized that his newly created country didn't have the strength or stability to fight someone else's battle. By doing so, he went against the recommendations of Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson, who was pro-French, and Hamilton, who was pro-British.

4. He personally ensured that the U.S. government would enforce its laws by mobilizing troops to squelch the Whiskey Rebellion, fought as a protest of a tax imposed on whiskey.

5. The ratification of the Bill of Rights happened on Washington's watch, and granted many of the personal freedoms that Americans still enjoy today, such as the right to a trial by jury, the right to bear arms, protection against illegal searches, and free speech. It was ratified on Dec. 15, 1791.

6. In his first term, Washington joined the states together and helped form the federal government. He didn't interfere with the policy-making powers that he believed Congress had been given by the Constitution. He also declined to run for a third term in office, establishing a precedent of the two-term president.

Which U.S. President Would Be Considered the Greatest in History?

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George Washington: 6 Important Events in First President's Political Career

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George Washington was already a war hero when he became the overwhelming choice as the new country's first president. Six important events and his vision of a democracy helped shape the way government operates and establish clear limitations on the most powerful office.

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Event One -- (The Monroe) Western Hemisphere is closed. The Monroe doctrine would not interference in European affairs.

Event Two -- (Acquisition of Florida) Acquired by the treaty from Spain. Gives Mississippi and Alabama outlet to the Gulf of Mexico.

Event Three  -- (Supreme Court) Mar bury V. Madison Federal Executive. Establish U.S supreme courts power of judicial review.

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Home → SparkNotes → Biography Study Guides → James Monroe

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Event One -- (Hailed as The Father of Constitution) Madison believes the Articles of Confederation expose the fledgling country to social unrest, financial debt and foreign attack. Madison urges a national convention and persuades Washington to chair the meeting and draws up the Virginia Plan which forms the framework of the constitution.

Event Two -- (Elected to the House of Representatives) Madison is elected to the House of Representatives in 1789 and introduces the Bill of Rights, guaranteeing civil liberties. He breaks away from George Washington, instead joining Thomas Jefferson to form the Democratic-Republican party.

Event Three -- (Appointed Secretary of State) Madison supports Jefferson's Presidential campaign and serves as Secretary of State when the party is victorious. Madison is credited with shaping the foreign policy, which is dominated by the Napoleonic wars in Europe.

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James Madison Timeline - James Madison Papers, 1723-1859

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A chronology of the key events in the life of James Madison, 1751-1836.

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Event One -- (Louisiana Purchase) Representatives from the United States and France signed the Louisiana Purchase Treaty. The Louisiana Purchase doubled the size of the United States and is considered one of President Thomas Jefferson's greatest presidential accomplishments.

Event Two --  (The Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves of 1807) An attempt to outlaw the Importation of Slaves was passed by Congress. The 'Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves of 1807' did nothing to stop the buying and selling of slaves within the United States.

Event Three -- (The Revolutionary war 1776-1781)
Jefferson created a model later adopted in the constitution of the united states. Chief executive when his colleagues circled him to a one year term as governor.

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Home → SparkNotes → Biography Study Guides → Thomas Jefferson

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Event One -- (Domestic Affairs)
Adam tries to silence political opposition. Created the Alien, Sedition, and Naturalization Act.

Event Two --
(Appointing Benjamin Stoddert) Adams appoints Benjamin Stoddert to serve as the first secretary of the Navy for the newly formed Department of the Navy. Congress had established the department four days earlier in preparation for war with France.

Even Three -- (Dividing the northwest territory) Congress passes an act dividing the Northwest Territory into two parts, with the border between them running north from the junction of the Ohio and Kentucky Rivers. The western part of the territory will be known as the Indiana Territory while the eastern half will retain the name Northwest Territory.

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Chronological events in the life of John Adams.
1735
October 19: John Adams is born in the city of Braintree, Massachusetts. His parents were John Adams and Susana Boylston. He was the oldest of two brothers, Peter and Elihu.
1741
Started school at Dalme Belche's house where he studied arithmetic, reading and religion.
1743
Attended Braintree's Latin School headed by Joseph Cleverly where he was to be prepared for his entrance exams to Harvard.
1749
John's father hired Joseph Marsh who had a great influence on John Adams. He prepared him for his admission exams to Harvard.
1751
Adams was admitted to Harvard College at age fifteen, almost sixteen.
1755
June: John graduated from Harvard. Impressed by John's commencement speech, Reverent Thaddeus Mccarty, who directed the Central School of Worcester, hired John as a teacher.

November 18: First entry in his diary which he keeps updating until the end of his life.
1756
James Putnam took John as an apprentice; he was to study law under his supervision.
1758
At age 23 he concluded his studies with Putnam. He moved to Braintree and was admitted to the bar of Suffolk County.
1759
Summer: John Adams and Abigail Smith meet for the first time.
1761
January: Adams and his friend Samuel Quincy observed the first confrontation between the American colonies and the British Crown when a customs official applied for writs of assistance. It was an eye opener for him as an understanding of the relationship with the motherland.

May 25: John's father dies of influenza.
1764
October 25: John married Abigail Smith after two years of courtship.
1765
March: The Stamp Act is approved by Parliament.

July 14: The couple's first child, daughter Abigail Amelia, is born.

August: John Adams publishes anonymously an assay in the Boston Gazette entitled "A Dissertation on Cannon and Feudal Law"

August: Stamp Act Crisis

October: The Braintree Instructions written by Adams is adopted by forty towns in Massachusetts, the document affirms the unconstitutionality of taxation without representation.
1766
March 18: The Stamp Act is repealed. Parliament approves the Declaratory Act under which it asserts its right to make laws for the colonies. Adams has doubts about the political future of the colony.
1767
June: Townshend Acts

July 11: The couple's first son, John Quincy is born.
1768
January: The family moves to Boston, they settle in a white house on Brattle Street.

October: Four thousand soldiers were sent to Boston to keep civil order.

December 28: Second daughter, Susana, is born.
1769
Business was booming. Adams defended John Hancock in a smuggling case of Madeira wine and three sailors accused of murdering a navy officer.
1770
February 4: Daughter Susana dies at 13 months of age.

March 5: Boston Massacre

May 29: Second son, Charles, is born.

June: Elected to the Massachusetts legislature.

October: Boston Massacre trials. Adams defends Thomas Preston, he and the six of the eight soldiers were acquitted.
1771
For health reasons the Adams family returns to Braintree.
1772
September 15: Third son, Thomas Boylston, is born.
1773
December 16: Boston Tea Party
1774
May: Intolerable Acts

September-October: Delegate to the First Continental Congress in Philadelphia.
1775
April 19: Battle of Lexington and Concord.

May: Delegate to Second the Second Continental Congress

June: Adams nominates George Washington as commander of the Continental Army.

June: Bunker Hill

October: Abigail's mother and John's brother, Elihu, died of dysentery.
1776
April: Thoughts on Government was written by John Adams in response to a resolution of the North Carolina Provincial Congress. He designs the three branches of American government: the executive, judicial, and legislative branches, all with a system of checks and balances.

June: Adams was selected as president of the Congress Board of War. He writes the Plan of Treaties for an alliance with European nations.

July: Richard Henry Lee's resolution for calling for independence from England is formally adopted.

July 4: Adams signs the Declaration of Independence. The Declaration of Independence is adopted by congress. It announced that the thirteen American colonies regarded themselves as independent states, and no longer a part of the British Empire.

September: British troops occupy New York.
1777
January: John attends the Second Continental Congress as a delegate from Massachusetts.

June: Flag Resolution.

July: Abigail gives birth to stillborn daughter, Elizabeth.

November 15: The Articles of Confederation is adopted.

Adams is elected commissioner to France.
1778
February: France recognizes the United States as an independent nation setting a military alliance and a commercial treaty.

February-April: Adams sails to France for diplomatic assignment. He is accompanied by 10-year old John Quincy.
1779
October: Adams returns to Boston and drafts the Massachusetts Constitution which will serve as the model for the US constitution.

November: Adams, along with John Quincy and Charles, travels to Europe to negotiate the peace treaty with England.
1780
May: John Adams, James Bowdoin, John Hancock, and other leaders founded the American Academy of Arts and Sciences to provide a forum for a select group of scholars, members of the learned professions, and government and business leaders to work together on behalf of the democratic interests of the republic.

June - July: Congress appoints Adams to negotiate a loan with the Netherlands.
1781
October 19: Major victory at Yorktown, Virginia. The British surrender and agree to negotiate peace.
1782
April: The Netherlands recognizes American independence.

June: Adams secures a $2 million loan from Dutch bankers.
1783
September: Adams, Franklin and Jay sign the Treaty of Paris which ends the War with Britain.
1784
Adams serves on a commission to secure commercial treaties for the United States.

Adams negotiates a second loan with the Netherlands.

July: Abigail and Nabby reunite with John in Europe. They settle in Auteuil, near Paris.
1785
February: Adams is appointed Minister to Great Britain.

May: His family joins him in London.
1786
June: Adams' oldest daughter, Nabby, marries William Smith, Adams' secretary in London.
1787
September: Fifty five delegates attend the Constitutional convention. The document that will become the US Constitution is approved.
1788
March: Adams negotiates a fourth loan with the Dutch

April: The Adams family returns to Massachusetts. They settle in Braintree.

September: The Constitution is ratified and put into operation.
1789
March: George Washington is elected president of the United States and John Adams elected Vice President.

April: Adams moves to Richmond Hill, New York.

July: French Revolution
1790
April: Benjamin Franklin dies.

November: Abigail travels to Philadelphia where she joins John. She returns to Massachusetts after six months.
1791
May: Adams is appointed president of Boston's Academy of Arts and Sciences.

December: Ratification of the Bills of Rights
1792
April: The Adams family returns to Braintree, part of which was incorporated as Quincy.

September: The monarchy was abolished and France becomes a republic.

December: Washington was reelected for a second term as President of the United States and Adams as his Vice President.
1793
February: Great Britain, Prussia and Austria declare war on France.

April: Proclamation of Neutrality by which the United States stays out of the European War.
1794
July: Whisky Rebellion. Farmers who sold their grain in the form of whiskey had to pay a new tax which they strongly resented.
1795
August 29: Charles marries Sally Smith in New York.
1796
John Adams is elected second president of the United States.
1797
March 4: John Adams is sworn in as the second President of the United States.

June: Adams appoints his son, John Quincy, as minister to Prussia.

July: John Quincy marries Louisa Catherine Johnson in London.
1798
Adams creates the US Navy Department.

George Washington is the commander of the Army under Adams presidency.

March-April: XYZ Affair. The French foreign minister demands a bribe to resume diplomatic relations with the U.S.
1799
December: George Washington dies at age 67.
1800
Treaty of Morfontaine settled the hostilities between U.S. and France during the Quasi War.

May: The Federalist caucus nominates Adams as party nominee for the 1800 elections. The Republicans select Thomas Jefferson.

November: Adams moves to the newly finished President's House in Washington D.C.

November 30: Son Charles Adams dies of liver cancer at age 30.

December: Adams looses the presidential election to Thomas Jefferson.
1801
March 4: Adams returns to Quincy, Massachusetts.
1802
October: Adams starts writing his Autobiography.
1804
November: Jefferson is elected for a second term.

Jefferson announces the exploration of the Louisiana Purchase lands by the Lewis and Clark expedition.
1805
May 16: Thomas Adams marries Ann Harrod.
1808
James Madison is elected president
1809
April: John Quincy joins the Republican party; his father's rival.
1812
War of 1812
1813
August 14: Nabby dies of breast cancer at age 48.
1817
John Quincy becomes James Monroe's Secretary of State.
1818
October: Abigail Adams dies of typhoid fever at age 73.
1825
February: John Quincy Adams is elected President of the United States.
1826
July 4: John Adam dies at age 91.

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1735 October 19: John Adams is born in the city of Braintree, Massachusetts. His parents were John Adams and Susana Boylston. He was the oldest of two brothers, Peter and Elihu. 1741 Started school at Dalme Belche's house where he studied arithmetic, reading and religion.