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Rapid growth has put considerable pressure on land surfaces
Movement of people often at the expense of cultivated/natural vegetation

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Variation in Solar Energy
- The radiation received from the sun isn't constant and as such, periods of increased solar radiation can lead to warmer weather.

Volcanic Activity
- Gas and dust expelled from volcanoes into the atmosphere can lead to global and localised warming and cooling events.

Oceanic Circulation Changes
- The circulation of heat around the world's seas and oceans varies and thus greater amounts of thermal energy are moved toward the ice caps, causing them to melt. These oceanic currents can fluctuate with the El Nino and La Nina weather patterns.

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Earthquakes: can cause land to elevate/depress
Landslides: this can change river courses and drown vegetation

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Considered to be the second most important cause of global warming, the construction of harder, darker surfaces results in a higher albedo, thus reducing the amount of infrared radiation reflected back out into space, thereby causing oceanic and atmospheric temperatures to rise. The removal of forests in massive proportions results in lower levels of evapotranspiration and thus less water in the atmosphere that can come back down as rain.

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Alteration of the composition of gases in the atmosphere

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Alteration of the composition of gases in the atmosphere

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Considered the greatest cause global warming.
As a result of industrialisation, there's been an increased injection of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, fluorocarbons, nitrous oxides and increased ozone into the atmosphere.
The destruction of natural systems, such as forests/swamps, that normally trap and reduce greenhouse gases also changes atmospheric composition and contributes to global warming.

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Communities that make their living off glaciers thorough farming and agriculture are forced to move to different regions as their source of food is lost.

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Low lying islands such as the Maldives are forced to evacuate as land is lost as sea levels rise as a result of melting ice sheets and glaciers

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As sea levels rise, seas creatures that dwell on the lower levels of the sea will be forces higher up where predators are more likely to live

Land that could be used for residential or agricultural purposes is lost to the sea

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Direct addition of heat to the atmosphere 

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Direct addition of heat to the atmosphere 

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Activities such as burning fossil fuels for electricity production, transportation, heating and cooling of residences and workplaces, ovens and household appliances.

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Flow chart of melting (reduced albedo and higher global warming= positive feedback loop)

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Flow chart of melting (reduced albedo and higher global warming= positive feedback loop)

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Increase global temperature
More sea ice melting
Reduction in albedo
Less radiation reflected
More absorbed by ocean and land