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The debate between 5G and WiFi 6 is fuelled by a previous generation of connectivity (3G and WiFi) where challenges and social trends were considerably different. The new era of networking allows 5G and WiFi 6 to be used in an enterprise environment collaboratively where the use of this technology complements one and other, and often work as an alternate or substitute to their respective counterparts. Future trends in social behaviour will drive cellular or WiFi progression where consumer demands are met by one technology or the other (Oughton, et al., 2021).

References

Oughton, E. J., Lehr, W., Katsaros, K., Selinis, I., Bubley, D., & Kusuma, J. (2021). Revisiting Wireless Internet Connectivity: 5G vs Wi-Fi 6. Telecommunications Policy, Volume 45, Issue 5.

Link:

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030859612100032X

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Highlights

*

Evaluates 5G and Wi-Fi 6: The two main next generation wireless broadband technologies.

*

5G and Wi-Fi 6 are more complementary, than competitors.

*

Regulatory policies that favour one technology over another need to be resisted.

*

Cellular will remain the dominant wide-area technology for wireless internet connectivity.

*

Wi-Fi will remain the dominant indoor technology for wireless internet connectivity.

Abstract

In recent years, significant attention has been directed toward the fifth generation of wireless broadband connectivity known as '5G', currently being deployed by Mobile Network Operators. Surprisingly, there has been considerably less attention paid to 'Wi-Fi 6', the new IEEE 802.1ax standard in the family of Wireless Local Area Network technologies with features targeting private, edge-networks. This paper revisits the suitability of cellular and Wi-Fi in delivering high-speed wireless Internet connectivity. Both technologies aspire to deliver significantly enhanced performance, enabling each to deliver much faster wireless broadband connectivity, and provide further support for the Internet of Things and Machine-to-Machine communications, positioning the two technologies as technical substitutes in many usage scenarios. We conclude that both are likely to play important roles in the future, and simultaneously serve as competitors and complements. We anticipate that 5G will remain the preferred technology for wide-area coverage, while Wi-Fi 6 will remain the preferred technology for indoor use, thanks to its much lower deployment costs. However, the traditional boundaries that differentiated earlier generations of cellular and Wi-Fi are blurring. Proponents of one technology may argue for the benefits of their chosen technology displacing the other, requesting regulatory policies that would serve to tilt the marketplace in their favour. We believe such efforts need to be resisted, and that both technologies have important roles to play in the marketplace, based on the needs of heterogeneous use cases. Both technologies should contribute to achieving the goal of providing affordable, reliable, and ubiquitously available high-capacity wireless broadband connectivity.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Revisiting Wireless Internet Connectivity: 5G vs Wi-Fi 6

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Evaluates 5G and Wi-Fi 6: The two main next generation wireless broadband technologies. * 5G and Wi-Fi 6 are more complementary, than competitors. * Regulatory policies that favour one technology over another need to be resisted. * Cellular will remain the dominant wide-area technology for wireless internet connectivity.

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WiFi6

Wi-Fi technology has only a few different frequency channels that may be utilized by neighboring Basic Service Sets (BSSs). When multiple access points are close to each other, the BSSs are overlapping. As a consequence, a transmitting node blocks other transmissions in its BSS and in other BSSs with the same channel, which makes frequency reuse difficult [20].

Wi-Fi 6 utilizes the concept of BSS coloring from IEEE 802.11ah to indicate the BSS in the packet header. A node takes advantage of this information to overhear transmissions of packets from other BSSs. As a result, a node may start a transmission if it estimates that it will not create a collision with ongoing transmissions that are part of another BSS. This improves SR in Wi-Fi 6 [21]. Section 5 explains the details of this feature.

5G

One fundamental technique of the 5G wireless communications is the use of spectrum at frequencies above 8 GHz. Previously cellular networks, including 1G, are operated at a frequency of 850 and 1,900 MHz [38]. 2G and 3G networks are then operated at additional frequency bands and spectrum around 2,100 MHz, and 4G technology is operated at additional frequency bands and spectrum around 600 MHz, 700 MHz, 1.7 GHz, 2.1 GHz, 2.3 GHz, and 2.5 GHz [39,40]. Currently, the range of frequencies extending from several hundred MHz to a few GHz is nearly fully occupied [4]. More frequencies are needed to allow increased capacity for mobile networks [41,42]. The only way forward is to make use of high frequency. The high radio frequency known as millimeter waves has been adopted in 5G allowing for a massive increase in transmission speeds [43,44].

References:

Andrews JG, Buzzi S, Choi W, Hanly SV, Lozano A, Soong ACK, et al. What will 5G be? IEEE J Select Areas Commun. 2014;32:1065–82.10.1109/JSAC.2014.2328098

Wi-Fi 6 Industry White Paper. Available online: https://e.huawei.com/en/products/enterprise-networking/wlan/wifi-6/industry-white-paper (accessed on 1 September 2022).

Šepić, N.; Kočan, E.; Veljović, Z.; Pejanović, M. Assessment of Novel Solutions for Throughput Enhancement in IEEE 802.11 ax Networks. In Proceedings of the 27th Telecommunications Forum (TELFOR), Belgrade, Serbia, 26–27 November 2019. [Google Scholar]

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Since the original debate regarding wireless broadband began between 3G and Wi-Fi almost twenty years ago, consumer device ownership patterns have shifted considerably (Oughton et al., 2021).

Oughton, E.J. et al. (2021) “Revisiting wireless internet connectivity: 5G vs Wi-Fi 6,” Telecommunications Policy, 45(5), p. 102127. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2021.102127.

# data[].attributes.headline
Valuation of digital goods during the coronavirus outbreak, wang et al

# data[].attributes.subject
Valuation of digital goods during the coronavirus outbreak, wang et al

# data[].attributes.body
Both technologies aspire to deliver significantly enhanced
performance, enabling each to deliver much faster wireless broadband connectivity, and provide
further support for the Internet of Things and Machine-to-Machine communications, positioning
the two technologies as technical substitutes in many usage scenario

# data[].attributes.body
WiFi 6E has overall better latency and value proposition over 5G, but 5G, in a private setting can often have much faster speeds than what WiFi 6E can offer.
With the major growth in the amount of internet connected households and devices, a joint between the two technologies would be the best standpoint, but as more households are slowly switching to cellular only, improvements within the mobile networking front (4G->5G) would likely be better received and more thoroughly utilized.

https://arxiv.org/pdf/2301.01600.pdf
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=9925965
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2021.102127

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030859612100032X#sec4

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Highlights

*

Evaluates 5G and Wi-Fi 6: The two main next generation wireless broadband technologies.

*

5G and Wi-Fi 6 are more complementary, than competitors.

*

Regulatory policies that favour one technology over another need to be resisted.

*

Cellular will remain the dominant wide-area technology for wireless internet connectivity.

*

Wi-Fi will remain the dominant indoor technology for wireless internet connectivity.

Abstract

In recent years, significant attention has been directed toward the fifth generation of wireless broadband connectivity known as '5G', currently being deployed by Mobile Network Operators. Surprisingly, there has been considerably less attention paid to 'Wi-Fi 6', the new IEEE 802.1ax standard in the family of Wireless Local Area Network technologies with features targeting private, edge-networks. This paper revisits the suitability of cellular and Wi-Fi in delivering high-speed wireless Internet connectivity. Both technologies aspire to deliver significantly enhanced performance, enabling each to deliver much faster wireless broadband connectivity, and provide further support for the Internet of Things and Machine-to-Machine communications, positioning the two technologies as technical substitutes in many usage scenarios. We conclude that both are likely to play important roles in the future, and simultaneously serve as competitors and complements. We anticipate that 5G will remain the preferred technology for wide-area coverage, while Wi-Fi 6 will remain the preferred technology for indoor use, thanks to its much lower deployment costs. However, the traditional boundaries that differentiated earlier generations of cellular and Wi-Fi are blurring. Proponents of one technology may argue for the benefits of their chosen technology displacing the other, requesting regulatory policies that would serve to tilt the marketplace in their favour. We believe such efforts need to be resisted, and that both technologies have important roles to play in the marketplace, based on the needs of heterogeneous use cases. Both technologies should contribute to achieving the goal of providing affordable, reliable, and ubiquitously available high-capacity wireless broadband connectivity.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Revisiting Wireless Internet Connectivity: 5G vs Wi-Fi 6

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Evaluates 5G and Wi-Fi 6: The two main next generation wireless broadband technologies. * 5G and Wi-Fi 6 are more complementary, than competitors. * Regulatory policies that favour one technology over another need to be resisted. * Cellular will remain the dominant wide-area technology for wireless internet connectivity.

# data[].attributes.body
Cellular will remain the dominant wide-area technology for wireless internet connectivity. Wi-Fi will remain the dominant indoor technology for wireless internet connectivity. (Oughton, et al., 2021)

Oughton, E. J. et al., 2021. Revisiting Wireless Internet Connectivity: 5G vs Wi-Fi 6. Telecommunications Policy, 45(5).

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The previous competition between 3G/4G and Wi-Fi was formed by the challenges faced by the networks of that time. The development of connectivity and data transfer has heavily shifted and become much more important since the COVID-19 pandemic, as it saw the rapid increase of the need for people to be able to work remotely. This meant that, data transfer has become much more important, which is what the new 5G technology is focusing on more than previous technologies.

On the other hand, Wi-Fi is continuing to develop in order to gain super-fast connection speeds for a small area and target the general everyday household use, whilst 5G is trying to improve the connectivity on a larger scaled area so people are able to roam around and still be connected. Both technologies complement each other and work the best in their set environments and cannot fairly compare based on specific needs.

Oughton, E., Lehr, W., Katsaros, K., Selinis, I., Bubley, D. and Kusuma, J. (2021) 'Revisiting Wireless Internet Connectivity: 5G vs Wi-Fi 6', Telecommunications Policy, pp. 1-15. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2021.102127

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LTE Licensed Assisted Access (LTE-LAA) has addressed the coexistence challenges by incorporating similar sensing & back off features, the fair and efficient standards set should be considered a benchmark. However, this will require cooperation between other standardization groups to develop coexistence methodologies lead by research.  (Sathya, et al., 2020)

Sathya, V. et al., 2020. Standardization Advances for Cellular and Wi-Fi Coexistence in the Unlicensed 5 and 6 GHz Bands. GetMobile: Mobile Computing & Communications, 24(1), pp. 5-15.

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a complement solution of 5G/WiFi-6
coexistence is proposed to make both technologies
complement each other in providing a better
quality of service for the end-user concerning a
higher speed, low latency, and higher capacity.
The idea being that 5g will complement WiFi 6 with the inner circle being covered by WiFi 6 and the outer circle being covered by 5g to give the end user the best possible seamless experience.

Aymen Zreikat(2020)Performance Evaluation of 5G/WiFi-6 Coexistence
available at https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Aymen-Zreikat/publication/347327828_Performance_Evaluation_of_5GWiFi-6_Coexistence/links/5fdb6d45299bf14088192945/Performance-Evaluation-of-5G-WiFi-6-Coexistence.pdf accessed 16/2/2023