# data[].attributes.body
Salah satu sebab yang menjadikan Singapura sebuah negara yang ideal untuk didiami ialah kadar jenayah yang rendah di dalam negara ini. Singapura mempunyai reputasi sebagai salah satu negara yang paling selamat di dunia. Ini disokong oleh statistik jenayah yang diumumkan oleh pihak polis dari masa ke masa. Antara sebab kadar jenayah yang rendah di Singapura ialah hukuman berat yang diberikan ke atas para pesalah. Contohnya, sesiapa yang didapati bersalah membuang sampah sembarangan akan dikenakan denda ratusan dolar. Pesalah vandalisme pula boleh menghadapi hukuman rotan. Malah, undang-undang yang tegas sebegini membuat Singapura terkenal di dunia. Baru-baru ini, warga dunia sibuk mempersoalkan hukuman gantung sampai mati yang dimandatkan oleh pemerintah Singapura bagi mereka yang didapati menyeludup dadah. Ternyata, usaha pemerintah yang bersikap tegas dalam menangani kadar jenayah menjadikan Singapura sebuah negara yang selamat dan ideal untuk didiami.

# data[].attributes.body
https://ms.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masakan_Singapura

# data[].attributes.body
Pendirian: Tidak setuju.
Sebut sahaja nama Singapura, ramai yang akan mengaitkan Singapura dengan gelaran yang berprestij - negara yang mempunyai kadar jenayah yang rendah, sistem pendidikan dan perubatan bertaraf antarabangsa, lapangan terbang terbaik di dunia dan banyak lagi. Oleh itu, ada yang menganggap Singapura sebagai tempat yang ideal untuk didiami. Namun, tidak dapat dinafikan bahawa ada yang berpendapat sebaliknya. Jika kita melungsuri Internet, terdapat artikel-artikel yang mengetengahkan perkara-perkara yang buruk atau tidak bagus tentang Singapura. Ternyata, melalui artikel-artikel tersebut, kita boleh merumuskan bahawa Singapura bukanlah tempat yang ideal untuk didiami disebabkan beberapa aspek. Oleh itu, di dalam karangan ini, saya akan membincangkan perkara-perkara yang menjadikan Singapura tempat yang tidak begitu ideal untuk didiami.

Pendirian: Setuju.
Sebut sahaja nama Singapura, ramai yang akan mengaitkan Singapura dengan pelbagai gelaran yang berprestij - negara yang mempunyai kadar jenayah yang rendah, sistem pendidikan dan perubatan bertaraf antarabangsa, lapangan terbang terbaik di dunia dan banyak lagi. Malah, melalui artikel-artikel yang boleh dibaca melalui berita dan Internet, kita boleh merumuskan bahawa Singapura merupakan sebuah negara yang boleh dibanggakan oleh rakyatnya. Maka, tidak menghairankan jika ramai yang menganggap Singapura sebagai tempat yang ideal untuk didiami.  Oleh itu, di dalam karangan ini, saya akan membincangkan perkara-perkara yang menjadikan Singapura tempat yang ideal untuk didiami.

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.bbc.com/news/education-38212070

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Singapore has the highest achieving students in international education rankings, with its teenagers coming top in tests in maths, reading and science.

The influential Pisa rankings, run by the OECD, are based on tests taken by 15-year-olds in more than 70 countries.

The UK remains a middle-ranking performer - behind countries such as Japan, Estonia, Finland and Vietnam.

OECD education director Andreas Schleicher said Singapore was "not only doing well, but getting further ahead".

Singapore, named as the top rated country for maths and science in another ranking last week, is in first place in all the Pisa test subjects, ahead of school systems across Asia, Europe, Australasia and North and South America.

What is Pisa? In three sentences

The Programme for International Student Assessment (Pisa) provides education rankings based on international tests taken by 15-year-olds in maths, reading and science.

The tests, run by the OECD and taken every three years, have become increasingly influential on politicians who see their countries and their policies being measured against these global school league tables.

Asian countries continue to dominate, with Singapore rated as best, replacing Shanghai, which is now part of a combined entry for China.

Singapore has replaced Shanghai as the previous top-ranked education system - with Shanghai no longer appearing as a separate entry in these school rankings.

There had been debate over whether Shanghai was representative of school standards across China - and this year, for the first time, Shanghai is included in a wider figure for China, based on schools in four provinces.

This combined Chinese ranking is in the top 10 for maths and science, but does not make the top 20 for reading.

Hong Kong and Macao also appear among the high-achieving education systems.

The US has again failed to make progress.

"We're losing ground - a troubling prospect when, in today's knowledge-based economy, the best jobs can go anywhere in the world,'' said the US Education Secretary, John King.

Asian countries on top

Asian education systems dominate the upper reaches of the these results tables - accounting for the top seven places for maths, with Singapore followed by Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, Japan, China and South Korea.

Finland, Estonia, Canada and Ireland are the only non-Asian nations to get into any of the top five rankings across all three subjects.

Mr Schleicher said that Asian countries such as Singapore managed to achieve excellence without wide differences between children from wealthy and disadvantaged families.

He described Vietnam's progress as "quite remarkable", coming ahead of Germany and Switzerland in science - and ahead of the US in science and maths.

Among South American countries, Mr Schleicher highlighted the improvements in Peru and Colombia.

But the UK has failed to make any substantial improvement - despite education ministers in England making the Pisa rankings an important measurement of progress.

In maths, the UK is ranked 27th, slipping down a place from three years ago, the lowest since it began participating in the Pisa tests in 2000

In reading, the UK is ranked 22nd, up from 23rd, having fallen out of the top 20 in 2006

The UK's most successful subject is science, up from 21st to 15th place - the highest placing since 2006, although the test score has declined

Within the UK, Wales had the lowest results at every subject.

Education Secretary Kirsty Williams said: "We can all agree we are not yet where we want to be."

But she said that "hard work is underway" to make improvements in Wales - and that it was important to "stay the course".

Scotland trails behind England and Northern Ireland - recording its worst results in these Pisa rankings.

Deputy First Minister John Swinney said the "results underline the case for radical reform of Scotland's education system".

England had the strongest results in the UK, but compared with previous years, Mr Schleicher said "performance hasn't moved at all".

The OECD education chief highlighted concerns about the impact of teacher shortages - saying that an education system could never exceed the quality of its teachers.

"There is clearly a perceived shortage," he said, warning that head teachers saw a teacher shortage as "a major bottleneck" to raising standards.

So why is Singapore so successful at education?

Singapore only became an independent country in 1965.

And while in the UK the Beatles were singing We Can Work It Out, in Singapore they were really having to work it out, as this new nation had a poor, unskilled, mostly illiterate workforce.

The small Asian country focused relentlessly on education as a way of developing its economy and raising living standards.

And from being among the world's poorest, with a mix of ethnicities, religions and languages, Singapore has overtaken the wealthiest countries in Europe, North America and Asia to become the number one in education.

Prof Sing Kong Lee, vice-president of Nanyang Technological University, which houses Singapore's National Institute of Education, said a key factor had been the standard of teaching.

"Singapore invested heavily in a quality teaching force - to raise up the prestige and status of teaching and to attract the best graduates," said Prof Lee.

The country recruits its teachers from the top 5% of graduates in a system that is highly centralised.

All teachers are trained at the National Institute of Education, and Prof Lee said this single route ensured quality control and that all new teachers could "confidently go through to the classroom".

This had to be a consistent, long-term approach, sustained over decades, said Prof Lee.

Education was an "eco-system", he said, and "you can't change one part in isolation".

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Pisa tests: Singapore top in global education rankings

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Singapore has the highest achieving students in international education rankings, with its teenagers coming top in tests in maths, reading and science.

# data[].attributes.body
https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/education-rankings-by-country

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
"Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world." - Nelson Mandela

While education levels vary from country to country, there is a clear correlation between the quality of a country's educational system and its general economic status and overall well-being. In general, developing nations tend to offer their citizens a higher quality of education than the least developed nations do, and fully developed nations offer the best quality of education of all. Education is clearly a vital contributor to any country's overall health.

According to the Global Partnership for Education, education is considered to be a human right and plays a crucial role in human, social, and economic development. Education promotes gender equality, fosters peace, and increases a person's chances of having more and better life and career opportunities.

The annual Best Countries Report, conducted by US News and World Report, BAV Group, and the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, reserves an entire section for education. The report surveys thousands of people across 78 countries, then ranks those countries based upon the survey's responses. The education portion of the survey compiles scores from three equally-weighted attributes: a well-developed public education system, would consider attending university there, and provides top-quality education. As of 2021, the top ten countries based on education rankings are:

Countries with the Best Educational Systems - 2021 Best Countries Report*

Ironically, despite the United States having the best-surveyed education system on the globe, U.S students consistently score lower in math and science than students from many other countries. According to a Business Insider report in 2018, the U.S. ranked 38th in math scores and 24th in science. Discussions about why the United States' education rankings have fallen by international standards over the past three decades frequently point out that government spending on education has failed to keep up with inflation.

It's also worthwhile to note that while the Best Countries study is certainly respectable, other studies use different methodologies or emphasize different criteria, which often leads to different results. For example, the Global Citizens for Human Rights' annual study measures ten levels of education from early childhood enrollment rates to adult literacy. Its final 2020 rankings look a bit different:

Countries with the Best Educational Systems - 2020 Global Citizens for Human Rights

Education Rates of Children Around the World

Most findings and ranking regarding education worldwide involve adult literacy rates and levels of education completed. However, some studies look at current students and their abilities in different subjects.

One of the most-reviewed studies regarding education around the world involved 470,000 fifteen-year-old students. Each student was administered tests in math, science, and reading similar to the SAT or ACT exams (standardized tests used for college admissions in the U.S.) These exam scores were later compiled to determine each country's average score for each of the three subjects. Based on this study, China received the highest scores, followed by Korea, Finland, Hong Kong, Singapore, Canada, New Zealand, Japan, Australia and the Netherlands.

On the down side, there are many nations whose educational systems are considered inadequate. This could be due to internal conflict, economic problems, or underfunded programs. The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization's Education for All Global Monitoring Report ranks the following countries as having the world's worst educational systems:

Countries with the Lowest-Ranked Educational Systems (and their estimated adult literacy rates)

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
"Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world." - Nelson Mandela While education levels vary from country to country, there is a clear correlation between the quality of a country's educational system and its general economic status and overall well-being.

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.statista.com/topics/5766/education-in-singapore/#topicHeader__wrapper

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
The Singapore education system

The education system is divided into three stages: primary, secondary, and post-secondary. Primary education, which typically lasts for six years, is compulsory for all children aged seven to 12. This culminates in the Primary School Leaving Examination (PSLE). The results of this nation-wide examination would determine whether a student can progress to secondary school, where they would sit for the General Certificate of Education (GCE) N-, or O-level examinations. Passing these examinations would allow students to move to post-secondary education, and they could either obtain a university entrance qualification or attend a technical vocational school. The mean years of schooling received by a Singaporean adult indicated that the majority have at least a secondary school qualification.

To ensure that the students receive adequate instruction and attention when in school, the ratio of teaching staff to students in primary schools as well as teacher-student ratios in secondary schools have decreased over the years. However, teaching in Singapore is a demanding calling, with many teachers working long hours and dealing with the dual stresses of both ensuring the academic performance of their students, as well as the ad hoc duties required of them for the extra-curricular activities such as student groups. The number of teachers in secondary schools and pre-university teachers, both deemed more demanding levels, have seen a decline over the years. Many teachers do not stay long in the profession, with the length of service for primary and secondary school teachers averaging between five to nine years.

The pressures of achieving academic excellence

The pressures of achieving academic excellence affect not just educators, but students as well. Learning does not stop once the school bell rings for the day - many Singaporean students are enrolled in after-school enrichment and tuition classes. While public education is affordable, private tuition can cost in the hundreds per hour of instruction. Private consumption expenditure on education in Singapore had been increasing over the years, and both students and parents alike view tuition as a necessity to succeed.

The educational system's emphasis on high achievement in exams places significant mental and emotional stress upon students. In response, MOE facilitated the deployment of school counselors to assist with such needs. The ministry is also tweaking the PSLE scoring system, to come into effect from 2021, and has stopped naming top scorers to reduce competitive pressure amongst students.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The education system is divided into three stages: primary, secondary, and post-secondary. Primary education, which typically lasts for six years, is compulsory for all children aged seven to 12. This culminates in the Primary School Leaving Examination (PSLE).

# data[].attributes.body
Salah satu sebab yang menjadikan Singapura sebuah negara yang ideal untuk didiami ialah sistem pendidikannya yang sering mendapat pengiktirafan di mata dunia.

# data[].attributes.body
Setiap tahun, pemerintah Singapura memperuntukkan sejumlah wang yang besar bagi sektor pendidikan, menyusuli sektor pertahanan. Ini membuktikan komitmen pemerintah untuk memastikan Singapura mempunyai sistem pendidikan yang bertaraf antarabangsa. Singapura merupakan sebuah negara yang tidak memiliki sumber asli. Oleh itu, kita bergantung kepada sumber manusia yang seharusnya memiliki kemahiran agar Singapura dapat terus bersaing di mata dunia. Maka, tidak menghairankan, pemerintah menitikberatkan perubahan dan kemajuan dalam sistem pendidikannya agar sentiasa menghasilkan generasi pekerja yang kekal relevan dalam dunia yang sering berubah. Dengan adanya sistem pendidikan yang begitu baik, ramai juga warga asing yang menghantar anak-anak mereka ke Singapura untuk mengikuti pendidikan yang menjanjikan sijil yang diiktiraf di seluruh dunia.

# data[].attributes.body
Contohnya, pada tahun 2016, berdasarkan kajian PISA iaitu sebuah program antarabangsa yang menilai pelajar-pelajar 15 tahun dalam kemahiran membaca, matematik, ilmu sains dan kemahiran berdepan dengan cabaran, Singapura diletakkan pada status tertinggi bagi subjek matematik dan sains. Ini menjadikan Singapura sebuah destinasi pendidikan pilihan ibu bapa untuk anak-anak mereka.

# data[].attributes.body
Ternyata, sebagai sebuah negara yang memiliki sistem pendidikan yang baik, Singapura menjadi tempat yang ideal untuk didiami.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
In 2021, the number of crimes committed in Singapore for every 100,000 individuals was 847. This was a ten-year high, and mostly due to the increase in commercial crime cases.

Low crime rates in Singapore

Singapore has a reputation for being one of the safest cities in the world. Violent crime in Singapore is rare - as of 2021, such crimes accounted for nine per 100 thousand population. One reason for this could be the harsh penalties for offenders, as well as a strict ban on weapons for those not in law enforcement. Singapore still carries out capital punishment for crimes such as murder and the illegal possession of firearms carry the death penalty.

Increase in commercial crime

The most common type of crime committed in Singapore were commercial crimes, especially scams. As Singaporeans carry out more aspects of everyday life online, so too are criminals looking to take advantage of unsuspecting victims. In 2021, scams involving e-commerce transactions were the most common of such crimes. These typically involve the fraudulent sale of products on C2C commercial sites, which are harder to track. Such scams, however, usually involve smaller amounts of money, unlike investment scams. These involve targeting individuals and tricking them into wiring large sums of money for supposed financial investments. In 2021, individuals in Singapore who fell victim to such scams were cheated out of around 191 million Singapore dollars.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
In 2021, the number of crimes committed in Singapore for every 100,000 individuals was 847. This was a ten-year high, and mostly due to the increase in commercial crime cases. Singapore has a reputation for being one of the safest cities in the world.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Belajar Jadi Negara Bersih ala Singapura

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Singapura menjadi "oasis dunia pertama di kawasan dunia ketiga" dan menyabet salah satu penghargaan sebagai negara terbersih di dunia. #userstory

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.csc.gov.sg/articles/integrity-fundamentals-for-singapore%27s-governance-success

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.cnbc.com/2018/01/16/singapores-crime-rate-is-so-low-that-many-shops-dont-even-lock-up.html

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Singapore was recently ranked second on the Economist Intelligence Unit's Safe Cities Index for 2017, coming in just behind Tokyo.

In 2016, the island nation's police reported 135 total days without any crimes including snatch-theft, house break-ins and robbery. That low crime rate means many small businesses enjoy little concern about shoplifting.

In fact, as CNBC recently observed, many local businesses take few precautions when closing shop at night.

For instance, in the ground floor lobby of a mixed-use building in the downtown business district, many shops don't have windows, locks - or even doors.

A Starbucks located in Raffles Place, one of Singapore's busiest underground train stations has no formal doors. Rather, a small rope indicates when the store is closed, and merchandise is all still displayed and within an arm's length of commuters.

But of course, surveillance is highly prevalent in the city-state, which boasts about 5.5 million people.

Last year, Singapore's police force announced an initiative, PolCam 2.0, in which it will roll out tens of thousands of additional surveillance cameras. In it's first initiative in 2012, the Police installed more than 62,000 cameras.

To view this site, you need to have JavaScript enabled in your browser, and either the Flash Plugin or an HTML5-Video enabled browser. Download the latest Flash player and try again.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Singapore's crime rate is so low that many shops don't even lock up

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Singapore was recently ranked second on the Economist Intelligence Unit's Safe Cities Index for 2017, coming in just behind Tokyo. In 2016, the island nation's police reported 135 total days without any crimes including snatch-theft, house break-ins and robbery. That low crime rate means many small businesses enjoy little concern about shoplifting.

# data[].attributes.body
https://vovworld.vn/id-ID/rumah-asean/singapura-kota-yang-hijau-bersih-dan-indah-80325.vov

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
(VOVworld) - Lingkungan perkotaan yang hijau, bersih dan indah serta sistem perhubungan modern menjadi masalah yang mendapat perhatian istimewa pemerintah banyak negara. Hal ini tidak hanya mendatangkan kualitas kehidupan kepada rakyat di daerah perkotaan saja, melainkan juga berpengaruh sangat besar terhadap perekonomian negara-nya, khususnya mendatangkan pertumbuhan yang melompat kepada cabang pariwisata. Marilah saudara-saudara datang berkunjung di Singapura - negeri yang dinamakan: Negeri pulau yang paling hijau, bersih, indah di Asia dan adalah termasuk Topten di dunia melalui reportase yang berjudul: Singapura- kota yang hijau, bersih dan indah.

Gedung-gedung bersusun tinggi di Singapura disamping pohon-pohon hijau.
( Foto: tourdulichsingapore.com)

Dengan luas keseluruhan 647 kilometer persegi, jumlah penduduknya lebih dari tiga juta jiwa, Singapura adalah satu negara multi etnis, diantaranya ada 76,8 persen orang Tionghoa, 13,9 persen orang Melayu, sisanya adalah orang India, Pakistan, Srilangka dan keturunan negara-negara lain. Negeri pulau yang dinamis dan kecil di Asia Tenggara ini adalah simbol dari inti sari kedua kebudayaan Timur dan Barat. Meksipun luasnya sempit, tetapi kota ini dirancang secara sangat rasional, dari pusat perdagangan yang ramai, dari kebun-kebun yang tenang tenteram sampai gedung-gedung bersusun yang menjulang tinggi dengan campuran yang harmonis antara kebudayaan, multietnis, seni dan arsitektur barat. Dimanapun di negara kepulauan ini, baik dari Bandara, jembatan, layang gedung-gedung, bahkan sampai WC publik pun juga ditanami pohon hijau dan bunga yang bersemarak berwarna-warni, bahkan di atap gedung dari beton bertulang baja pun dihias dengan pohon hijau. Hal ini karena ada tekat yang tidak kecil dari pemerintah Singapura melalui kebijakan-kebijakan manajemen, pengawasan lingkungan, menganggap pelestarian lingkungan ekologi sebagai tugas strategis dalam kebijakan pengembangan sosial-ekonomi Singapura.

Sistem lalu lintas di Singapura sangat modern.
( Foto: chudu24.com)

Pemerintah negara ini telah mengambil banyak kebijakan manajemen, pengawasan lingkungan, menganggap pelestarian lingkungan ekologi sebagai satu tugas strategi dalam kebijakan pengambangan sosial-ekonomi Tanah Air. Pemerintah Singapura telah mengambil banyak langkah untuk mengawasi dan melestarikan lingkungan, diantaranya Undang-Undang tentang lingkungan adalah instrumen yang paling efektif untuk menjamin kebersihan, keindahan lingkungan Singapura. Justru karena suasana segar di Singapura itulah yang telah membawa negeri ini setiap tahun menyerap jumlah wisatawan yang melampaui jauh jumlah penduduk negaranya. Datang dari manapun, semua wisatawan mempunyai kesan-kesan baik tentang lingkungan dan kesedaran melestarikan lingkungan dari rakyat negara kepulauan ini. Setelah berkunjung di Singapura akhir-akhir ini, saudara Pham Minh Anh, mahasiswa Akademi Journalist dan Komunikasi Hanoi memberitahukan bahwa " Di Singapura, semua pelanggaran seperti merokok di tempat umum, melemparkan sampah semau-maunya, melanggar ketentuan lalu lintas... semuanya kenai denda berat. Rakyat di sini dengan serius mematuhi semua ketentuan tentang melestarikan lingkungan. Mereka selalu mempunyai kesedaran membagikan jenis sampah di masing-masing tas yang sudah ditetapkan untuk menciptakan syarat yang kondusif dalam melakukan daur ulang. Selama sepekan berada di Singapura, saya telah berjalan-jalan di banyak jalan, tetapi sulit melihat polisi di jalan-jalan,tapi rakyat hidup dengan penuh kesedaran."

Lambang Singapura yalah Singa berekor ikan.
( Foto: dulichanz.com)

Selain faktor lingkungan yang hijau dan bersih, sistem lalu lintas di negeri pulau ini dinilai paling baik di dunia tentang kepaltrisan dan kemodernannya. Di Singapura ada banyak ragam kendaraan umum, tapi kebanyakan yalah bis dan sistem metro. Karena tanahnya sempit, maka pemerintahan Singapura mengambil langkah-langkah khusus untuk menghindari kemacetan lalu lintas, misalnya membentuk " zona-zona lalu lintas terbatas", terus menurunkan kepemilikan mobil baru dengan cara memungut pajak tinggi terhadap impor mobil dan pemakai mobil juga harus membayar biaya bepergian di highway dan daerah sentral Oleh karena itu, para wisatawan ketika datang berjkunjung di negeri ini semuanya merasa tenang dan kondusif ketika menguak hal-hal baru , berbelanja di semua jalan dan tidak khawatir akan polusi atau keselamatan lalu lintas. Kevil, wisatawan Brunei Darusalam memberitahukan:" Jaringan lalu lintas publik di Singapura sungguh ideal, di semua stasion bis dan jalan, tidak ada situasi parking \yang sembarangan dan rakyat tidak harus menderita obsesi akan polusi atau kemacetan lalu lintas. Semua kendaraan berjalan dengan kecepatan lebih dari 40 kilometer per satu jam saja, khususnya mereka mematuhi dengan baik ketentuan tentang keselamatan lalu lintas. Saya merasa tenang ketika menjadi pelaku lalu lintas di kota ini".

Satu tempat peristirahatan di Singapura.
( Foto: dulich-singapore.com)

Lingkungan yang hijau dan bersih, satu sistem perhubungan yang kondusif dan modern di Singapura menjadi target yang ditujukan oleh banyak kota, khususnya beberapa negara ASEAN. Akan tetapi untuk mencapai hal itu, selain ketentuan hukum yang keras dari pemerintah, maka kesedaran rakyat adalah faktor yang memberikan sumbangan tidak kecil kepada keberhasilan ini. Mudah-mudahan, dengan konektivitas erat dan bagi pengalaman antara negaera-negara ASEAN, pada waktu yang tidak jauh lagi lingkungan perkotaan di semua negara ASEAN akan berubah menurut arah positif, mendatangkan kualitas kehidupan yang lebih baik kepada rakyat./.

Anh Dao

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Singapura- kota yang hijau, bersih dan indah.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
(VOVworld) - Lingkungan perkotaan yang hijau, bersih dan indah serta sistem perhubungan modern menjadi masalah yang mendapat perhatian istimewa pemerintah banyak negara. Hal ini tidak hanya mendatangkan kualitas kehidupan kepada rakyat di daerah perkotaan saja, melainkan juga berpengaruh sangat besar terhadap perekonomian negara-nya, khususnya mendatangkan pertumbuhan yang melompat kepada cabang pariwisata.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
7 Reasons Why Singapore's Crime Rate is so Low

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Talk about Singapore and their crime rate will almost always be mentioned. Unlike other countries, including those nearby, the crime rate in Singapore is so low that the country is considered one of the safest in the world.

# data[].attributes.body
Salah satu sebab yang menjadikan Singapura sebuah negara yang ideal untuk didiami ialah Singapura merupakan sebuah syurga makanan.

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.mindef.gov.sg/web/portal/mindef/defence-matters/defence-topic/defence-topic-detail/total-defence

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Total Defence involves every Singaporean playing a part, individually and collectively, to build a strong, secure and cohesive nation. When we are strong, we are able to deal with any crisis.

"A response where everyone plays a part"

As a small, multi-racial, multi-religious nation dependent on free trade to survive, and connected to the world by air, sea and the Internet, Singapore is inevitably affected by developments around the world in some way or another. Since its launch in 1984, Total Defence has rallied Singaporeans together in responding to challenges that threaten Singapore's independence and well-being, such as terrorism, SARS and economic downturns. The core message is that every Singaporean has a part to play to help strengthen our defences against these threats and challenges.

We now face new challenges from the digital domain that have no physical boundaries or battlefields. Cyberattacks, disinformation campaigns, and fake news are some of the ways that can now be used to divide and weaken us. We have thus added a sixth pillar of Digital Defence to the existing five pillars of Military, Civil, Economic, Social, Digital and Psychological Defence that explain the actions we can take to help us deal with the spectrum of military and non-military threats.
The 6 Pillars of Total Defence
Total Defence is our all-round response to threats and challenges and involves all Singaporeans in the following six aspects:
Military Defence
"A strong and formidable defence force made up of Regulars and National Servicemen, and supported by the entire nation."

For a small country like Singapore, Military Defence is about building a strong and formidable defence force that makes potential aggressors think twice before attacking us. That is deterrence at its best. And if that fails, we must be able to defend ourselves when attacked. The Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) depends on National Servicemen to augment its standing force of Regulars. Thus, the support of their families, employers, and the community is crucial to keep the SAF operationally ready. When the entire nation rallies behind the SAF, it gives strength to the nation and provides the security and peace we enjoy.

How can you put Military Defence into action?

Our soldiers, sailors and airmen do so by keeping fit, taking their training seriously, and staying operationally ready.

By being supportive of those who are doing their National Service or in-camp training (ICT), the public can encourage our National Servicemen and boost their morale.

Women can also contribute directly to Military Defence by joining the SAF, or serving with the SAF Volunteer Corps.

Civil Defence "The ability to spot signs of threats, respond effectively and recover quickly from crises."
When we are faced with a threat, or when a crisis hits us, the government agencies' top priority will be to spare no effort in dealing with the threat or responding to the crisis. But their resources will be strained and they cannot be everywhere all the time. Singaporeans - whether at the individual, organisation or community level - must pitch in to help and be able to take care of themselves. We can be alert to signs of threats and, when a crisis occurs, we can be effective first responders, helping one another regardless of race, religion, or self-interest. It also helps when we know whom to call, where to go, and what to do in an emergency. All this helps us bounce back quickly as one people, confident and strong. This is what a strong Civil Defence means.

How can you put Civil Defence into action?

Read up on what to do in an emergency, and participate actively in Civil Defence exercises, be it water/food rationing or community emergency preparedness exercises.

Pick up life-saving skills such as first aid, CPR, AED, or fire-fighting.

By being vigilant and looking out for suspicious persons or activities.

Economic Defence "A strong and resilient economy that is globally competitive and able to bounce back from any crises."
Economic Defence is about strengthening the competitiveness and attractiveness of Singapore's economy so that we are special and relevant to the world. Only then can we survive and succeed. Economic Defence is also about keeping our economy strong and resilient, enabling it to carry on and recover quickly should we be confronted by any challenge or crisis in the future, such as a global downturn or economic strangulation that could shake investor confidence in Singapore.

How do you put Economic Defence into action?

Embrace lifelong learning and continual skills upgrading to adapt to the changing needs of the economy.

Save, invest wisely, and spend within your means. Be prepared to ride through times of economic uncertainty.

Conserve energy and water, and adopt environmentally-friendly practices.

Social Defence
"The bonds that unite us, built on trust and understanding among people of different races and religions, living in harmony and looking out for one another."

In a multiracial, multi-religious and multi-cultural society like Singapore, peace and progress is possible only if Singaporeans of all races and religions live together in harmony and look out for one another. It requires constant effort to build understanding and trust among different communities and to ensure that potential sources of misunderstanding and insensitivity are nipped in the bud quickly. This is Social Defence - everyone making an effort to trust one another and to strengthen the bonds across the different ethnic groups so that we are strong and united especially during times of national challenges.

How do you put Social Defence into action?

Looking out for and helping the less fortunate and underprivileged among us.
"Being secure, alert and responsible online."
As Singapore works towards being a Smart Nation, digital technology will pervade all aspects of how we live, work, and play. Singapore will be one of the most technologically advanced, open and connected nations in the world. While the digital revolution presents opportunities for Singapore, it also makes us vulnerable to threats from the digital domain. These threats will disrupt our way of life, and can also undermine our social cohesion and strike at the confidence and psychological resilience of our people. We therefore need to be able to respond to cyberattacks that target our networks and infrastructure, as well as threats that can be perpetrated through the digital domain such as fake news and deliberate online falsehoods. Singaporeans must recognise that every individual is the first line of defence against threats from the digital domain, so we can defend ourselves against such threats. We must build robust defences and have effective recovery plans to remain resilient even when things go wrong. This is what a strong Digital Defence means.

How do you put Digital Defence into action?

Be vigilant against fake news and the spread of deliberate online falsehoods.

Click here to see a simple infographic on Digital Defence.
"The will and resolve to defend our way of life and interests, and the fighting spirit to overcome challenges together."
Singapore's ability to overcome threats and challenges that come our way depends on the collective will of our people to defend our way of life, the resolve to stand up for Singapore when pressured by forces that undermine our national interests, and the fighting spirit to press on and overcome crises together. This is Psychological Defence.

This instinct is based upon a strong shared identity as Singaporeans, pride in our nation, and an understanding of what we must do to ensure our continued security, survival, and success.

How do you put Psychological Defence into action?

By understanding our history and the principles that helped Singapore succeed, and having a strong resolve to stay united and keep Singapore strong and special.

Total Defence has seen us through SARS, the fall-out from the 9/11 attacks and the economic crises of 1997 and 2008, and the haze in recent years. It has become a fundamental aspect of what makes us Singaporean and is shown in the things that we do on a daily basis - whether it is by fulfilling National Service duties, volunteering in Civil Defence activities, working hard and contributing to a strong economy, strengthening community ties with one another regardless of race and religion, or staying committed to defending the country.

Our work in Total Defence is unceasing. When we understand our part in Total Defence, we will continue to strengthen ourselves, our community, and our nation.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Total Defence involves every Singaporean playing a part, individually and collectively, to build a strong, secure and cohesive nation. When we are strong, we are able to deal with any crisis.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
- Kebersihan merupakan salah satu ciri khas Singapura. Namun rupanya, ada jalan panjang untuk mencapai hal tersebut.

Singapura yang selama ini dikenal akan kebersihannya rupanya menyimpan kisah perjuangan panjang di baliknya. Mereka harus melakukan kampanye, memberlakukan denda, hingga mempekerjakan 56 ribu tenaga kebersihan untuk jadi bersih.

Perjalanan Singapura untuk jadi bersih sudah dimulai sejak 1968, hanya tiga tahun setelah mereka merdeka pada 1965. Perdana menteri pertama sekaligus founding father Singapura, Lee Kuan Yew merupakan sosok di balik ambisi Singapura menjadi negara bersih dan hijau.

Usaha pertama Singapura itu dimulai dengan kampanye Keep Singapore Clean pada 1968. Nah, kampanye inilah yang menjadi cikal bakal diberlakukannya denda untuk yang membuang sampah sembarangan.

Foto: (iStock)

Kampanye terus berlanjut pada era 1970-1980an yang mewajibkan setiap toilet, pabrik, sampai pemberhentian bus tetap bersih. Selain itu di tahun 1976, Singapura juga meluncurkan kampanye 'Use Your Hands' yang mengajak seluruh siswa, guru, orangtua, kepala sekolah, dan pegawai negeri untuk membersihkan sekolah setiap akhir pekan. Melalui kampanye itu, mereka juga melakukan kegiatan menanam pohon.

Ternyata tujuan Lee Kuan Yew memberlakukan kampanye ini bukan hanya untuk menjaga negara tetap bersih. Lebih dari itu, ia memikirkan dampak penguatan ekonomi dari kegiatan yang ia inisiasi.

Dilansir dari BBC, Sabtu (9/11/2019), Lee Kuan Yew pernah mengatakan, "standar-standar ini akan menjaga moral tetap tinggi, tingkat penyakit rendah, dan dengan demikian akan menciptakan kondisi sosial yang diperlukan untuk pertumbuhan ekonomi yang lebih tinggi dalam industri dan pariwisata. Ini akan berkontribusi bagi publik dan pada akhirnya menguntungkan semua orang," ujarnya.

Usaha Lee Kuan Yew ini pun berbuah manis. Singapura menjadi destinasi favorit turis. Mereka berhasil menggaet 10 juta turis pada kuartal ketiga 2018. Investasi asing juga meningkat hingga USD 66 miliar atau setara dengan Rp 925 triliun pada 2017.

BACA JUGA: Bagaimana Singapura Menjadi 'Neraka' Para Perokok?

Namun usaha untuk membuat negara menjadi bersih, tak cukup hanya dengan kampanye. Seperti disebutkan sebelumnya, Singapura juga memberlakukan denda bagi pembuang sampah sembarangan. Denda minimal yang diberlakukan adalah USD 217 atau sekitar Rp 3 juta.

Selain buang sampah sembarangan, Singapura juga membuat aturan-aturan unik agar tetap bersih seperti melarang impor permen karet, membawa durian di kereta, sampai denda kalau tidak membilas toilet.

Kebersihan di Singapura rupanya juga disokong tenaga kebersihan yang mereka pekerjakan. Singapura yang saat ini semakin kaya, berani mempekerjakan puluhan ribu tenaga kebersihan dengan upah kecil. Ahli kesehatan publik, Liak Teng Lit mengatakan kalau bersihnya Singapura bukan semata karena denda tetapi ada sekumpulan pasukan tenaga kebersihan yang menjaga Singapura tetap bersih.

"Singapura bukan negara bersih tapi negara yang dibersihkan," katanya.

Foto: (iStock)

Saat ini ada 56 ribu tenaga kebersihan yang dipekerjakan National Environment Agency di Singapura. Selain itu, masih ada ribuan pekerja independen lain yang tak terigestrasi. Kebanyakan dari mereka adalah buruh dengan upah minim yang berasal dari luar negeri atau yang sudah tua.

Akan tetapi kebijakan ini justru menimbulkan masalah baru, dimana orang Singapura menjadi malas untuk menjaga kebersihannya sendiri. Sebagai contoh, ketika selesai makan, mereka meninggalkan meja yang dipenuhi sisa makanan karena mereka berpikir pasti akan ada tenaga kebersihan yang membereskan sisa makanan itu.

Lebih lanjut, anggota dari Komisi Pelayanan Publik, Edward D'Silva mengkritik kebijakan Singapura yang terlalu banyak menghabiskan uang untuk tenaga kebersihan. Ia mencontohkan untuk menjaga fasilitas umum tetap bersih, pemerintah mengeluarkan dana sebesar US$ 87 juta atau sekitar Rp 1,2 triliun.

"Jika kamu bisa menanamkan dan menumbuhkan kebiasaan orang untuk tidak membuang sampah sembarangan, kamu tidak perlu menghabiskan uang untuk membayar tenaga kebersihan, lebih baik uang jutaan dolar itu digunakan untuk bidang kesehatan dan pendidikan," katanya.

Melihat kondisi tersebut, salah satu anggota parlemen, Lee Bee Wah bersama dengan konstituennya melaksanakan hari bersih-bersih di Khatib. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk menumbuhkan kesadaran warga untuk ikut menjaga kebersihan. Mereka melaksanakan kegiatan ini minimal sekali setiap bulan dan dihadiri banyak konstituen.

Dalam kegiatan itu, mereka mengambil alih pekerjaan tenaga kebersihan. Tenaga kebersihan itu dibiarkan libur dan merekalah yang membersihkan kota.

Foto: (iStock)

Pada 2013 ketika kegiatan ini pertama kali dilakukan, mereka bisa mengumpulkan 1.430 kg sampah. Tahun ini jumlah sampah berkurang menjadi 292 kg. Jika Singapura terlalu banyak membayar petugas kebersihan dan warga Singapura terlalu malas untuk bersih-bersih sendiri, Lee Bee Wah membuktikan kalau hal itu bisa diatasi.

Hingga kini, kebersihan sudah mendarah daging dalam penduduk Singapura. Kebersihan adalah hal biasa bagi mereka di sana, yang tentu membuat turis jadi betah untuk datang dan datang liburan lagi.

Simak Video "VTL Ditangguhkan, Kini Masuk Singapura Wajib Karantina"
[Gambas:Video 20detik]
(aff/aff)

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Singapura 'Berdarah-darah' Menjadi Negara Bersih

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Kebersihan merupakan salah satu ciri khas Singapura. Namun rupanya, ada jalan panjang untuk mencapai hal tersebut. Singapura yang selama ini dikenal akan kebersihannya rupanya menyimpan kisah perjuangan panjang di baliknya. Mereka harus melakukan kampanye, memberlakukan denda, hingga mempekerjakan 56 ribu tenaga kebersihan untuk jadi bersih.

# data[].attributes.body
https://earthobservatory.sg/faq-on-earth-sciences/singapore-threatened-earthquakes

# data[].attributes.body
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singapore_Armed_Forces

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
The Singapore Armed Forces ( SAF) are the military services of the Republic of Singapore, responsible for its defence and national interests. A military component of the Ministry of Defence, it is one of the most capable, robust and technologically sophisticated militaries in Southeast Asia and the surrounding regions.[5] Since independence in 1965, the SAF has been involved in various operations, both within and outside of Singapore's borders. These include peacekeeping missions in India and Bangladesh, disaster relief operations in Indonesia and China. In recent years, the SAF has also taken on a more active role in counter-terrorism efforts both domestically and abroad.[6]

Singapore Armed Forces

(((Angkatan Ketenteraan Republik Singapura Malay)
新加坡共和国武装部队 Chinese)
சிங்கப்பூர் ஆயுதப்படைகள் Tamil)

Founded

9 August 1965; 56 years ago [1]

Current form

15 June 1972; 49 years ago [2]

Service branches

Headquarters
Singapore

President
Halimah Yacob

Minister for Defence
Ng Eng Hen

Chief of Defence Force

Lieutenant-General Melvyn Ong

Military age

17 with parental consent, 18 without and to serve in combat

Conscription

22-24 months[3]

Available for
military service

>1,255,902 males, age 18-49

Fit for
military service

>2,105,973 males, age 18-49

Reaching military
age annually

>52,466 males

Active personnel

71,000[3]

Reserve personnel

352,500[3]

Budget

S$15.36 billion (FY2021)[4]

Domestic suppliers

Foreign suppliers

History
Military history of Singapore

Ranks
Singapore Armed Forces ranks

The SAF consists of three branches: the Singapore Army, the Republic of Singapore Navy (RSN), the Republic of Singapore Air Force (RSAF). It plans to introduce the Digital and Intelligence Service (DIS) as a fourth service in the last quarter of 2022 to boost the country's cyberwarfare capability. The SAF protects the interests, sovereignty and territorial integrity of Singapore from external threats. The chief of Defence Force heads the armed forces and is appointed by the president of Singapore.

It has an approximate active strength of over 71,000 full-time personnel and is capable of mobilising over 352,500 reservists (also known as National Servicemen, or NSmen) in the event of national exigencies or a full-scale war. It also has a large pool of conscripts in the active and reserve forces, with about 50,000 reaching military age annually.

Singapore's military role stems from its strategic geographical location, an asset exploited by both local settlers and foreign colonists alike. Archaeological excavations have discovered remnants of fortresses and other forms of military fortifications in pre-colonial Singapore. Sir Stamford Raffles, founder of modern Singapore, chose Singapore in 1819 to establish a new British colony with the security concerns of the British in the Far East in mind against the Dutch. Thus, Singapore, which attained Crown Colony status, played an active role in British military interests for decades, particularly in the years leading up to the First and Second World Wars.

The Singapore Volunteer Rifle Corps (SVRC) was first created in 1854 as a private organisation, with the Governor as its first Colonel. It was later gazetted in 1857. However, participation in the SVRC was weak and it was disbanded on 16 December 1887 in favour of forming an artillery corps instead.[7] This was to be the Singapore Volunteer Artillery (SVA), which was formed in 1888 to operate the gun emplacements around Singapore,[7] and is also considered to be the predecessor of the artillery formation of the Singapore Armed Forces.[8] In 1901, additional non-artillery units were set up in, including a Chinese infantry company, Eurasian infantry company, and the Singapore Volunteer Engineers, leading to the force being renamed as the Singapore Volunteer Corps (SVC). It assisted in suppressing the 1915 Singapore Mutiny. In 1921, the SVC was combined with other volunteer forces from Malacca and Penang as the Straits Settlements Volunteer Force (SSVF).[7]

During World War II, the SSVF took part in the Battle of Singapore but most of its members were captured on 15 February 1942 when their positions were overrun by Japanese forces. After the end of the war, the SSVF was re-constituted in 1948, but the SVF was absorbed into the Singapore Military Forces (SMF, predecessor of the SAF) following the disbandment of the SSVF in 1954. Subsequently, in 1961, SMF was renamed to Singapore Armed Forces (SAF).

When Singapore achieved independence in 1965, its military consisted of only two infantry regiments, commanded by British officers and made up of mostly non-Singaporean residents. Britain pulled its military out of Singapore in October 1971, leaving behind only a small amount of British, Australian and New Zealand forces as a token military presence. The last of the British soldiers left Singapore in March 1976. The New Zealand troops were the last to leave Singapore, in 1989.[9]

Singapore believed that it needed a larger, capable yet economic-efficient defence force to protect and defend itself as it is surrounded by several larger neighbouring countries in the Southeast Asia region that are often hostile to them. At that time, Singapore enlisted the covert assistance of Israel, which sent its military advisers who helped Singapore set up a defence force modelled in part after the Israel Defense Forces.[10][11] Jungle warfare techniques were taught so that the Singaporean army could engage in combat conflict in the jungle areas of its neighbouring countries, if need be. The army also procured battle tanks from Israel, doing so before neighbouring Malaysia acquired theirs, thereby gaining an advantage.[10]

On 1 July 2018, Defence Minister Ng Eng Hen announced that the SAF would transition from its current third-generation technologies to fourth (next-gen) technologies by overhauling its current arsenal.[12]

On 27 February 2019, the office of Inspector-General of the Armed Forces was set up to ensure that safety protocols are applied and enforced throughout the military following the death of Aloysius Pang who was the fourth training related fatality in 18 months following 2017.[13]

Singapore has been described as "a military powerhouse with the best air force and navy in Southeast Asia".[14] Singapore's vast wealth allows it to acquire and make the best equipment available as well as incorporate high-end technological equipment into its nation military forces.[14] The SAF is also called "the most technologically advanced armed forces across the Association of Southeast Asian Nation states" - referring to ASEAN.[15]

A key recent example was Singapore's decision to acquire four Lockheed Martin's F-35B Joint Strike Fighters, which the United States approved, with the option to acquire a further eight more and beyond.[16][17] This acquisition is significant as "Singapore will fly the most advanced fleet of fighters in its region" which reflects its security relationship with the United States.[17] In addition, the F-35Bs have a significant impact to Singapore's air power since the land limited country no longer needs to depend on "long, vulnerable runways" to operate the aircraft due to the fifth-generation's fighter jet's short-takeoff-and-vertical landing capability.[16] The jet's advanced network-enabled capabilities would be additionally advantageous for Singapore which is seeking to modernise its military.[16] Furthermore, Singapore stands out from all the other countries in Southeast Asia with its technological sophistication and equipments that "operates at a very high level of capability" and are "all integrated into a single cohesive fighting force".[14]

Armed Forces Day is commemorated by the SAF annually on 1 July, with a parade held at the Singapore Armed Forces Military Institute or SAFTI.

Collapse of Hotel New World Edit

On 15 March 1986, the six-storey Hotel New World, a 15-year-old, one-star budget hotel situated at the junction of Serangoon Road and Owen Road collapsed. SAF soldiers aided in rescue operations, and had worked alongside members of the Singapore Civil Defence Force to remove the rubble. RSAF UH-1H helicopters were on standby at the nearby Farrer Park football field to evacuate rescued victims to the Singapore General Hospital.[18]

Singapore Airlines Flight 117 Edit

On 26 March 1991, Singapore Airlines Flight 117 was hijacked by four Pakistanis en route to Singapore. Upon landing in Changi Airport at 8:15 pm SGT, the hijackers demanded the release of several Pakistan Peoples Party members. Negotiations faltered, and after the hijackers gave their ultimatum to have their demands fulfilled at 6.15 am SGT of the following morning, commandos from SAF's Special Operations Force stormed the plane and shot all of the hijackers dead and rescued the hostages.[19]

During the SARS epidemic in 2003, SAF paramedics were deployed at Changi International Airport to screen incoming passengers from places hit by SARS such as Hong Kong, China, Hanoi and Toronto.[20] The SAF also deployed 220 servicemen with operations such as screening for SARS, contact tracing and enforcing home quarantine orders. The team also managed other major operations such as the quarantine of 1,500 staff from the Institute of Mental Health.[21]

During the COVID-19 outbreak in Singapore in 2020, over 1,500 SAF servicemen were called upon to pack 5.2 million masks, to be transported to distribution centers across Singapore in time for the start of distribution on 1 February 2020. Ministry of Defence personnel also ran the National Call Centre to address public queries on the collection of reusable masks, which were distributed in April 2020. Personnel manning the phone lines included volunteers from MINDEF and the SAF, as well as clan associations, grounded staff from Singapore Airlines, and other retrenched workers, who were employed by MINDEF on short term contracts.[22] The SAF also deployed manpower to assist in manning thermal imagery machines at the airport to pick out travellers with symptoms.[23][24]

In April 2020, Singapore experienced a dramatic spike in coronavirus infections, with thousands of new cases linked to clusters in foreign worker dormitories. To control the spread, the government attempted to isolate the dormitories, test workers and move symptomatic patients into quarantine facilities, known as community isolation facilities (CIF).

To aid in operations, MINDEF had also recruited former SAF regulars as the inter-agency task force handling the spike in cases from foreign worker dormitories had asked for "personnel with operational experience". They were to augment the Forward Assurance Support Teams (FAST) deployed at various foreign worker dormitories.[25]

Both regular and full-time national servicemen were deployed to provide healthcare services for patients at one of the CIFs set up in the Singapore EXPO halls.[26] These CIFs house recovering COVID-19 patients, as well as those with mild symptoms who do not require significant medical care. Other CIFs included D'Resort NTUC in Pasir Ris and the Changi Exhibition Centre.

The SAF also housed about 3,000 recovering migrant workers with COVID-19 in six military camps across Singapore. The Jurong, Bedok, Amoy Quee, Guillemard, Tanjong Gul and Lim Chu Kang camps had been converted into community recovery facilities (CRFs). Operational since 28 April 2020, the CRFs are for COVID-19 patients who remain well at Day 14 of the disease and do not require further medical care.[27]

Separately, more than 1,300 SAF personnel were also deployed to make calls to do contact tracing and check compliance with stay at home notices. These contact tracers worked with Ministry of Health officials to fill gaps in the activity maps of confirmed or suspected cases. Defence Science and Technology Agency Engineers also developed tools to automate the extraction and fusion of data for analysis. The contact tracers were reported to make between 1,000 and 2,000 calls a day.[28]

Deterrence and diplomacy have been the fundamental tenets of Singapore's military defence policy. Through the years, the military has developed extensive links with armed forces from other countries. In recent years, there has also been an increased emphasis on international peace-keeping and relief operations, notably the peace-keeping operations in Afghanistan, East Timor, the Persian Gulf and disaster relief in the Indian Ocean earthquake-tsunami of 2004, 2005 Nias earthquake and 2006 Yogyakarta earthquake in Central Java, Indonesia.

According to military and strategic analysts, such as Tim Huxley in Defending the Lion City,[29] Singapore is well poised to be using a forward-defence military doctrine. Singapore is, after all, a relatively small country of about 850 km ² (330 sq mi) and therefore lacks the hinterland for a defence in depth strategy. In historical news archives, there were also defence analogies used by Singapore founders that Singapore must be a poison shrimp and later, porcupine. Thenceforth, if a wartime military battle is to take place on the island of Singapore, the effects would be devastating to both the people and infrastructure. Press statements from Singapore's Ministry of Defence (MINDEF) describe the SAF as a deterrent force.[30] The SAF's declared mission statement is to "enhance Singapore's peace and security through deterrence and diplomacy, and should these fail, to secure a swift and decisive victory over the aggressor".[31]

Today, a career military force of 39,000 is supplemented by 46,800 men on active National Service duty, the latter generally filling up the lower ranks. This group of just over 80,000 officers and servicemen/women staffs the command structure, advises the government, manages the bases, teaches at the tri-service SAFTI Military Institute, flies the on-call jets, crews the ships on-patrol and stands watch over the straits. They comprise both the top command structure and what might be called the "Standing Forces" which can go into a humanitarian relief or combat situation instantly.[citation needed ] The main force actually comprises 400,000 or so Operationally-Ready National Servicemen (ORNSmen). This is the full mobilization force that can be called up within a few days. They are the 10-year ORNSmen with regular training and call-up cycles. Full sets of light equipment stands ready for them in armories and heavy equipment for their units is maintained in dedicated bunkers. Singapore is very high tech and individuals can be reached almost instantly; thus the system is highly flexible, so only the units and numbers needed for a particular task can be summoned. If called up they would be integrated into, augment and dramatically expand the "Standing Forces" up to five times its peacetime size, fully staffed and equipped, while maintaining a cohesive structure.[citation needed ]

The SAF's policy towards Malays, who share religious and ethnic ties with Singapore's largest neighbours, Malaysia and Indonesia, has been a source of controversy over the years. Malays were virtually excluded from conscription from the beginning of the draft in 1967 until 1977[32] and, after the policy was eased, were assigned mainly to serve in the police and civil defence (fire brigade), not active combat roles.[32] In 1987, BG(NS) Lee Hsien Loong (then Second Minister for Defence) stated that "If there is a conflict, if the SAF is called to defend the homeland, we do not want to put any of our soldiers in a difficult position where his emotions for the nation may be in conflict with his religion"[33] and in The Roar of the Lion City (2007), military analyst Sean Walsh claimed that "official discrimination against the Malay population remains an open secret".[34] The Ministry of Defence contests the charge, noting that there are "Malay pilots, commandos and air defence personnel" and stating that "the proportion of eligible Malays selected for specialist and officer training is similar to the proportion for eligible non-Malays."[35]

Women are exempt from full-time National Service, but can sign on as a career regular soldier in both combat and non-combat roles, some as combat officers, but mostly in clerical and logistic positions in the earlier years.[36] The range of positions available to women has been expanded gradually, with some exceptions in vocations.[34] In July 2007, the SAF held an exhibition highlighting the contributions of women in the armed forces.[37] Annual women career seminars are conducted to inform Singaporean women of careers in the SAF facing competitive factors in the labour force. In recent years, some women have taken higher positions, such as BG Gan Siow Huang, who is the highest ranking female officer and the first female General in the SAF.[38]

In 2014, a governmental Committee to Strengthening NS (CSNS) decided to establish a SAF Volunteer Corps (SAFVC).[39] This will enable women, first generation Permanent Residents and new citizens to contribute to national defence and strengthen support for NS. The volunteers will undergo a four-week course to gain basic military skills and values. They will be orientated to their operational and professional roles in the SAFVC.[40]

Under the Enlistment Act 1970, conscription is mandatory for all "persons subject to [the] act", defined as those who are not less than 16 years and 6 months of age and not more than 40 years of age, with some exemptions and with no specific bias to gender (not limited to males).[41] In practice however, it is only compulsory for all fit and able-bodied Singaporean men who have reached 18 years of age, and are not deferred for certain reasons, to be conscripted in military service, or Full-time National Service (NSF).

NS was initially three years for commissioned officers and two years for other ranks, but it was later revised to two years and six months for soldiers with the rank of Corporal and above, and two years for those with the rank of Lance Corporal or lower. In June 2004, a major announcement review was conducted to NS was shortened to two years for all Full-time National Servicemen (NSFs), regardless of rank, due to changes in population demographics, manpower requirements and technological advancements. Combat fit NSFs (PES A/B1) who obtain a silver or gold standard in the NAPFA test will have another two months reduction, serving 22 months of NS effectively. Upon completion of their NSF stint, servicemen will be considered as having reached their Operationally-ready Date (ORD) and will be known as Operationally-ready National Servicemen (NSmen). Almost all NSmen will have to go through a 10-year reservist cycle of military training with their assigned unit deployment. Almost all NSmen are obliged to be called up annually for a maximum of 40 days per workyear for national duties, refresher trainings, mobilisations, upgrading courses and physical fitness tests and conditioning, depending on their NS unit deployment.[42]

Prior to enlistment, pre-enlistees (recruits) are required to attend a medical examination ( PULHHEEMS) to determine their medical status to assess vocational suitability postings. They will then be issued a "Physical Employment Status" (PES), which will be used as a guideline to determine for which vocation groupings they are deemed suitable.

PES A and PES B1 (combat-fit) recruits go through a nine-week Basic Military Training (BMT) program, held at the Basic Military Training Centre (BMTC) on the offshore island of Pulau Tekong. Recruits who are considered obese, are required to attend a 19-week PES Bp BMT weight-loss program. PES B2 formally PES C1 (fit for some combat vocations) recruits will go through a nine-week modified BMT programme at BMTC. PES C and PES E recruits (non-combat-fit) undertake a nine-week modified BMT program in BMTC School V at Kranji Camp II, where serviceman undergoing a four-week modified BMT programme before being deployed to various combat service support vocations such as Admin Support Assistants (ASA), Transport Operators, and Storeman.[43] The One-BMT programme was fully implemented in November 2017 thus all servicemen including mono-intakes with the exception of those in commandos, naval divers and service support vocation units will complete their BMT at BMTC. Mono-intake recruits will return to their unit after BMT.[44]

In standard BMT package, all recruits attend component trainings on fieldcraft, basic survival skills, weapon maintenance and a field camp, participate in live firing and hand grenade throwing exercises, go through a Standard Obstacle Course (SOC), and do daily physical training in preparation for the Individual Physical Proficiency Test (IPPT). The selected ones among NS recruits in BMT are assessed via SITEST for suitability of commander trainings to become officers or specialists. They are posted to the Officer Cadet School (OCS) or the Specialist Cadet School (SCS) respectively for commander training. The majority of the rest of recruits, known as enlistees, are posted to various NS units or vocational training institutes where the newly minted privates undergo continuous, specialised and further vocational trainings to pass out successfully as a vocationalist.

Due to land space limitations on Singapore's territorial land and waters, some specialised training programmes and facilities are located overseas e.g. 130 Squadron in Australia, 150 Squadron in France.

Initially, commissioned officers were drawn exclusively from the ranks of Singaporeans who had completed their GCE A levels or embarked on tertiary studies.[45] While the requirements have since been revised, the SAF has still been criticised for "using a promotion system that is based more on education and scholarships than on proven competence".[34]

Officers receive their initial leadership training at the tri-service OCS in the SAFTI Military Institute (SAFTI MI). As they progress in their career, they may undergo further formal military education at the SAF Advanced Schools and the Singapore Command and Staff College. On the other hand, specialists first receive leadership training at the SCS. Future platoon sergeants and Company Sergeant Majors receive further instruction at the Advanced Specialist Training Wing (ASTW) in SCS. Specialists undergo further education at the SAF Warrant Officer School before receiving their appointments as Warrant Officers.

OCS and SCS both have an infantry-based curriculum; special-to-arms training for both officers and WOSPECs is conducted at various training institutes and establishments such as the SAF Medical Training Institute (SMTI), Artillery Institute (AI), Signals Institute (SI), Engineer Training Institute (ETI), Armour Training Institute (ATI), Motorised Infantry Training Institute (MITI), Supply & Transport Centre (STC) and Ordnance Engineering Training Institute (OETI).

Pointer is the official journal of the SAF. It is a quarterly publication distributed to all Officers and Warrant Officers, which helps with their ongoing professional education.

Singapore is part of the Five Power Defence Arrangements, whose other members include the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand and Malaysia. Designed to replace the former defence role of the British in Singapore and Malaysia, the arrangement obliges members to consult in the event of external threat against Malaysia and Singapore. To this end, an Integrated Air Defence System is set up in Butterworth, Malaysia involving the stationing of officers from the 5 countries at its headquarters.

In 1975, President Chiang Ching-kuo and Premier Lee Kuan Yew signed an agreement code-named "Project Starlight" (星光計畫, also known as Hsing Kuang), wherein Singaporean troops could conduct training exercises in Taiwan. These exercises, engaging as many as 10,000 troops at any one time, provided officers a chance to simulate wartime conditions more closely and gain experience in the command and control of operations involving several battalions.[46]

Singapore has consistently supported a strong US military presence in the Asia-Pacific region.[47] In 1990, the US and Singapore signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) which allows the US access to Singapore facilities at Paya Lebar Air Base and the Sembawang wharves. Under the MOU, a US Navy logistics unit was established in Singapore in 1992; US fighter aircraft deploy periodically to Singapore for exercises, and a number of US military vessels visit Singapore. The US Navy's Task Force 73/Commander, Logistics Group Western Pacific is now located at Sembawang. The MOU was amended in 1999 to permit US naval vessels to berth at Changi Naval Base, which was completed in early 2001.

Singapore's defence resources have also been used for international humanitarian aid missions. They included United Nations peacekeeping missions in areas such as Kosovo, Kuwait and East Timor,[48] participation in the Multi-National Force - Iraq,[49] sending military equipment and personnel to assist in the humanitarian rescue and relief efforts in Indonesia after the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami, and the United States after Hurricane Katrina, sending medical supplies and personnel in response to the earthquake in Nepal and establishing medical and dental assets for use by the Afghan people.[50] The Republic of Singapore Navy contributes to anti-piracy efforts in the Gulf of Aden off the eastern coast of Somalia as part of the 25 nations coalition Combined Maritime Forces. Several of the SAF's top officers have thus overseas operational military experience.[51][52] Singapore was the only Asian country to contribute assets and personnel to the Global Coalition to Defeat ISIS and had participated in Operation Gallant Phoenix since May 2017.

Many of the Singapore's air units are located abroad such as: No. 130 Squadron in Australia,[53] No. 150 Squadron in France,[54] or joint USAF-RSAF 425th and 428th Fighter Squadron.[55][56] Since 2009, up to 90 soldiers annually are sent to Germany for exercises of a maximum of seven weeks each time at the Bergen-Hohne Training Area and other locations.[57]

Under the Singapore Armed Forces Act (SAF Act),[58] the President of Singapore has the authority to raise and maintain the SAF. The president also has the power to form, disband or amalgamate units within the SAF.

The Armed Forces Council (AFC) administers matters relating to the SAF under the SAF Act. The AFC consists of:

ministers who are responsible for defence matters and any other minister who has been assigned to assist them;

the Permanent Secretaries of MINDEF;

the Chief of Defence Force (CDF);

the Chief of Army (COA);

the Chief of Air Force (CAF);

the Chief of Navy (CNV); and

not more than four other members as the president may appoint if the president, acting in his or her discretion, concurs with the advice of the prime minister.

Military offences are governed by the SAF and the Enlistment Act in the Singapore Statutes. However, civilian offences (e.g., against the Penal Code) may also amount to a military offence. Offences may be prosecuted by military prosecutors, through the military justice system, or through the normal court/justice system.[58][59]

The Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) consists of the:

Army (three Combined Arms Divisions: 3 Div, 6 Div & 9 Div, two Army Operational Reserve Divisions, 21st and 25th, and one island defence command: 2nd People's Defence Forces)

Air Force (17 squadrons and four air bases)

Navy (eight squadrons and two naval bases)

Digital and Intelligence Service

The SAF is headed by the Chief of Defence Force (CDF), a three-star General (i.e. Lieutenant General/ Vice Admiral) by establishment and the sole and only (active) SAF General that can be promoted or hold three-star rank; he is assisted by the three chiefs of the respective services (Army, Airforce, Navy, Digital and Intelligence Service), who are two-star generals/admirals by establishment (or Major-General/ Rear-Admiral). The SAF has a Sergeant Major who currently holds the rank of CWO.[60] The CDF is supported by the Chief of Staff, Joint Staff, the Joint Operations Directorate, Joint Plans & Transformation Department, the Joint Manpower Department, the Joint Logistic Department, the Joint Intelligence Directorate, and Office of the Inspector-General of the Armed Forces.[61]

Chief of Defence Force (CDF) Edit

The position of Chief of Defence Force was established in 1990. Winston Choo, as head of the defence forces was previously known as Chief of the General Staff.

Supporting the combat role of the SAF, are other governmental organisations of the Ministry of Defence (MINDEF), such as the Defence Policy Group, the Defence Management Group, the Defence Technology Group, and the Defence Science & Technology Agency. Within these groups are the Central Manpower Base (CMPB), Defence Cyber Organisation, and the Military Security Department (MSD). Domestic technology companies also play a role in building up Singapore's military capabilities, particularly the government-linked ST Engineering (formerly known as Chartered Industries of Singapore), which designed and built some of the SAF's more advanced weaponry and equipment based on specific local requirements which may be expensive for foreign companies to adapt and produce.[62]

The Special Operations Task Force (SOTF) is an integrated joint command formed in 2009, to combat common terrorist threats. It comprises selected members of the Special Operations Force, SAF Commando Formation, Naval Diving Unit and other forces. The practice and theory of Special Operations Forces has been discussed in the inaugural monograph published by Pointer (journal), Key Perspectives on Special Forces. The monograph was edited and developed by former Commando Officer Kwong Weng Yap.[63]

There are three different rank structures in the SAF. Below is the ranks in the SAF in ascending order for the different schemes of service.[64]

The SAF utilises technology as " force multipliers", especially in the area of C4I integration, which will enable its various units to fight in an integrated manner.[65] The Army, Air Force and Navy are linked via advanced data-links and networks to enable coordinated attacks and support for various units and forces. Technology is an important element in the SAF's transformation into a 3rd Generation Fighting Force.[66]

The SAF acknowledges that technology is crucial for overcoming the limitations of Singapore's small population. Having consistently had one of the largest defence budgets in the Asia-Pacific region, Singapore has focused on maintaining its spending on sophisticated and superior weaponry.[67] Research and experimentation to develop a technological edge began as early as 1971, even though the SAF then had only rudimentary capabilities. The effort started off with a three-man team. At present,[68] MINDEF is one of the largest employers of engineers and scientists in Singapore and the SAF continues to devote considerable resources to defence research and development (R&D) and experimentation - 5% and 1% of the defence budget, respectively. Singapore's education system has also produced national servicemen who can be trained to operate SAF's sophisticated platforms and systems.

In Sep 2008, the SAF officially opened its Murai Urban Training Facility (MUTF) to hone the SAF's networked urban operations capability. The MUTF resembles a typical town and allows the soldiers to train realistically in an urban setting. In the same month, the SAF's new combat uniform,[69] as well as the Advanced Combat Man System, were also unveiled for the first time.

The country also has an established military manufacturing industry that is responsible for the design and development of the following military hardware:

The SAF's first-generation uniform is named Temasek Green from the army's simple flat green uniform, with brown and blue for the navy and air force respectively.

This was followed by the second-generation uniform which used a patchy camouflage pattern for the army while both the navy and air force used overalls.

The current (third generation) combat uniform, more commonly known as the No.4, used by the tri-services are based on digital camouflage with base colors green, blue and light grey for the army, air force and navy respectively. In June 2018, the SAF introduced a new variant of the uniform for combat units which provides more effective cooling[70] similar to the ones issued to US army personnel for tropical climate.[71]

The SAF's desert-camouflage uniforms are only issued to personnel deployed overseas to countries such as Iraq and Afghanistan.[72]

1. ^ "History". MINDEF Singapore.

2. ^ "Singapore Armed Forces Act". Singapore Statutes Online.

3. ^ Tan, Andrew T. H. (1999). Singapore's Defence: Capabilities, Trends, and Implications.

4. ^ "Mindef History".

5. ^ Oppenheimer, Shaina (16 March 2020). "'A Life-and-death Matter': How Israel Helped Singapore When It Needed It Most". Haaretz.

6. ^ "Singapore's Military Modernization".

7. "Explaining Singapore's Interest in the F-35B".

8. ^ "'SQ117 owes me a glass of fresh milk': The Singapore Airlines hijacking, 30 years on". CNA.

9. ^ "SAF making thousands of calls a day to contact trace, check stay-home compliance as COVID-19 fight hits 'critical juncture'". Archived from the original on 11 June 2020.

10. ^ Tim Huxley (2000). Defending the Lion City: The Armed Forces of Singapore. St. Leonards, N.S.W.: Allen & Unwin. ISBN 981-04-9157-3.

11. A Question of Loyalty: Ethnic Minorities, Military Service and Resistance by Alon Peled, 3 March 1993. Seminar Synopses of the Weatherhead Center for International Affairs, Harvard. Archived 6 September 2006 at the Wayback Machine

12. ^ Straits Times, 2 April 1987.

13. Minchin, James. ^ No Man is an Island, p. 227. Allen & Unwin Australia, 1986.

14. ^ Lin, Sean (23 September 2017). "Presidential Office mum on 'Starlight'". Taipei Times. Archived from the original on 26 September 2017.

15. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 July 2011.

16. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 July 2011.

17. ^ "RAAF Base Pearce". Defence Aircraft Noise, Department of Defence. Australian Government. Archived from the original on 19 August 2017.

18. ^ BGBl. II, 2021, Nr. 3 (9. Feb. 2021).

19. Singapore Armed Forces Act (Cap. 295 , 2000 Rev. Ed.)

20. Enlistment Act (^ Cap. 93 , 2001 Rev. Ed.)

21. ^ "MINDEF Singapore - SAF Rank Insignias". Archived from the original on 17 July 2017.

22. ^ Da Cunha, Derek (2002). Singapore in the New Millennium: Challenges Facing the City-State. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. p. 145. ISBN 981-230-131-3.

23. ^ Singapore Defence and Security Report Q1 2009 (Report). Business Monitor International. 2009.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The Singapore Armed Forces ( SAF) are the military services of the Republic of Singapore, responsible for its defence and national interests. A military component of the Ministry of Defence, it is one of the most capable, robust and technologically sophisticated militaries in Southeast Asia and the surrounding regions.[5] Since independence in 1965, the SAF has been involved in various operations, both within and outside of Singapore's borders.

# data[].attributes.body
Salah satu sebab yang menjadikan Singapura sebuah negara yang ideal ialah Singapura merupakan sebuah negara yang bersih dan hijau.

# data[].attributes.body
Salah satu sebab yang menjadikan Singapura sebuah negara yang ideal untuk didiami ialah kadar jenayah yang rendah.

# data[].attributes.body
https://news.detik.com/berita/d-519798/singapura-tidak-mungkin-kena-gelombang-tsunami

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/politics/good-governance-key-to-helping-spore-reinvent-and-stay-relevant-in-post-covid-19-world-ong-ye-kung

# data[].attributes.body
Singapura menjadi "oasis dunia pertama di kawasan dunia ketiga". Ia salah satu penghargaan sebagai negara terbersih di dunia. Sebab Singapura mempunyai undang-undang yang ketat bahawa jikalau ada seseorang yang membuang sampah seberangan, dia aka disaman. Ini dapat menyokong masyarakat Singapura untuk lebih bertanggungjawab. Masyarakat Singapura akan mendapat tanggungjawab yang lebih berat. Ini akan meyokong mereka untuk lebih menjaga tempat awam kita daripada sesiapa yang membuang sampah sebarangan.

# data[].attributes.body
Makanan di singapura amat luarbiasa dan berasal daripada pelbagai jenis budaya. Terdapat juga banyak jenis makanan di Singapura di mana negara-negara lain tidak ditawarkan. Masakan Singapura dapat menandakan kepelbagaian etnik kebudayaan Singapura. Makanannya dipengaruhi oleh penduduk Melayu asal, Cina majoriti , Indonesia, India serta juga tradisi barat. Makanan dapat dilihat oleh penduduk Singapura sebagai penting kepada identiti , kebangsaan dan penyatu benang budaya. Pelbagai jenis buah-buahan tropika boleh didapatu sepanjang tahun, tetapi kebanyakan mereka diimport dari negara-negara jiran.

# data[].attributes.body
https://lkycic.sutd.edu.sg/blog/towards-participative-governance-singapore/

# data[].attributes.body
Salah satu sebab yang menjadikan Singapura sebuah negara yang ideal untuk didiami ialah pemerintah yang prihatin kepada warga negaranya .

# data[].attributes.body
Salah satu sebab Singapura merupakan tempat yang ideal untuk didiami ialah Singapura terlindung daripada bencana alam.Singapura tidak terletak di sempadan plat dan oleh itu tidak terdedah kepada gempa bumi.

# data[].attributes.body
Contohnya, Singapura yang selama ini dikenal akan kebersihannya rupanya menyimpan kisah perjuangan panjang di baliknya. Mereka harus melakukan kampanye, memberlakukan denda, hingga mempekerjakan 56 ribu tenaga kebersihan untuk jadi bersih.

# data[].attributes.body
Pemerintah Singapura amat terkenal di seluruh dunia kerana ia bebas rasuah dan sentiasa mengutamakan warganegara Singapura. Ini membuktikan

# data[].attributes.body
Singapura mempunyai reputasi sebagai salah satu negara yang paling selamat di seluruh dunia. Ini disokong oleh statistik jenayah yang diterbitkan oleh pihak polis, yang mengatakan bahawa jenayah remeh-temeh dikira sebagai sebahagian kecil daripada jenayah yang kesuluruhan di Singapura. Satu sebab untuknya mungkin disebabkan oleh hukuman yang tegas untuk jenayah-jenayah seperti memandatkan masa dalam penjara untuk jenayah pencurian.

# data[].attributes.body
Antara Asia Tenggara, Singapura mempunyai sistem pertahanan yang terbaik, dan ini menyebabkan mengapa Singapura merupakan tempat yang ideal untuk didiami.

# data[].attributes.body
Oleh itu, sebagai negara yang bersih dan hijau, Singapura menjadi tempat yang ideal untuk didiami.

# data[].attributes.body
seperti contoh, lelaki warga negara singapura yang berumur 18 tahun hingga 19 tahun wajib pergi untuk perkhidmatan negara yang berterusan selama 2 tahun
seperti contoh, satu kumpulan warga negara yang terdiri enam orang cuba untuk bomb bangunan Marina Bay Sands dari Batam dan SCDF singapura memintas kumpulan itu
seperti contoh, Singapura mempunyai enam tiang untuk “Civil Defence” seperti “

# data[].attributes.body
Singapura tidak terletak di sempadan plat dan oleh itu tidak terdedah kepada gempa bumi. Tetapi gempa bumi besar yang berlaku di sempadan plat terdekat (Megathrust Sunda, di luar pantai Sumatera) boleh menjejaskan negara: gempa bumi yang cukup kuat boleh menggegarkan bangunan yang terletak di tanah tebus guna atau sedimen. Bagaimanapun, Singapura menghadapi ancaman yang lebih tersembunyi: paras laut boleh meningkat lebih cepat daripada ramalan IPCC selepas gempa bumi Sunda Megathrust yang besar.

# data[].attributes.body
Contohnya, masakan Singapura dapat menandakan kepelbagaian etnik kebudayaan Singapura. Makanannya dipengaruhi oleh penduduk Melayu asal, Cina majoriti, Indonesia, India serta juga tradisi Barat (khususnya Inggeris) sejak pengasasan jajahan Singapura oleh Empayar British pada zaman 1800-an. Kesan-kesan masakan Timur Tengah dan Thailand juga muncul dalam budaya makanan tempatan dalam sesetengah bentuk. Dalam gedung-gedung penjaja Singapura, contohnya, para tukang masak latar belakang Cina dipengaruhi oleh budaya India mungkin bereksperiman dengan perasa dan ramuan seperti asam jawa, kunyit dan minyak sapi, sementara tukang masak Tamil mungkin menyediakan sebuah hidangan mi goreng.

# data[].attributes.body
Contohnya, akibat melakukan jenayah dan tegasan undang-undangnya telah membuat Singapura terkenal di dunia. Jenayah kecil seperti membuang sampah merata-rata akan mendenda para pesalah beratus-ratus dolar, berjalan sembarangan akan melandah pesalah hukuman penjara, dan vandalisme akan menyebabkan seseorang menghadapi hukuman rotan yang teruk.

# data[].attributes.body
Sebagai negara kecil yang tergantung kepada negara-negara lain untuk bertahan, kita akan terjejas daripada apa-apa perubahan diseluruh dunia. Jadi, kepentingan sistem pertahanan kita tinggi. Kebebasan Singapura telah terancam beberapa kali dengan terorisme, pandemik dan ketakpastian ekonomi. Pemerintah membuat 6 tiang pertahanan

# data[].attributes.body
Bencana tsunami Desember 2004 lalu telah menimbulkan kekhawatiran bahwa jika pusat gempa bumi di masa mendatang berpindah ke arah utara, itu akan membuka jalan bagi kemungkinan gelombang tsunami menyerang Singapura.Namun menurut Yaacob, hal ini tidak mungkin terjadi. "Simulasi yang dilakukan institut dan badan-badan ternama di AS, Prancis, Denmark dan Jepang atas insiden tsunami itu, memastikan Selat Malaka tidak cukup dalam untuk mengalami tsunami untuk jarak jauh

# data[].attributes.body
Ternyata, sebagai negara yang terlindungi daripada bencana alam, Singapura menjadi tempat alam yang ideal untuk didiami

# data[].attributes.body
Kesimpulannya, dengan sistem pertahanan yang baik, kami boleh menjaminkan keamanan dalam negara sendiri lantas, Singapura ialah tempat ideal untuk didiami.

# data[].attributes.body
Ternyata, sebagai sebuah negara yang memiliki kadar jenayah yang rendah, Singapura menjadi tempat yang ideal untuk didiami.

# data[].attributes.body
dalam selepas penularan wabak Covid-19 . Apabila wabak melanda dunia , Singapura dilucutkan ekonomi daripada manfaat daripada pelancong . Pemerintah Singapura mengambil inisiatif untuk menjadi pengedar vaksin untuk merancakkan ekonomi dan membina jambatan dengan negara-negara lain .

# data[].attributes.body
Oleh itu, Singapura merupakan tempat yang ideal untuk didiami kerana ada pelbagai jenis makanan yang unik dan istimewa.

# data[].attributes.body
Justeru , Singapura merupakan tempat yang ideal untuk didiami kerana ia ada pemerintah yang prihatin .

# data[].attributes.body
Singapura memiliki nilai wang yang sangat tinggi dan kadar pertukaran wang dari Singapura dollar ke mata wang lain akan jauh besar.Contohnya, 1 dollar Singapura bernilai sebesar 10 ribu Rupiah. Walaupun 10 Ribu Rupiah itu cukup besar kepada warga negara Indonesia, wang bernilai sebegitu terlihat sangat kecil kepada penduduk Singapura kerana mereka sudah terbiasa membeli sesuatu barang atau makanan menggunakan mata wang negara sendiri. Oleh itu, pekerja asing hingga penduduk Singapura baharu yang sebelumnya dari negara lain akan mengatakan bahwa sara hidup di sini akan lebih tinggi atau mahal dibandingkan dari negara asal mereka oleh itu, mereka akan tetap untuk bekerja dengan lebih keras supaya mereka tidak akan kesusahan atau mempunyai masalah kewangan semasa tinggal di Singapura.

# data[].attributes.body
Memandangkan Singapura adalah negara yang selamat tanpa banyak punca semula jadi dan kadar jenayah yang sangat rendah, itu akan menarik ramai warga asing untuk berhijrah ke singapura untuk kekal selamat dan hidup dalam persekitaran yang baik. Pemerintah Singapura juga sangat bermurah hati dengan punca hidup untuk rakyat singapura tinggal di sehingga kebanyakan rakyat singapura menjadi tua dan tidak mahu tinggal di negara lain. Dengan ramai orang ingin yang tinggal di singapura dan singapura sebagai sebuah negara kecil, mungkin tidak ada ruang yang cukup untuk semua orang dan penduduk akan sesak. Contohnya apabila orang ingin pergi kerja atau sekolah pada waktu pagi akan ada ramai orang dalam pengangkutan dan akan bersesak-sesak antara satu sama lain dan mungkin akan ada orang yang pergi jauh untuk berebut kerusi.

# data[].attributes.body
Kebanyakkan juga warga di Singapura mesra dan peramah.Hari ini, walaupun berbeza etnik, agama dan budaya, warga Singapura dididik untuk menghormati dan bersikap positif terhadap semua orang.Warga Singapura hidup bersama sebagai satu rakyat, dengan keharmonian yang luar biasa antara negara.Contohnya, jika ada jiran yang baru sahaja pindah masuk di kawasan kejiranan tersebut , warga Singapura yang tinggal disitu akan cuba memulakan perbualan untuk mengenali satu sama lain.Ini bermaksud yang warga Singapura mudah bergaul dengan sesiapa sahaja.Ia juga bermakna bahawa masyarakat cenderung untuk menjaga diri mereka sendiri dan mempunyai sedikit peluang untuk mengenali satu sama lain, atau untuk memupuk pemahaman dan penerimaan yang lebih mendalam.Oleh itu , ini adalah salah satu sebab kenapa Singapura merupakan tempat yang ideal untuk didiami kerana banyak warga Singapura yang mesra dan peramah.

# data[].attributes.body
Kesimpulannya, terdapat banyak faktor yang menjadikan Singapura tempat yang ideal untuk didiami. Sistem pertahanan baik kita membuat rakyat-rakyat berasa selama. Tambahan lagi, sistem pendidikan kami dikenali antara dunia. Tidak lupa juga, Singapura merupakan bandar hijau. Oleh faktor-faktor ini daya penarik kepada warga asing untuk tinggal di sini. Natijahnya, tentulah Singapura ialah tempat yang paling sesuai untuk didiami, pada zaman sekarang dan pada masa hadapan juga!

daya penarik: attraction
mewujudkan: create
merupakan: is

# data[].attributes.body
Kebudaya Singapura merangkumi unsur-unsur seni, kuliner, sastera, muzik, politik dan sosial. Ada banyak bahasa yang digunakan seperti bahasa Melayu, bahasa Tamil, Inggeris dan bahasa Mandarin. Beberapa orang Singapura, terutama dari generasi yang lebih tua, dapat berkomunikasi secara asli. Banyak bahasa juga digunakan di Singapura, mencerminkan keperbagaian linguistiknya yang kaya.
Kebudayaan Singapura kental dengan aspek keberagaman sepeti budaya, etnis, dan agama.

Singapura juga merupakan pelbagai makanan tradisional yang lazat dan sungguh popular dengan masyarakat Singapura dan dengan orang dari luar negara seperti roti prata dan nasi ayam.

Singapura sangatkah merayakan keberagaman seperti Tahun Baru Imlek, Hari Raya Idul Fitri, Deepavalu dan banyak lagi.

Maklumlah, saya bersetuju bahawa Singapura merupakan tempat yang ideal untuk didiami.

# data[].attributes.body
Kadar kehidupan di Singapura dipandangkan sebagai terlalu pantas untuk penduduknya. Kemajuan negara memang telah membawa pelbagai manfaat seperti kestabilan negara, sosio-ekonomi para penduduk yang tinggi berbanding negara rantauan. Ramai yang penduduk Singapura telah berhasil daripada kemajuan ini. Malah, kemajuan ini juga membawa keburukannya. Untuk menuruskan perkembangan yang baik ini, ramai pekerja di Singapura mempunyai tempoh jam berkerja yang amat panjang. Contohnya, menuruti artikel di laman berita CNA, ia didapati bahawa Singapura adalah negara yang ‘paling tertekan’ di dunia. Walaupun ada negara lain yang berkerja untuk tempoh masa yang lebih panjang, para pekerja Singapura lebih letih. Ini mungkin disebabkan oleh kurang keertian antara kami tentang kepentingan mengadakan teladan tidur yang baik. Oleh itu,ramai tidak pandang postitf akan cara hidup Singapura yang membawa tekanan kepada mereka, dengannya kekurangan orang yang memandangkan akan Singapura sebagai tempat yang ideal untuk mereka mendiami.

# data[].attributes.body
Negara singapura ini dihuni oleh orang yang berbeza kaum. Orang-orang ini termasuk orang berkaum Cina, India, Melayu dan banyak-banyak lagi. Singapura ini percaya bahawa kita bersatu tanpa mengira bangsa dan agama tetapi kenyataan itu mempunyai banyak kesalahan. Sebagai contoh, kebanyakan orang di singapura suka untuk menghina orang daripada kaum yang lain seperti orang Cina selalu berkata orang Melayu dan India tidak boleh masuk pada sekolah Polytechnic dan bahawa meraka akan masuk ITE dan bahawa orang Melayu tidak ada masa depan. Pada pendapat saya, Singapura tidak akan menjadi tempat yang boleh didiamkan jika masalah berkauman masih ada dalam negara Singapura. Oleh itu, Singapura tidak tempat yang ideal untuk didiami kerana oleh masalah berkauman

# data[].attributes.body
Di singapura kita bebas dari apa sahaja rasuah. Singapura ialah sebuah negara bahawa tiada apa sahaja rasuah dan penduduk singapura pun takut untuk melakukan rasuah kerana di singapura apabila sesiapa melakuan maksiat mereka boleh di tangkap/dicari dengan senang dan apabila ditangkap orang takut akan hukuman yang akan diberi. Contoh-Contoh akan singapura ialah sebuah negara yang bebas dari rasuah ialah lihat sahaja pegawai polis singapura, mereka mengikuti undang-undang yang ditetapkan berbanding dengan negara amerika, kalau disiasat dan membongkar sejarah negara amerika ada banyak kes tentang pegawai polis chicago yang bernama Joseph Miedzianowski dia merupakan seorang pegawai polis dan juga seorang kingpin dadah . Ini menunjuk bahawa singapura ialah sebuah negara yang selamat dan bebas dari rasuah.

# data[].attributes.body
Dalam masyarakat yang sentiasa berubah dan ruang terhad Singapura ada , kekangan akan timbul daripada ruang yang diperlukan setiap individu menerima . Ini terbukti dengan dasar BTO (dibina mengikut pesanan) Singapore yang terlalu terhad untuk membesarkan keluarga , tambahan pula sifat daya saing rumah-rumah ini . Ini menjelaskan had yang dihadapi oleh rakyat singapura yang mendorong mereka untuk keluar dari negara ini . Justeru , Singapura tidak merupakan tempat yang ideal untuk didiami kerana sesak dek terlalu ramai penduduk .

# data[].attributes.body
Singapura adalah antara negara yang terkecil di dunia ini oleh itu, tidak banyak tempat yang menarik kerana mereka lebih menumpukan kepada pembinaan bangunan dan estet yang diperlukan di negara ini. Contohnya, bandar dipenuhi dengan bangunan yang penting untuk perdadangan perniagaan yang menguntungkan negara. Walau bagaimanapun, Singapura terdapat ruang tanah yang terhad untuk tempat yang menarik seperti taman hiburan. Malah, ini akan mengakibatkan rakyat Singapura dan pelancong berasa bosan tinggal di negara ini kerana kekurangan tempat menarik untuk berhibur.

# data[].attributes.body
Ada banyak peluang di singapura bagi orang yang mahu memohon sama ada rakyat Singapura atau orang dari luar negara.Pada masa kini anda perlu bekerja untuk terus hidup di Singapura. Orang ramai merasa sangat sukar untuk bertahan jika mereka tidak mempunyai pekerjaan yang stabil di Singapura. Ramai orang tidak sukar untuk mencari pekerjaan di Singapura kerana terdapat aplikasi seperti "Jobstreets" dan "Fastjobs Sg" untuk pekerjaan yang ada di Singapura. Orang boleh mencari pekerjaan yang ada dan mencari pekerjaan yang mereka mahu.Rakan dan keluarga juga boleh menawarkan pekerjaan di Singapura supaya mereka dapat memperoleh wang mereka di Singapura. Oleh itu banyak peluang untuk orang mencari pekerjaan di singapura.

# data[].attributes.body
Undang-undang Singapura penuh dengan sekatan ganjil ke atas perbuatan peribadi, beberapa daripadanya lucu dalam keabsurdannya dan yang lain mengancam dalam batasannya. Melainkan dengan undang-undang ganjil di negara lain, sesetengah statut dikuatkuasakan dengan hukuman yang sangat ketat dan selalunya pelik. Singapura juga berbeza dengan United States , di mana penalti ditentukan oleh hakim. Melanggar undang-undang tertentu di Singapura boleh didatangi keputusan mandatori yang masih termasuk rotan. Seperti contoh, perbuangan sampah. Denda sehingga $1,000 diberi jika seseorang itu membuah sampah secara sembarangan. Tentulah perbuangan sampah secara sembarangan itu salah di banyak negara, tetapi hukuman untuk melakukannya di Singapura adalah tanpa perbandingan. Seseorang itu bukan sahaja boleh mendapat denda sebanyak $1,000, tetapi juga akan menerima "arahan kerja masyarakat", di mana mereka terpaksa mengutip sampah di khalayak ramai. Hukuman itu bertujuan untuk memalukan orang ramai yang berlakukan sedemikian. Undang-undang seperti ini akan mengakibatkan ramai orang beranggapan bahawa singapura merupakan sebuah negara yang terlalu ketat. Oleh itu, memandangkan singapura mempunyai banyak undang-undang yang ketat seperti ini, ia bukanlah negara yang ideal untuk didiami

# data[].attributes.body
Secara umumnya, Singapura dianggap sebagai tempat yang ideal untuk didiami. Namun, seringkali juga, kita terbaca berita tentang perkara-perkara buruk yang terjadi dalam Singapura atau perkara-perkara yang tidak begitu bagus tentang Singapura. Ternyata, melalui artikel-artikel tersebut, kita mendapati bahawa walaupun Singapura dianggap sebagai tempat yang ideal untuk didiami, ia masih ada beberapa aspek yang menjadikannya tempat yang tidak begitu ideal untuk didiami. Di dalam karangan ini, saya akan bincangkan perkara-perkara yang membuat Singapura tempat yang ideal untuk didiami dan juga aspek yang menjadikannya tempat yang tidak begitu ideal untuk didiami.