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The Central American-Dominican Republic Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR) includes the United States and six countries in the greater Central America region. It was the first multilateral free trade agreement between the United States and smaller developing economies when it was signed on Aug. 5, 2004.

Like most other trade agreements, CAFTA-DR removes tariffs and merchandise processing fees on trade. All tariffs on U.S. consumer and industrial exports were removed as of 2015 while tariffs on agricultural exports will be gone by 2020. Everything will be duty-free by the time the agreement is fully implemented on Jan. 1, 2025. To be eligible for tariff-free treatment under CAFTA-DR, products must meet the relevant rules of origin.

CAFTA-DR is much smaller than other regional trade agreements, such as the North American Free Trade Agreement, currently the world's largest free-trade area. It would have been dwarfed by the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership if negotiations had been finalized and the Trans-Pacific Partnership had it been approved by Congress.

Impact of CAFTA-DR

The CAFTA-DR trade area is the U.S.'s third-largest export market in Latin America, right after Mexico and Brazil. According to the U.S. Department of Commerce, CAFTA-DR has benefited U.S. exporters of petroleum products, plastics, paper, and textiles, as well as manufacturers of motor vehicles, machinery, medical equipment, and electrical/electronic products. Also, growers of cotton, wheat, corn, and rice have seen their exports improve.

CAFTA-DR also improves customs administration and removes technical barriers to trade. It addresses government procurement, investment, telecommunications, electronic commerce, intellectual property rights, transparency, labor, and environmental protection.

The total trade of goods between the seven countries was about $57.9 billion in 2018, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. Through October of 2019, that figure was on pace to end the year at about $58.5 billion.

CAFTA-DR has boosted the economies of Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and the Dominican Republic. The United States is the largest export market for each of those countries.

Costa Rica benefited from increased foreign direct investment in the insurance and telecommunications sectors, which the government recently opened to private investors. These goods include fruit, coffee, and other food, as well as electronic components and medical equipment. When CAFTA-DR was implemented, the Costa Rican government partially privatized the banking, telecommunications, and insurance industries, which helped to boost economic growth.

The Dominican Republic exports roughly half of its goods to the United States. Its exports are primarily sugar, coffee, and tobacco. Gold, silver, and tourism have grown as exports over recent years.

CAFTA-DR had many of the same destabilizing effects on Central American countries that NAFTA did in Mexico because U.S. agribusiness is subsidized by the federal government.

Before CAFTA-DR, Honduras had a trade surplus in agricultural products. Years after CAFTA-DR, it had encountered a trade deficit. Many farmers took jobs in U.S. apparel factories that moved to their countries after CAFTA-DR. However, many other factories moved to China, Vietnam, and other low-wage countries. As a result, apparel exports to the United States from the CAFTA-DR countries were lower in 2013 than before the trade agreement was signed.

Economic growth in El Salvador, Honduras, and Guatemala is lower than in the rest of Latin America. This economic instability helps boost the drug trade. This prompts many locals, including children, to emigrate to the United States.

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The 2004 Trade Agreement That Made Bananas Cheaper

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The Central American-Dominican Republic Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR) includes the United States and six countries in the greater Central America region. It was the first multilateral free trade agreement between the United States and smaller developing economies when it was signed on Aug. 5, 2004.

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WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION

1. What countries make-up the organization?
There are 164 countries that make-up this organization. Some examples are: Australia, Guinea, China or the Russian Federation.

2. When was it started?
It was started on 1995.

3. Is there an end date to the agreement?
Nowadays there isn't a end date to the agreement.

4. What are the benefits for international trade?
It helps to promote peace, stimulates economic growth and  rovides more choice of products and qualities among other benefits.

5. What are the goals for this agreement?
The main goal of the agreement is the reduction of tariffs and other barriers to trade. This orgaization also prohibits discrimination between trading partners.

Source:
english.PDF (washington.edu)
World Trade Organization - Home page - Global trade (wto.org)

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What countries are make-up this organization?
There are 5 countries involved in this organization: Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and Venezuela.
When was it started?
It started on March 26th, 1991
Is there an end date to the agreement?
No, there's no end date to the agreement.
What are the benefits for international trade?
There are two main benefits of Mercosur which include promoting free movement of people and reducing the costs of goods.
What are the goals for this agreement?
The goals for this agreement are granting free movement of citizens, goods, services and productive factors between the countries involved, establishing a common and external tarif and adopting a commercial policy.

Source:
“MERCOSUR: Objectives and Achievements.” World Bank, documents.worldbank.org/en/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/747401468774610014/mercosur-objectives-and-achievements.

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1. Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain and Sweden.
2. It was founded in 1992.
3. No, there isn't an end date.
4. Stable prices for consumers and citizens.
Greater security and more opportunities for companies and markets.
Higher economic growth.
A stronger EU presence in the world economy.
An important sign of European identity.
5. Constitute an area of freedom, security and justice without internal borders. Sustainable development, the promotion of justice and social protection, equality between women and men ... etc.

Links:
https://ec.europa.eu/info/business-economy-euro/euro-area/benefits-euro_en
https://www.carm.es/web/pagina?IDCONTENIDO=2787&IDTIPO=11&RASTRO=c764$m2574

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CAFTA (Dominican Republic-Central America Free Trade Agreement)
1. The countries that make-up this organization are the US, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and the Dominican Republic.
2.  The agreement started in August 5th, 2004 and there's no end to the it at this moment.
3. With CAFTA the total trade of goods between these was about $57.9 billion. CAFTA has improved Nicaragua's, Costa Rica's and Dominican Republic's economy.
4. The goals are to open markets, eliminate tariffs and reduce barriers to services to create new and better economic opportunities.

https://www.thebalance.com/what-is-cafta-3305580

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1. The countries that make up this organization are the USA, Canada, and Mexico.
2. It was started in 1990 and there isn't an end date.
3. the benefits for international trade are high-quality goods, lower prices, larger profits, higher employment, improved standard of living, and more purchasing options.
4. Some goals of NAFTA are to reduce trade barriers , to increase cooperation for improving working conditions in North America, to create an expanded and safe market for goods and services produced in North America and to establish clear and mutually advantageous trade rules.

https://library.unt.edu/gpo/oca/nafta.htm

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NAFTA
1. NAFTA was a treaty signed by Prime Minister of Canada,  Brian Mulroney, the US President George Bush, and the Mexican President Carlos Salinas. Nowadays is the largest free-trade zone in the world.
2. They started the agreement on 199 and the treaty came into effect on January 1,1994. The treaty does not have and end date, but in September 2018 they replaced NAFTA with the United States - Mexico - Canada Agreement (USMCA).
3.  The benefits of USMCA are: increase of the trade and growth, lower grocery and gas prices. Also it reduces the government spending and creates more job positions.
4. With NAFTA the countries who signed want to remove the trade barriers between them.

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Laura Parrado -  World Trade Organization
1) This Organization is international, and it’s formed by 164 countries. The last one to join was Afganistan in 2016 and the headquarter is in Switzerland. It has ancestor GATT
2) It starts in 1995 and it still work
3) It has a lot of benefits, it helps the producers, it solve trade problems...
4) The objectives are : to set and enforce rules for international trades, to provide a forum for negotiating, to resolve trade disputes and to increase transparency...

Source: britannica.com

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1. Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxemburg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain and Sweden.
2. November 1st of 1993 in Netherlands and there is not and end date.
3. EU tarde is designed to promote European values that include good governance, environmental protection, human rights, health and consumer protection, and protection of cultural diverity.
4. The goals of the European Union are promote peace (values and the well-being of its citizens), offer freedom, security and justice.

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NAFTA
1. NAFTA was a treaty between Canada, Mexico and the United States
2.  It started on January 1, 1994. This treaty did not end but it changed its name in 2018 from NAFTA to USMCA
3. The benefits of this treaty are:

Lower grocery prices

Lower gas prices

Increased trade and growth

4. The goal for this agreement was to remove trade barriers between the countries that signed up the treaty

SOURCES:
https://www.thebalance.com/nafta-definition-north-american-free-trade-agreement-3306147

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What countries make-up the organization?
United States, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Dominican Republic
When was it started?
August 5 in 2004
Is there an end date to the agreement?
No
What are the benefits for international trade?
Provides equity and reciprocity in trade liberalization between these countries. It has many benefits such as: it facilitates property protection, improves labor rights, improves foreign investment rules, etc.
What are the goals for this agreement?
It is a trade agreement that will eliminated trade barriers, eliminate tariffs, open markets and promote investment in all partner countries

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WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
What countries make-up this organization?
It has 164 countries, including, for example, Spain, the United States or China. Almost every significant country is part of this organization.
When was it started?
January 1st 1995
Is there an end date to the agreement?
No, the agreement is still working nowadays.
What are the benefits for international trade?
It provides more variety of resources, making more people acquire diferent goods, and making a better utilization of them. It also regulates the costs of them and it also produces many employements.
What are the goals for this agreement?
It major goal is to end trade disputes, by creating a global partnership for the proper negotiations between parts involved on this international trade, trying to make the best development possible for this type of comercial interactions

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Laura González - World Trade Organization

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Laura González - World Trade Organization

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1. The countries that make up this organization are a total of 164, among which we can find Angola, Austria, Spain or South Korea. It holds representation of almost every single country in the world, and there are still countries that wish to be part of it.
2. It was founded on January 1st, 1995.
3. There is no end date to the organization, as it wishes to find solutions that may come up as countries advance and begin to need different types of trading.
4. There are different benefits to trade internationaly, such as getting products that one country does not produce it in a natural way. There are also economical benefits even though those benefits are often only beneficial for those who own the franchises or the companies.
5. The WTO looks for an open, non discriminative, transparent and enviromentaly friendly trade policy, where the less developed countries have a chance to get products from the more developed ones and possibly create more opportunities for the future.
Source: https://www.wto.org/index.htm

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ASEAN
What countries make-up this organization?
The Member States are Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam.
When was it started?
The association started on 8 August 1967
Goals:
-Accelerate the economic growth
-Social progress and cultural development of the region in order to establish equality and partenrship in the community.
-Promote peace and stabilty between all the countries

Sources:
https://asean.org/storage/2019/01/17a.-October-2018-ASEAN-Community-2018-folded-brochure.pdf
https://www.nti.org/learn/treaties-and-regimes/association-southeast-asian-nations-asean/

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MERCOSUR
1. What countries make up this organization?
Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay, Uruguay, Venezuela, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guayana, Perú and Surinam.
2. When was it started?
1991
3. Is there an end date to the agreement?
No
4. What are the benefits for international trade?
Common Market
5. What are the goals for this agreement?
Common Market

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Alicia Vinzia - Association of southeast Asian nations

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Alicia Vinzia - Association of southeast Asian nations

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1- Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.
2- It started at 8 of August 1967, there is not an end date to this agreement.
3- The goals for this agreement are:
To accelerate the economic growth, social progress and cultural development in the region through joint endeavors in the spirit of equality and partnership in order to strengthen the foundation for a prosperous and peaceful community of Southeast Asian nations.
To promote regional peace and stability through abiding respect for justice and the rule of law in the relationship among countries in the region and adherence to the principles of the United Nations Charter.

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1. Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain and Sweden.
2. 1 november 1993
3. No
4, their benefits are multiple some of them are:more choice and stable prices for consumers and citizens. Greater security and more oppotunities for businesses and markets so they improve their economy, etc...
5. the main goal of this agreement is promote peace, offer freedom and justice

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What countries are make-up this organization?
Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Romania,  Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg,Germany, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain and Sweden.

When was it started?
It was started on November 1st, 1193. However, not all countries joined at the same time.

Is there an end date to the agreement?
No, there isn't an end date.

What are the benefits of international trade?
These include good governance, environmental protection, human and labour rights, health and consumer protection, increased revenues, decreased competition, Longer product lifespan, benefiting from currency exchange, disposal of surplus goods.

What are the goals for this agreement?
Some of the goals of this agreement are:

Consumers have access to more choice and stable prices

Businesses and markets are provided with greater security and more opportunities

Improved economic stability and growth.

Integrated financial markets within the EU.

A stronger presence for the EU in the global economy.

SOURCES
“The Benefits of the Euro.” European Commission - European Commission, 30 Sept. 2019, https://ec.europa.eu/info/business-economy-euro/euro-area/benefits-euro_en

EAVA, Posted by. “Benefits of EU International Trade Agreements.” European Parliamentary Research Service Blog, 26 Oct. 2017, https://epthinktank.eu/2017/10/27/benefits-of-eu-international-trade-agreements/#:~:text=These%20include%20good%20governance%2C%20environmental,EU%20intensify%20dialogues%20on%20trade.

Service, Government Digital. “Countries in the EU and EEA.” GOV.UK, GOV.UK, 24 July 2015, www.gov.uk/eu-eea#:~:text=The%20EU%20countries%20are%3A,%2C%20Slovenia%2C%20Spain%20and%20Sweden.

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1.Mercosur is currently composed of Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, Venezuela and is in the process of accession Bolivia.
2.It was founded on 26 March 1991 and there is not an end date
3.Mercosur citizens have the benefit to free migration, residence, and profession throughout the bloc and in the five affiliated countries. Citizens still have free transportation of goods, services, and money, as well as equality of rights, employment laws, and harmonization of social security systems.
4.Its main aim is to promote a common space that will create investment and trade opportunities through the competitive integration of national economies into the international market.

SOURCES:
https://datosmacro.expansion.com/paises/grupos/mercosur

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1. The country's founders of MERCOSUR were from South America: Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay and Uruguay
2.  It was created on March  26th of 1991, and there is not end date for the tarde.
3.  The agreement with EU main that the European Union can export without tariff barriers in goods. Making easier the tarde between countries.
4. The main objective of MERCOSUR is to improve the trade by promoting the economic develovpment, the better use of resources, preserve the environment...

SOURCE : “Mercosur.” MercoPress, en.mercopress.com/about-

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What countries make up this organization?
The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) is an agreement between Mexico, Canada and the United States.
When was it started?
This agreement was ratified in 1993, and it became active in 1994.
Is there an end to this agreement?
No, but in 2018 the name was cahnged to USMCA (United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement)
What are the benefits for international trade?
The benefits of Nafta are the following:
- Quadrupled Trade
- Lowered Prices
- Increased Economic Growth
- Created Jobs
- Increased Foreign Direct Investment
- Reduced Government Spending
What are the goals for this agreement?
- Reduce barriers to trade
- Increase cooperation for improving working conditions in North America
- Establish clear and mutually advantageous trade rules

Sources:
Amadeo, Kimberly. “History of NAFTA and Its Purpose.” The Balance, 30 Aug. 2020, www.thebalance.com/history-of-nafta-3306272
Amadeo, Kimberly. “6 Hidden Benefits of NAFTA.” The Balance, 26 Dec. 2020, www.thebalance.com/advantages-of-nafta-3306271

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1. The countries which are members of ASEAN are the following: Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.
2. ASEAN was started in 8th of August, the year 1967, specifically in Philipines
3. Today there isn't an end day to the agreement
4. We can get cheaper products and there is a larg number of options for us to choose
5. As its google web says, some of their goals are to accelerate the economic growth, social progress and cultural development in the region through joint endeavors in the spirit of equality and partnership in order to strengthen the foundation for a prosperous and peaceful community of Southeast Asian nations, and to promote regional peace and stability through abiding respect for justice and the rule of law in the relationship among countries in the region and adherence to the principles of the United Nations Charter.

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1. The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) is a treaty entered into by the United States, Canada, and Mexico.

2. NAFTA was ratified by the three countries' national legislatures in 1993 and went into effect on January 1, 1994. It was replaced in 2020.

3. NAFTA supported exchange by disposing of all taxes between the three nations. It likewise made concessions to global rights for business financial backers. That diminished the expense of trade. It prods venture and development, particularly for private companies.

4. The objective of NAFTA is to take out all duty and non-levy hindrances of exchange and venture between the US, Canada and Mexico.

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1. What countries make up this organization?
Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain and Sweden.
2. When was it started?
November 1, 1993
3. Is there an end date to the agreement?
No
4. What are the benefits for international trade?
There is a decrease in prices for the same range of products and an increase in the variety.
5. What are the goals for this agreement?
The main goals of the EU are to promote peace, its values and the well-being of its citizens. The European Union also aims to enhance economic, social and territorial cohesion and solidarity among EU countries by establishing an economic and monetary union whose currency is the euro. Other goals are to achieve sustainable development based on balanced economic growth and price stability and a highly competitive market economy with full employment and social progress.

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1) What countries make-up this organization?
It is a treaty of free trade between the US, Central America and the Dominican Republic.
2) When was it started?
5th of August  2004.
3) Is there an end date to the agreement?
No
4) What are the benefits for international trade?
The organization provides equity and reciprocity in trade liberalization between these countries. It has many benefits such as: it facilitates property protection, improves labor rights, improves foreign investment rules...
5) What are the goals for this agreement?
It is a trade agreement that will eliminate trade barriers, eliminate tariffs, open markets and promote investment in all partner countries.

https://www.thebalance.com/what-is-cafta-3305580

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It means Association of Southeast Asian Nations. The memers are:  Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. It was formed the 8th of August of 1967, in order to accelerate economic growth,  social progress and cultural development in the region. It also promotes regional peace and stability. Key benefits are the elimination and reduction of tariffs and increased connectivity, which grant greater market access to companies. There is no end date.

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- What countries are make-up this organization?
This organization is make-up by 159 countries.
- When was it started?
It started on 1st of January, 1995.
- Is there an end date to the agreement?
No, there isn't an end date to the agreement.
- What are the benefits for international trade?
The benefits is a reduced costs of production.
- What are the goals for this agreeement?
The goals are; to set and enforce rules for international trade, to provide a forum
for negotiating and monitoring further trade liberalization, to resolve trade
disputes, to increase the transparency of decision-making processes,  to
cooperate with other major international economic institutions involved in
global economic management, and to help developing countries benefit fully
from the global trading system

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- What countries are make-up this organization?
The total number of countries inside this organization is 164 countries out of 194.
- When was it started?
On the first of January on 1995
- Is there an end date to the agreement?
No, the isn't an end date to this agreement.
- What are the benefits for international trade?
The benefits are, the taxes are lower between countries in this organization, there's no discrimination when trading and finally, everything gets lower costs because of the facility to trade.
- What are the goals for this agreement?
This agreement has 6 key objectives:
(1) to set and enforce rules for international trade, (2) to provide a forum for negotiating and monitoring further trade liberalization, (3) to resolve trade disputes, (4) to increase the transparency of decision-making processes, (5) to cooperate with other major international economic institutions involved in global economic management, and (6) to help developing countries benefit fully from the global trading system. Although shared by the GATT, in practice these goals have been pursued more comprehensively by the WTO.

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What countries are make-up this organization?
Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain and Sweden.
When was it started?
November 1st, 1993.
Is there an end date to the agreement?
No
What are the benefits for international trade?
The main benefit is a lower price for consumers. It also improves resource allocation through specialization, lowers profit margins of domestic producers and increases operating efficiency of domestic firms
What are the goals for this agreement?
The main goals for this agreement are: to promote peace, its values and the well-being of its citizens; offer freedom, security and justice without internal borders. sustainable development based on balanced economic growth and price stability, a highly competitive market economy with full employment and social progress, and environmental protection