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*The period after the Civil war.
*Established by congress
*Over 4,000,000 newly freed slaves

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April 15th 1865 Abraham Lincoln is assassinated

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April 15th 1865 Abraham Lincoln is assassinated

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*Shot in the head by John Wilkes Booth
*took place at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C.

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April 16th 1865 Andrew Johnson becomes president

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April 16th 1865 Andrew Johnson becomes president

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* was vice president for only 42 days
*Later on impeached 2 years later for political conflict

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May 17th 1865 First black code was passed

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May 17th 1865 First black code was passed

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*limit the freedom of African Americans
* ensured their availability as a cheap labor force after slavery was abolished during the Civil War
in late 1865 mississippi and south carolina enacted the first black codes. Mississippi’s law required Black people to have written evidence of employment for the coming year each January

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 December 6th 1865 Ratification of 13th amendment

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 December 6th 1865 Ratification of 13th amendment

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*abolished slavery in the United States
* “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction."

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vu0NuJ7mcgk

*The name of the Ku Klux Klan was derived from the Greek word kyklos, meaning “circle,” and the Scottish-Gaelic word “clan"
*exceeded 4 million people nationwide

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*all male persons born in the United States to be citizens no matter their skin color
*Although President Andrew Johnson vetoed the legislation, that veto was overturned by the 39th United STates congress  and the bill became law.
*The Civil Rights Act of 1866 was the nation's first civil rights law.

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*A 3 day riot in Tennessee
*The riot began when a white police officer attempted to arrest a black ex-soldier and an estimated fifty blacks showed up to stop the police from jailing him.
* about 47 people were killed

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*the process for readmitting Southern states into the Union
*The states were also required to craft new constitutions, which had to include universal male suffrage and needed approval by the U.S. Congress
*Ratification of the 14th amendment

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March 17th 1868 Southern constitutional conventions including freedman

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March 17th 1868 Southern constitutional conventions including freedman

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* Reconstruction Acts were passed, requiring southern states to create new constitutions in order to be readmitted to Congress.
*It gave women much greater freedom than ever before by being able to control their own wealth and to get divorced. It created a public school system that was open to all students, whatever their race.

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July 9th 1868 14th Amendment is ratified

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July 9th 1868 14th Amendment is ratified

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*everyone had the same rights as a citizen whether the were whites or former slaves
*The amendment had been rejected by most Southern states but was ratified by the required three-fourths of the states.
*known as the reconstruction amendment
* it forbids any state to deny any person "life, liberty or property, without due process of law" or to "deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws."

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February 3ed 1870 15th Amendment is ratified

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February 3ed 1870 15th Amendment is ratified

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*gave african american men the right to vote
* democrats attacked Republicans for forcing “Negro supremacy” on the South and the New York Herald announced that “All men are not equal.”

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November 7th 1876 Mississippi Plan or “Shotgun Policy”

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November 7th 1876 Mississippi Plan or “Shotgun Policy”

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*Bi-racial Republican governments lost most of their Federal support after the Democratic Congressional victories in the Elections of 1874.
*Democrats in control of the House of Representatives for the first time since the Civil War

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*was an unwritten deal, informally arranged among U.S. Congressmen, that settled the intensely disputed 1876 presidential election.
*Ended the reconstruction era