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Story reenactment is a strategy that helps students act out stories after they have read or heard them. Since reenactment is used in this strategy and can be done through listening to a story, simple knowledge of English is not necessarily required, but will help benefit the student and their understanding of the story more. Within the classroom, story reenactment can be done with using physical things to act out a story also.

http://poohbearclass.blogspot.com/2014/02/the-mitten-reenactment.html

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Close reading helps students understand meanings of a passage which leads to comprehension. To connect words with meaning, a high enough level of English to proficiently read a passage is needed. Close reading is used within classrooms in the possibility of groups working together on a passage to find and understand the deeper/overall meaning of a passage.

https://elementarynest.com/close-reading-in-classroom?utm_medium=referral&utm_source=firstgradenest.com&utm_campaign=redirect+from+firstgradenest.com

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Syntax surgery is the process of making thinking aloud become a visual process for students. This allows for making connections between words, phrases, and sentences. Higher knowledge of English and proficiency in English is needed for this strategy, as mental connections are being linked to physical. Within the classroom syntax surgery can be seen by giving sentences to students and letting them finish them in the correct way they think they should be, in a sense possibly recalling a passage or discussing details/story of something.

https://www.pinterest.com/mmsteelm/sentences/

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Contrastive Analysis studies two different languages to identify the differences and similarities in structure. Not only is basic understanding of English needed for this, but knowing and understanding another language, since the two are being compared and contrasted, is needed. Contrastive analysis can be seen especially in an ELL classroom, as going back and forth between two languages is common and the class is centered around that.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7_jXuw_Knc0

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Modeled talk consists of a verbal explanation along with a physical demonstration of a concept. In order for this strategy to be used correctly, students must have a significant understanding of the language they will be explaining the concept in. Modeled talk can be used in classrooms by a student or a group of students coming up with a simple craft, with written instructions them verbally speaking and physically demonstrating in front of the class, how to make this craft.

https://www.scholastic.com/teachers/teaching-tools/home.html

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Learning Centers are the areas seen in classrooms where students are engaging on hands-on activities that allow them to experience and expand skills that help them work collaboratively with students, these centers can also be used for language acquisition and development. There is not set level of language proficiency needed for learning centers as they depend on the grade and what each classroom needs individually. This strategy could be used in classroom specifically to ELL learners to expose them academic language which assists in their overall academic performance.

https://pellaearlylearning.org/

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Graphic organizers can be visual or physical pictures that show ideas and text or text connections, these aid for visual learners and younger children as everything is laid out and seen. A basic understanding of English is required for this strategy as children must be able to talk it out and through their graphic organizer. This strategy could be used in classrooms to discuss a reading and how all the parts/actions throughout the book lead up or relate to the main idea.

https://www.thoughtco.com/using-graphic-organizers-for-special-education-3110330

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TPR or total physical response approaches a student's second language acquisition based on where their first language acquisition is according to research done. This research is done by noting a child being able to follow a set sequence. Basic understanding of English and a certain concept/grasp mental level would be needed for this strategy to efficiently work. TPR or total physical response could be used within a classroom by reading to the children one time, in a language that is not their first, followed by them then telling you what happens in the story and what they learned from it; allowing them to physically talk about it and/or act it out.

http://opacli.blogspot.com/2015/06/total-physical-response-good.html

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Cooperative Learning is multiple strategies used to help students work together on a group project/task. Depending on the grade a certain level of language proficiency skill will be needed for this to be effectively used. This strategy addresses the need for student involvement within one another. This strategy could be utilized within the classroom within small groups working on individual parts of an assignment to bring forth to the class and each small group uses their part for an overall project/task.

https://goalbookapp.com/toolkit/v/strategy/cooperative-learning

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Students know what to expect to happen everyday in the classroom/what they are supposed to be doing.  Basic understanding of English or home language is needed for this strategy to work. This strategy is needed for organization and structure in classroom/setting rules. The strategy could be used within the classroom such as a daily schedule.

https://kaitlynostrander.wordpress.com/2014/01/27/predictable-routines-and-signals-pg-18/

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Manipulatives are physical items that students can handle in order to support their thinking process. The three subject areas of manipulatives consist of vocabulary, mathematics, and science. There are also four self-evaluation areas in relation to manipulatives: beginning, developing, accomplished, and exemplary. Basic understanding of comparing and explaining assists in this strategy working, typically in one set language. Within the classroom this is typically used or seen within Venn diagrams, comparing and contrasting something with explanation from the student.

https://singaporemathsource.com/manipulatives-make-the-math-concrete/

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Vocabulary role-play is a strategy that allows learners to make connections with past things learned, current learning and new or challenging vocabulary. There is an eight step process to implement vocabulary role-play which consists of: Identify key vocabulary, teach the lesson or read the book, connect the vocabulary to past experiences, sort the words, plan ways to use the words, give the students time to practice, perform the scenes, and focus on multiple word meanings. Vocabulary word-play can best be used successfully when involving a reading within the classroom. This means selecting unknown words and expanding extra discussion or reading around to fully understand and apply to new words.

https://www.scholastic.com/teachers/blog-posts/shari-carter/guided-reading-part-1-getting-set/

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The morning meeting strategy is one where students can come together in the morning before actually starting class and discuss anything going on in their life they would like to share, such things as their interests or world events. No set understanding of English or another language is required, it just depends on how much they understand and can grasp the language in the conversation. The morning meeting strategy could be used in the classroom once a teacher knows all her students are there, and before going over their day full of learning, have all students come to the rug in a circle and go around discussing.

https://www.responsiveclassroom.org/easy-ways-to-vary-morning-meeting-greetings/

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Culturally relevant, culturally responsive, and culturally sustaining strategies 

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Culturally relevant, culturally responsive, and culturally sustaining strategies 

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These different types of strategies all relate to culture and how to respect them and use strategies around or involving them within the classroom. In relation to these strategies a type of strategy that is used is post-it notes. These provide Provide post it notes for student to write context, thoughts, etc. while reading a text or a reading. In relation to a classroom setting, this provides students with own independent way to understand context and take notes.

https://cnycfblog.org/2014/12/18/adults-and-children-find-multicultural-learning-opportunities-through-partners-in-learning/

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Bilingual speakers incorporate their language into a commonly used language system. The level of proficiency for this would consist of understanding of English language/relation and translation from one to another. In relation to this, a strategy of translanguaging consists of emphasis on the task instead of the language. This is where a teacher acknowledges, honors, and validates the student’s choice to use either language at any time.

https://spanishiw.com/free-demo-class/

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50 Strategies for Teaching English Language Learners (sixth edition)
By: Adrienne Herrell and Michael Jordan

Toward Culturally Sustaining Teaching (2020)
By: Kindel Nash Turner, Crystal Polite Glover, and Bilal Polson