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Portugal started to colonize Angola in 1483. The area under control gradually expanded. It remained a Portuguese colony until 1975.

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Portugal originally colonized Angola to capture slaves. Slaves were the largest export from Angola until the 1800s when it was outlawed. In the 1850s, ivory, wax. and rubber became significant exports.

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Cloth and metal products made in Europe were sold in sold in Angola. They were cheaper than domestic alternatives, so they were imported to Angola. Peanuts, honey, animal skins, ivory, and rubber were exported.

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Many people were killed due to Portugal's wars with tribes and between tribes. Their power was threatened by Portugal, which resulted in the violence. Catholic and Protestant missionaries arrived from Europe and the United States. Colonizers built plantations for cotton, sugar, and palms and railways.

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“History of Angola.” Encyclopædia Britannica, https://www.britannica.com/place/Angola/History. Accessed 6 Dec. 2021.

“Njinga Mbandi Biography | Women.” UNESCO | Building Peace in the Minds of Men and Women, https://en.unesco.org/womeninafrica/njinga-mbandi/biography. Accessed 6 Dec. 2021.

Pires, Ana Paula. “The First World War in Portuguese East Africa: Civilian and Military Encounters in the Indian Ocean.” E-Journal of Portuguese History, Brown University, https://www.brown.edu/Departments/Portuguese_Brazilian_Studies/ejph/html/issue29/html/v15n1a06.html. Accessed 6 Dec. 2021.