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Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Charlotte smith -(MVE)

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Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Charlotte smith -(MVE)

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Both Charlotte Smith's 'To a Nightingale' and Samuel Taylor Coleridge's 'The Nightingale: A Conversation Poem' are  written using a set strict rhythm in order to convey their message; However, they differ in their view of the nightingale itself. Smith presents it as a 'poor melancholy bird.' Coleridge actually seems to reject the whole purpose of Smith's poem. Coleridge contrasts nature and society, whereas Smith stays largely with the natural world. Both of these pieces have similar titles, but  different messages about the natural world is in within them.Coleridge places it far above humanity, a constant aspiration, whereas Smith values human culture above nature, treats it as, perhaps, a child.

https://www.markedbyteachers.com/university-degree/linguistics-classics-and-related-subjects/compare-charlotte-smith-to-a-nightingale-and-coleridge-the-nightingale-a-conversation-poem.html

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William Blake and Percy Shelley aren't particularly known for their similarities, but they have a lot more in common than they get credit for. While William Blake was more of a "songy" sort of poet, Percy Shelley was more fixed on long poetry that proved a point. However, both Shelley and Blake had quite similar views. They both rebelled against conventional things and authority, and they did this in order to gain political, artistic, and personal freedom.
https://www.bartleby.com/essay/The-Romantic-Poetry-Of-Blake-And-Shelley-P33EGYEJFLLX
(FD)

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John Keats was well known from his "modern" poetic project. Where he and many other authors sought to write poetry that showed the human heart without grandeur. Keats saw Wordsworth as the beginning of the movement. https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poets/john-keats (SW)

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John Keats was born in London on 31 October 1795, the eldest of Thomas and Frances Jennings Keats’s four children. Although he died at the age of twenty-five, Keats had perhaps the most remarkable career of any English poet. He published only fifty-four poems, in three slim volumes and a few…

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According to this TIME article, Wollstonecraft is the mother of Shelley. She did not have the chance to live to see Shelley become a writer as she died just a week after her birth. Despite this, she was a major inspiration for her daughter who followed in her footsteps as a writer. In fact, Shelley's father taught her how to read by tracing the letter on her mother's gravestone. Her mother's grave became a safe space for her and was even the first place she confessed her love for Percy Shelley.
https://time.com/5133735/wollstonecraft-grave-mary-shelley-frankenstein/ (EMH)

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The Eerie Gravestone Where Frankenstein's Story Began

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Even in death, Mary Wollstonecraft played a central role in her daughter Mary Shelley's life

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Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Anna Letitia Barbauld

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Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Anna Letitia Barbauld

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Anna Laetitia Barbauld wrote Samuel Taylor Coleridge a poetic letter after they met in Auguest, 1797. The poem deeply admired Coleridge's work as Barbauld admired him. Barbauld would go on to continue writing and take inspiration from Coleridge, using his philosphies in a feminized fasion.
http://goosebump-poetry.blogspot.com/2016/12/anna-laetitia-barbauld-to-mr-coleridge.html

(MV)

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Anna Laetitia Barbauld – To Mr. Coleridge on Romanticism

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Romanticism idealised the pastoral. Image Copyright Janet Cameron To Mr. Coleridge was written by Anna Laetitia Barbauld to Samuel T…

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Both poets used their craft to educate the public about the world around them, they would both reveal events and holes in society, typically aimed around the church, the slave trade, and the industrial revolution.
https://www.bartleby.com/essay/Compare-And-Contrast-William-Blake-And-Charlotte-FYPW9WB6QQ6

(MV)

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Charlotte Smith and Mary Shelley both suffered traumatic pasts marked by losing their mothers (Shelley at birth and Smith as a young child), rocky marital relationships beginning as teenagers, and the loss of a child. Both women were pioneers, Charlotte as the first romantic poet, and Shelley as an influential author of horror and science fiction. Both women had difficult home lives and I wonder if this encouraged them to escape into their imaginations in order to relieve some of the pain of their realities.
https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-25790
https://www.biography.com/writer/mary-shelley (EK)

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Smith [née Turner], Charlotte (1749-1806), poet and novelist

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"Smith [née Turner], Charlotte (1749-1806), poet and novelist" published on by Oxford University Press.

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Coleridge and Wordsworth met in 1795 and began a friendship that had a huge impact on the English Romantic Period. Despite working together to create the groundbreaking Lyrical Ballads, Coleridge and Wordsworth had very different approaches to poetry. Coleridge believed the passion and feelings of poetry should be expressed through the poet, while Wordsworth often employed ventriloquism and transferred those passions and feelings to the characters in the poem. This was a major source of contrition between the two and resulted in an unfinished collaboration of 'The Three Graves’. Coleridge and Wordsworth would argue over which method was better but were never able to reach an agreement. Would either poet have held such strong opinions on the matter had they not been challenged? I wonder if their friendship, and the need of each man to ‘prove’ his style was superior, while disastrous for later collaborations, may have encouraged each author to become a stronger poet in his own right.

https://sites.udel.edu/britlitwiki/the-conflict/
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Samuel-Taylor-Coleridge
(EK)

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Artistic Conflicts

"The passion that Wordsworth expressed in poetry was likely to be that of his characters; the passion that Coleridge looked for was mainly that of the poet" (Parrish, 371).

As is common with any pair of friends, Wordsworth and Coleridge did not agree on everything. One of the most upsetting conflicts was a result of their individual opinions on poetry. Both men took their turn in experimenting with the written word but refused to agree on which method was better. This posed a problem while the two were writing Lyrical Ballads. After looking over the third edition of Lyrical Ballads in July of 1802, Coleridge confessed his worries to his friend William Sotheby. His concerns were based on the belief that there simply was "a radical difference" (Parrish, 367) of opinions about poetry. Both writers agree that the other is talented but that did not stop them from having constant criticism of one another's works.

The partners attempted collaboration while writing "The Three Graves," where Wordsworth was to be the author of parts I and II and Coleridge would write the next two. The intention of this piece was to be "narrated by an old Sexton, in a country church-yard, to a traveler whose curiosity had been awakened by the appearance of the three graves, close by each other" (Parrish, 368). After Wordsworth completed his sections, Coleridge decided that they did not fit with his ideas. Coleridge and Wordsworth could not agree on how to best portray this image and they eventually failed to complete "The Three Graves" due to their differing opinions.

A poem that closely resembles the attempted "The Three Graves" is Wordsworth's "The Thorn." Wordsworth wrote "The Thorn" as an experiment of the psychological study of the imagination and superstition, where the imagination is that of the narrator. It is for this reason that "The Thorn" best represents the main objective of Lyrical Ballads: "To trace the situations of common life 'the primary laws of our nature: chiefly as far as regards the manner in which we associate ideas in a state of excitement" (Parrish, 368). Wordsworth believed that he was more capable of embracing the theme of a curse in "The Thorn" because they were not "supernatural or even real, but only the products of the superstitious imagination." (Parrish, 369)

The collaboration of "The Three Graves" remained unfinished so Coleridge decided to make his own attempt at writing a "Three Graves" in 1809. He excluded the parts that Wordsworth wrote but he still used similar methods as Wordsworth's "The Thorn" by continuing with the notion of a psychological study of imagination and superstition. Unlike "The Thorn," the imagination of the piece was not set in the mind of the narrator but instead to the person in the narrator's story. Wordsworth did not agree with Coleridge's change in method for he felt that he was unable to project himself into the lives of his character. He believed that "having always too much personal and domestic discontent, he [Coleridge] couldn't afford to suffer with those he saw suffer." (Parrish, 369) Wordsworth also discovered this same lack of emotion in Coleridge's "Ancient Mariner" and "Christabel."

Just as Wordsworth disagreed with Coleridge's methods, Coleridge disagreed with Wordsworth's. He even went so far as to say that there were five of Wordsworth's poems ("The Thorn" included) that would have been more enjoyable in prose. Sometimes he was fond of Wordsworth's style: until the final editing stage. Coleridge believed that many of Wordsworth's moderations were irrelevant and often ruined the original work. He did not understand the late changes that Wordsworth made to his poem, "Ruth." He had initially described this poem as the "finest poem in the collection." (Parrish, 370) Coleridge believed that the alterations formed a sense of ventriloquism of poetry, which is the act of transferring the feelings of the poet into the body of the persons in the poem. When writing the Preface to Lyrical Ballads, Coleridge was pleased calling the work "half a child of my own brain," (Parrish, 370) but he was not pleased to discover that Wordsworth modified the work to his own liking.

Wordsworth transformed Coleridge's "child" into a ventriloquist piece in his modifications. The changes he made favored the act of ventriloquism without actually using that term to describe it. He explains the importance of dramatic technique especially when the writer chooses to speak "through the mouths of his characters" (Parrish, 371). He believed that truth within poetry should be a psychological truth. A poet should take his own feelings and project himself into the lives of his characters, as to show genuine emotion. It is only through this act of ventriloquism that and author can reach his highest potential. Wordsworth believed that Coleridge could not reach this ultimate truth because he had yet to accept and be true to his own feelings.

Coleridge did not feel that a poet showed his greatness through crazy experiments. He believed that "poetry as poetry is essentially ideal, that it avoids and excludes all accident, " which suggest that a poet must be "typical, not individual" (Parrish, 372).

In 1803, in a letter to Thomas Poole, Coleridge claims that he had often suggested that Wordsworth should abandon the ballad and move towards philosophy. Despite his urging, Coleridge never informed Wordsworth about his hidden aggression towards his writing. His beliefs against Wordsworth style remained strong for most of his life but in the last years of his life, Coleridge wrote about his partner with as great an admiration, as he had when they were young.
Back to Coleridge and Wordsworth
Parrish, Stephen M. "The Wordsworth-Colerdige Controversy." PMLA 73 (1958): 367-374. JSTOR. 18 Nov. 2007
http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0030-8129(195809)73%3A4%3C367%3ATWC%3E2.0.CO%3B2-9.

Image: https://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/18/books/review/Campbell.t.html?_r=1&oref=slogin

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Artistic Conflicts "The passion that Wordsworth expressed in poetry was likely to be that of his characters; the passion that Coleridge look...

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Shelley and Wordsworth were friends during this period, but Shelley had dislikes about Wordsworths work. Shelley made a poem about Wordsworth attacking him as a poet. The poem was called "To Wordsworth". Shelley portrays through this poem that Wordsworth lost his ability to communicate to his community through poetry. Shelley writes, "Thus having been, than thou shouldst, cease to be", meaning that Shelley believed Wordsworth should be writing poetry at all because it could've been better than having that talent and then losing it. https://owlcation.com/humanities/The-Rift-Between-Wordsworth-and-Shelley
(AL)

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I don't think anyone said this but it is hard to tell. Not only were there poems different, Lord Byron and John Keats had a rivalry and dislike between one another. The main difference between the two was that Byron was a "more elite" poet during this time and saw himself above Keats because Keats was a middle class man with little money. Byron was praised for his poetry and didn't like Keats poetry, he described him as a "Cockney" poet. Keats became jealous of Byron and believed the only reason Byron succeeded was because he was a wealthy aristocrat. https://englishhistory.net/keats/lord-byron-john-keats-rivalry/
(AL)

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Both Keats and Wordsworth lost both parents at young ages: Keats losing his father at age 8 and mother at age 14. Wordsworth lost his mother at 7, and his father at 13. We discussed how Keats' poem "When I Have Fears That I May Cease to Be," was probably influenced by the loss of his parents at an early age. I feel that this also could have influenced William Wordsworth's work as well.
(https://poets.org/poet/john-keats)
(https://www.britannica.com/biography/William-Wordsworth) (BL)

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read this poet's poems
English Romantic poet John Keats was born on October 31, 1795, in London. The oldest of four children, he lost both his parents at a young age. His father, a livery-stable keeper, died when Keats was eight; his mother died of tuberculosis six years later. After his mother's death, Keats's maternal grandmother appointed two London merchants, Richard Abbey and John Rowland Sandell, as guardians. Abbey, a prosperous tea broker, assumed the bulk of this responsibility, while Sandell played only a minor role. When Keats was fifteen, Abbey withdrew him from the Clarke School, Enfield, to apprentice with an apothecary-surgeon and study medicine in a London hospital. In 1816 Keats became a licensed apothecary, but he never practiced his profession, deciding instead to write poetry.

Around this time, Keats met Leigh Hunt, an influential editor of the Examiner, who published his sonnets "On First Looking into Chapman's Homer" and "O Solitude." Hunt also introduced Keats to a circle of literary men, including the poets Percy Bysshe Shelley and William Wordsworth. The group's influence enabled Keats to see his first volume, Poems by John Keats, published in 1817. Shelley, who was fond of Keats, had advised him to develop a more substantial body of work before publishing it. Keats, who was not as fond of Shelley, did not follow his advice. Endymion, a four-thousand-line erotic/allegorical romance based on the Greek myth of the same name, appeared the following year. Two of the most influential critical magazines of the time, the Quarterly Review and Blackwood's Magazine, attacked the collection. Calling the romantic verse of Hunt's literary circle "the Cockney school of poetry," Blackwood's declared Endymion to be nonsense and recommended that Keats give up poetry. Shelley, who privately disliked Endymion but recognized Keats's genius, wrote a more favorable review, but it was never published. Shelley also exaggerated the effect that the criticism had on Keats, attributing his declining health over the following years to a spirit broken by the negative reviews.

Keats spent the summer of 1818 on a walking tour in Northern England and Scotland, returning home to care for his brother, Tom, who suffered from tuberculosis. While nursing his brother, Keats met and fell in love with a woman named Fanny Brawne. Writing some of his finest poetry between 1818 and 1819, Keats mainly worked on "Hyperion," a Miltonic blank-verse epic of the Greek creation myth. He stopped writing "Hyperion" upon the death of his brother, after completing only a small portion, but in late 1819 he returned to the piece and rewrote it as "The Fall of Hyperion" (unpublished until 1856). That same autumn Keats contracted tuberculosis, and by the following February he felt that death was already upon him, referring to the present as his "posthumous existence."

In July 1820, he published his third and best volume of poetry, Lamia, Isabella, The Eve of St. Agnes, and Other Poems. The three title poems, dealing with mythical and legendary themes of ancient, medieval, and Renaissance times, are rich in imagery and phrasing. The volume also contains the unfinished "Hyperion," and three poems considered among the finest in the English language, "Ode on a Grecian Urn," "Ode on Melancholy," and "Ode to a Nightingale." The book received enthusiastic praise from Hunt, Shelley, Charles Lamb, and others, and in August, Frances Jeffrey, influential editor of the Edinburgh Review, wrote a review praising both the new book and Endymion.

The fragment "Hyperion" was considered by Keats's contemporaries to be his greatest achievement, but by that time he had reached an advanced stage of his disease and was too ill to be encouraged. He continued a correspondence with Fanny Brawne and-when he could no longer bear to write to her directly-her mother, but his failing health and his literary ambitions prevented their getting married. Under his doctor's orders to seek a warm climate for the winter, Keats went to Rome with his friend, the painter Joseph Severn. He died there on February 23, 1821, at the age of twenty-five, and was buried in the Protestant cemetery.

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read this poet's poems English Romantic poet John Keats was born on October 31, 1795, in London. The oldest of four children, he lost both his parents at a young age. His father, a livery-stable keeper, died when Keats was eight; his mother died of tuberculosis six years later.

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Charlotte Smith, accredited as the earliest Romantic poet, influenced those who followed her; including William Wordsworth who helped catalyze the English Romantic Movement. I wonder how the Romantic movement might have looked different if Charlotte Smith didn't write about the sublime and nature: Could the whole movement have looked entirely different, or never existed at all? (Source for Charlotte Smith above)(https://www.britannica.com/biography/William-Wordsworth(https://mypoeticside.com/poets/charlotte-smith-poems) (BL)

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Born in 1749, Charlotte Smith was a writer who was most well known for her romantic sonnets. Indeed, she can perhaps be rightly called the first of the romantic poets, influencing those who followed, including William Wordsworth. Outspoken for the time, she once described her early marriage as nothing more than prostitution, but although it was not the happiest of relationships she still managed to have 13 children with her husband.

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Keats and Shelley were both very harsh towards each others work, they were for sure not classified as friends. These two didn't get along very well because they both had different mindsets when it came to poetry. Shelley was into politics and philosophy while Keats was into unobtrusive poetry. Although these two were not very close Shelley still made an elegy in honor of Keats and his work. (JBS)

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For all their being yoked together in the minds of the public, the two are quite different poets, and were critical of one another…

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In the early stages of Byron's writing career he meet with Percy and his wife Mary. Mary has a sister named Claire that Byron got attached to and an affair with that ended in her getting pregnant. As they all got closer to each other they began to help each other with a wide variety of ideas to which they could make stories about, this helped them progress a lot in their writing journeys due to the fact that it wasn't just them writing the stories, it was a group project. These two men were two of the best writers of their time, they were very good partners. (JBS)

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Lord Byron, also known as George Gordon Byron, George Gordon Noel, and the Sixth Baron Byron, was one of the most influential writers from the Romantic Era of literature. He is famous for his poetry, but infamous his no-holds-barred lifestyle. Lord Byron was born on January 22nd of 1788 in London (some think Dover) to John “Mad Jack” Byron and Mad Jack’s second wife, Catherine Gordon who later had a strange relationship with her son and a drinking problem. Byron’s father was notorious for…

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William Wordsworth and Samuel Coleridge had a working relationship and worked on various projects and ballads together. These ballads marked the beginning of the Romantic English period of writing. After a while, Wordsworth and Coleridge grew apart and took on their own separate journeys. Similar to them Percy Shelley and Mary Shelley had an actual relationship and were married. Percy and Mary did not necessarily work together on their literature, but they did play off of each other with ideas. Though the both relationships are very different, they are also similar because of the hard work they put into their writings and pieces as teams. (HB)
Citations: (https://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/15/books/15eder.html).
(https://www.biography.com/writer/mary-shelley).

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Both Blake and Wordsworth lost a brother they were very close to. In both circumstances it heavily influenced their careers. Blake believed his brother's spirit lived with him and claimed he instructed him on how to make the illustrations for his poems. While Wordsworth's writing changed to be more solemn and elevated. His next poem expressed that he had lost the ability to see the light in life that he once did. https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poets/william-blake https://www.britannica.com/biography/William-Wordsworth
(HK)

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Mary Wollstonecraft is best known for her feminist novel in which she writes that women should be given the right to make their own living and support themselves. At the age of 19 Wollstonecraft opens a school with her sister, then becomes a governess and later works as a translator and literary advisor. Similarly, Charlotte Smith leaves her husband, moves to France and writes to support herself and her children. Both of these women defied the societal expectations of a 'woman's place' in the 19th century.
https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/mary-wollstonecraft-a-vindication-of-the-rights-of-woman
https://mypoeticside.com/poets/charlotte-smith-poems
(HK)

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Lord Byron, Mary Shelley and a group of others were staying in a villa together. To entertain themselves, they began sharing ghost stories. Later, this turned into a challenge of who could write the best horror story. This led to the start of Shelley's Frankenstein and
Byron's poem "The Darkness." Without the influence of the other, both of these works of literature may never have been created. https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/28063/how-friendly-writing-contest-resulted-three-literary-classics (EMH)

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How a Friendly Writing Contest Resulted in Three Literary Classics

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These days, damp, rainy spells usually inspire us to curl up on the couch and watch an American Pickers marathon (tell me that’s not just me). But back in 1816 - also known as “The Year Without a Summer” - the results were much different. The summer was rainy and abnormal because India’s Indonesia’s Mount Tambora (“Pompeii of the east”) had recently erupted, creating a volcanic winter. Lord Byron and writer John William Polidori were staying at a villa near Lake Geneva when Claire Clairmont (Mary

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Anna Laetitia Barbauld and Mary Wollstonecraft 

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Anna Laetitia Barbauld and Mary Wollstonecraft 

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Both of these women were very successful but both of them had very different ideas on what role women played in society. When Mary Wollstonecraft published A Vindication of the Rights of Woman, Anna Laetitia Barbauld published a peom called "The Rights of Women". This poem was a very obvious and anit-feminist response to Mary Wollstonecraft's work. Barbauld clearly didn't like women, like Wollstonecraft, who very openly expressed their political ideas. (WT)
https://www.shmoop.com/study-guides/poetry/the-rights-of-women-poem

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These two were married but they had a very rocky marriage. Percy was already married before he ran off with Mary. They struggle with money for a long time and lost their first child after only a few days. However, they big connection between the two is that the novel "Frankenstein", which was published anonymously, was orginally thought to be written by Percy, but it was later discovered that this game-changing novel was written by Mary Shelley instead. (WT)
https://www.biography.com/writer/mary-shelley#:~:text=In%201814%2C%20Mary%20began%20a,England%20together%20that%20same%20year.

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Mary Shelley - The Mother of Science of Fiction

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The “Mother of Science Fiction” is best known for her horror novel Frankenstein, or the Modern Prometheus.

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John Keats and Mary Prince both make use of a first person narrative in their writing. While the two have very different styles, John Keats' "When I Have Fears That I May Cease to Be" employs Romantic elements to spark emotion and feeling in the same way that Mary Prince's personal slave narrative elicits strong reactions from readers.
https://poets.org/poem/when-i-have-fears-i-may-cease-be
https://docsouth.unc.edu/neh/prince/prince.html
(IW)

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When I Have Fears that I May Cease to Be

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When I have fears that I may cease to be

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Charlotte Smith and Anna Laetitia Barbara

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Charlotte Smith and Anna Laetitia Barbara

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Both Charlotte Smith and Anna Laetitia Barbara defied the societal expectations of their time. After authoring her first collection in prison, Charlotte Smith used her popularity to fight for women's rights, and left her husband to support her 13 children with her own work, which was unheard of in the 18th century. Similarly, Anna Laetitia Barbara was an outspoken literary critic, publishing everything from poetry to children's books.
https://mypoeticside.com/poets/charlotte-smith-poems
https://mypoeticside.com/poets/anna-laetitia-barbauld-poems (IW)

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William Wordsworth was a close friend and colleague of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, who worked with him to create Lyrical Ballads in 1798, a collection of short poems by the two men. Each poet made major contributions to the Romantic Period, with Wordsworth being known for his beautiful imagery and power to evoke strong emotions in the reader. Similarly, Coleridge's work also embodied qualities of Romantic poetry, while he also produced significant literary criticism.
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Samuel-Taylor-Coleridge
https://www.britannica.com/biography/William-Wordsworth (IW)

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My post pertains to my connection of John Keats and Lord Byron. Both poets often wrote about love, but where Lord Byron focused on physical beauty, such as in his amorous poem “She Walks in Beauty”, John Keats often focused on the beauty of nature, and the bitterness in farewells. In John Keats’ poem “Ode on Melancholy”, the poet may be saying that he must treasure the time he has left with the places and/or people he loves, and must cherish every moment. https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/43844/she-walks-in-beauty https://poets.org/poem/ode-melancholy (RM)

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My post pertains to my connection of Mary Wollstonecraft and Mary Shelley. Mary Wollstonecraft was Mary Shelley’s mother, and wrote extensively on the harmful stigmas which surrounded women. Many females helped perpetuate these stigmas, which inspired Wollstonecraft’s belief that women should not fall into complacency simply because it was convenient and expected. I wonder if Wollstonecraft’s theories on dependence could have applied to Mary Shelley, who had a sometimes unhappy relationship with Percy Shelley. Might Mary Shelley have left her husband if she’d had financial stability of her own? https://www.bartleby.com/144/103.html https://www.biography.com/writer/mary-shelley (RM)

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Zora Neale Hurston and Kate Chopin both use vernacular in their fiction https://www.pbs.org/speak/seatosea/powerprose/hurston/ and https://lsaw.lib.lehigh.edu/index.php/williams/article/view/35/21 (KSB)