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References

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2021 Ilocos Norte Landslide News Article

1. Landslides render 2 Ilocos Norte-Abra road sections impassable

https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1156647
2. Landslide causes road closure in Pagudpud town
https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1148213
3. Manila North Road in Pagudpud impassable due to landslide
https://mb.com.ph/2021/12/02/manila-north-road-in-pagudpud-impassable-due-to-landslide/

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The Negative Impact of Social Media in Sexual and Reproductive Health 

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The Negative Impact of Social Media in Sexual and Reproductive Health 

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As beneficial social media platforms are, it could also increase the negativity and misinformation towards the issue of HIV and teenage pregnancy. Social media platforms, by design, encourage users to share information effortlessly through a click of a button, and yet, information often gets distorted along the way. Misleading posts all over the internet, and exposure to sexual content could negatively affect people, especially teenagers. As a result, it could pressure them to engage in sexual activities making them susceptible to HIV and unplanned, unwanted pregnancies.

A disadvantage of using social media to communicate about teenage pregnancy and HIV prevention and treatment are technology barriers, cost, lack of physical interaction, and lack of privacy (Taggart et al.) Poor individuals in the community could not afford to purchase load or data for some prefer to spend it on their daily needs such as food. Meanwhile, there is a lack of privacy due to the risks of hacks present in social media, therefore, it could expose them, worst-case scenario is to be shamed about it.

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The Positive Impact of Social Media in Sexual and Reproductive Health 

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The Positive Impact of Social Media in Sexual and Reproductive Health 

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Social Media plays a major role in relaying relevant information. The “AYAT Advocacy” is an example of using social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and TikTok in order to educate the community about Sexual and Reproductive Health. It maximizes social media platforms to spark awareness on HIV and teenage pregnancy. Moreover, it facilitates discourse to address stigma and discrimination against affected individuals. It serves as a safe space among the Ilocanos to ask questions and be educated on such matters.

It disseminates creative infographics with credible references regarding tips and guides on HIV, and on how to prevent teen pregnancy, emphasizing sex education.

The advocates also discuss correct myths and misconceptions surrounding these issues, and most are in Ilokano, which makes it easier in the community to understand and relate to.

Lastly, it informs the community on what and where to access sexual health services and the locations of the different HIV testing facilities found in the province of Ilocos Norte.

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"To ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages."

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Social Media emerged as a powerful communication

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Social Media emerged as a powerful communication

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HIV/AIDS Awareness programs help people become aware of the levels of care and treatment.

With Insufficient knowledge on HIV, people are prone to misinformation and fake news, hence, making them more susceptible to acquiring the virus.

“Awareness of this virus and how it affects us is the most effective way to end this worldwide killer disease. Information is every individual’s protection, and everyone may take part in this campaign.'

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High cases of teenage pregnancy are expected in areas where sexual health topics are taboo and access to sexual and reproductive health services is very limited. Unfortunately, Ilocos Norte is among those places.

It is young women from the poorest urban and rural communities that usually fall into the trap of teen pregnancy. This is related to their low educational attainment and lack of awareness and access to sexual health information and services.

Prevention efforts should both be targeted to teen partners, thus, teen dads should be held accountable as well.

While efforts by the government have already been done to address teen pregnancy, reaching out to vulnerable communities and sustaining these efforts remain a major challenge.

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As of December 2018, there have been a total of 1,351 reported cases of HIV/AIDS in the region with an average of 21 cases per month.

The highest number of cases, according to the report are male, aged 25 to 34.

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Birth Statistics Ilocos Region: January 2020 Report

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8,070 Ilocano teen mothers aged 12-19 were reported in the Ilocos Region in 2019, 846 of which are from the province of Ilocos Norte.

As of 2020, 832 teenage mothers and 266 teenage fathers were reported in the Ilocos Region PSA Birth Statistics.

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A road clearing operation last December 02, 2021 in Barangay Pancian, Pagudpud, Ilocos Norte. 

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Algorithms for much earlier detection or predicting a landslide 24 hours or even a week in advance is still in the process of development. Hence, residents have no sufficient time to prepare and evacuate in advance. With only minutes to evacuate susceptibility to injuries are possible.

The device could send out false alarms, and cause unnecessary anxiety and fear among the residents and officials.

Electrical Sensors can be easily damaged, hence repairs and or maintenance could be costly.

Placement of the sensors needs manpower, thus, it is prone to accidents related to operating on high scaffolding.

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Monitoring plays a fundamental role in landslide risk management. 

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It is a low-cost early warning system amounting to approximately ₱14, 100. It is nearly 200 times lower than a conventional monitoring system.

The accelerometer moves whenever the soil moves, thus, recording the extent of the movement. It acquires a range of data that allows personnel to track small displacement in soil which could result in landslides.

It can also alert officials unto what area must be closely monitored as solid movements indicate the hill is at risk of sliding.

When it detects a significant displacement, it emits loud noises and sends text messages to officials for evacuation purposes of the residents, and halt vehicular movement around the area.

Landslides are predicted 10 minutes before they occur. Additionally, it predicts extreme weather events, and sends rainfall alerts in advance if more than 5mm of rain is predicted. This is possible through the help of Artificial Intelligence and machine learning algorithms.

The technology has shown some success already. Last July 27, 2018, it was able to alert officials about an impending landslide. The road was washed away, but no one on the road was affected for the police were able to turn away the vehicles.

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Innovation as key in reducing the effects of Landslide.

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It is a significant hazard to human life, buildings, and transport routes. 

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It is a significant hazard to human life, buildings, and transport routes. 

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Last July 2021, the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) reported that Manila North Road in Sitio Banquero, Barangay Pancian, Pagudpud town in Ilocos Norte remain impassible or have limited access due to landslides from heavy rains caused by Severe Tropical Storm Maring.
Meanwhile, in the aftermath of Typhoon Goni in 2015, a total of 6 people have been confirmed killed in landslides in the Cordillera region and Ilocos Norte, and in August 2019, a 17-year-old girl in the town of Pasuquin was killed in a landslide brought on by tropical storm Bailu (Ineng).
Proactive responsibility becomes evident only after a landslide occurs. These band-aid solutions evident in Ilocos Norte are clearing the road landslide per landslide, moreover prepositioning heavy equipment and personnel of the DPWH in case of any untoward incident. Thus, technological advancement must be maximized & utilized.

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The occurrence of typhoons with various degrees of severity and the ever-changing weather conditions could exacerbate the number of landslide occurrences.

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The Landslide Hazard Map of Ilocos Norte

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Based on the Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Mines and Geo-Science Bureau (DENR MGB) Ilocos Norte is included in the top 10 landslides-prone provinces in the Philippines.

The risk of landslides in the Philippines, one of the most disaster-prone countries in the world, is increasing, experts warn.

"The rains are becoming so intense," said MGB's Cordillera Administration Region (CAR) chief geologist Fay Apil. "Definitely, the landslides are getting worse."

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Bahagi ng highway ng Pagudpod, Ilocos Norte, nagka-landslide | News Live

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Ilocos Region’s economy declines by 7.7 percent in 2020.

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     The Province of Ilocos Norte, The Philippines

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     The Province of Ilocos Norte, The Philippines

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Ilocos Norte is a province of the Philippines located in the Ilocos Region. Its capital is Laoag City, located in the northwest corner of Luzon Island, bordering Cagayan and Apayao to the east, Abra to the southeast, and Ilocos Sur to the southwest. Its current Governor is Matthew Joseph Marcos Manotoc.

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Ilocos Norte's Administrative Division

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Map of the Philippines showing Ilocos Norte

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Combination of a Globe and Map showing Ilocos Norte 

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Combination of a Globe and Map showing Ilocos Norte 

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In 1571, when the Spanish conquistadors had Manila more or less under their control, they began looking for new sites to conquer. Juan de Salcedo, 22 years old voyager volunteered to lead one of these expeditions. On June 13, 1572, Salcedo and his men landed in present-day Vigan and then proceeded towards Laoag, Currimao and Badoc. As they sailed along the coast, they were surprised to see numerous sheltered coves (looc) where the locals lived in harmony. As a result, they named the region Ylocos and its people Ylocanos.