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Japan looking to expand and increase it's supply of natural resources invades Manchuria and establishes a puppet government (in violation of the League of Nations)

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Stimson Doctrine
Explanation here

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As WWI came to a close, Americans felt their entrance into the war was a mistake and wanted to isolate themselves so they don't produce a new war.
Neutrality Act of 1935 - prohibited arms shipments and prohibited US citizens to travel on ships of countries at war
Neutrality Act of 1936 - prohibited expansion of credit to countries at war
Neutrality Act of 1937 - prohibited arms shipments to the Spanish Civil War

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Ethiopia, 1935: Italians, under Mussolini invaded Ethiopia. Although the League of Nations and the US objected, they didn't interfere so Italy took over Ethiopia after a 1 year war.

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Rhineland, 1936: This area was supposed to be demilitarized under the Treaty of Versailles but Hitler openly defied the treaty, ordering Germany troops there.

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China, 1937: War broke out between Japan and China (A US gunboat was sunk by the Japanese and the US accepted Japan's apologies)

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In 1937, Roosevelt gave a Quarantine Speech, proposing the democracy to "quarantine" Japan but the public opinion to this war negative so this idea ended.

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Sudetentland, 1938: Hitler felt that Germany should be able to take over Sudententland since most of the people were of German decent. Britain (Chamberlain), France (Daladier), Germany and Italian leaders met at Munich and Hitler was allowed to take the land

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US Preparedness after Dictator's invasions

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US Preparedness after Dictator's invasions

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Roosevelt convinced the government it would be a good idea to expand its military in order to defend itself in the future if needed. This increased the military budget by 2/3s and isolations agreed thinking this military would only be used in self defense on US territory.

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Hitler broke the Munich agreement and sent troops to occupy the entirety of Czechoslovakia.
- The appeasement of Hitler failed, and it became evident that there was no limit to his actions and war was now unavoidable.

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Stalin and Hitler signed a nonaggression pact.
(Both dictators agreed to divide Poland between them in secret)
- This surprised Britain and France as they assumed they could count on Stalin as communism and fascism were ideological enemies.

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In 1940, as WWI began in Asia and Europe, America's First Committee was formed in order to push public opinion against entering into WWII

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Invasion of Poland
- The German army began a full-scale invasion of Poland.
- As promised, Britain and France declared war against Germany — and were soon in war with its Axis allies, Italy and Japan (the start of WWII in Europe).

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Roosevelt successfully persuaded Congress in 1939 to adopt a less restrictive Neutrality Act.
- This Act lifted the arms embargo and put all trade with belligerent nations under the terms of “cash-and-carry”.
- A belligerent nation could buy U.S. arms if it used its own ships and paid in cash (this strongly favored Britain).

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After the German army’s successful ‘blitzkrieg’ (lightning war) against Poland, the war resumed in the spring of 1940 with Germany attacking Scandinavia to the north and its chief enemy, France, to the west.
- Denmark and Norway surrendered in a few days.
- France surrendered in a week.

By June 1940, the only ally that remained free of German troops was Great Britain.

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The Selective Training and Service Act
- Roosevelt pushed neutrality back (without actually naming Germany as the potential enemy) by persuading Congress to enact a law for compulsory military service.
- This act provided for the registration of all American men between the ages of 21 and 35 and for the training of 1.2 million troops in one year.
- Public opinion shifted away from strict neutrality.

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FDR was looking for a third term, which would never happen again in American history. Wendell Willkie was the Republican representative to go against FDR. The result led Roosevelt winning his third term with a foundation of a strong economic recovery enhanced by defense purchases and fear of war, which caused voters to stay with the more experienced leader.

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The United States proposed lending money to Britain for the purchase of US war materials. FDR said that the US has a responsibility to defend the four freedoms in the first amendment.

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Lend-Lease Act was signed. This ended the cash and carry requirement of the Neutrality Act and permitted Britain to obtain all the US arms it needed on credit.

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The president extended US Support to Britain on the water because they wanted escort British ships that had the materials for the British from America. On September 4th, the American destroyer Greer was attacked by a German Sub. Roosevelt was mad so he ordered the navy to attack all German ships on sight. This made the US fighting an undeclared naval war against Germany.

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Japan and the United States were in negotiations because Japan needed American oil and America needed the money. Japan attacked China when the US said no so the United States pulled back on resources to Japan which lead to the attack on Pearl Harbor.