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- all the undergrowth got trampled by the visitors and died
- there were small pop-up stands selling drinks and snacks for the visitors
- trees got cut down from around the tree
- the tree is located in a neighborhood forest and the streets got so flooded with the visitors' cars that people living in the area could not get to their own homes
- the trees condition got worse so they put up a fence to keep the visitors from going too close to it
- overall landscape is not beautiful anymore

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- lush undergrowth
- a lot of other trees surrounding it
- you could stand under the tree

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Before the place was famous and visited often

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Glacier melting

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After the place had hunderds to thousands visitors per day

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Give examples from the Arctic Europe,
Pictures from there too

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Ecotourism: There are some ecotourism destinations in Arctic Europe such as Fjallabak and Skaftafell in Iceland.

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statistic (scroll down to see the figure)

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• Effect of tourism in Iceland 2018 _ Statista

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-animals extinction f.ex. arctic fox and Saimaannorrppa
-animals living habitat getting smaller (f.ex. polar bear because of the melting ice)

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- Global warming --> the period of premanent snow becomes shorter --> affects the whole ecosystem (F. ex. Finland, Norway)

- To transport the tourists, companies need oil --> possible oil spills --> distruction of habitats and whole ecosystems

- destruction of arctic vegetation because of constant trampling on the consentrated areas

- garbage and pollution --> animals (especially birds) might confuse little pieces of plastic for food and might either choke or get poisoned by the trash

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Good! But think the practical examples from the Arctic Europe perspective

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- bird colonies (islands)
- Helicopters cause panic flights / lead to egg loss in birds

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- geographical concentration of nature-oriented activities -> repeated trampling
- sounds of loud transports might irritate animals

https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/9147/tourism_polar.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

-production of artificial snow due to the importance of snow for arctic tourism -> influence on chemical composition of the soil (Polar Tourism, Maher/Stewart/Lück, 2011)

- artificial snow prevents oxygen circulation between soil & atmosphere (https://ecobnb.com/blog/2020/02/expensive-artificial-snow/)

- extension of infrastructure = threat of natural habitats (roads, train tracks)

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+educational value (raised awareness)
+sustainable tourism
-> tourists and stakeholders are recognising the importance of environmental management
+operations (as an acitivty) in the destination such as cleaning the beach in order to keep it aestethically pleasant
https://tourismteacher.com/environmental-impacts-of-tourism/

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- erosion

- wildlife habitats shrinking
--> wildlife migrating to places that have less traffic and people

- demising of local natural recourses

-  increased pollution

- overuse of water (problem especially in places that already suffer from drought)

- massive amounts of waste

-   degration and loss of natural ecosystems and aestethic landscapes
- contributes to global warming

- oil spills

- distruction of vegetation

https://www.theworldcounts.com/challenges/consumption/transport-and-tourism/negative-environmental-impacts-of-tourism/story

https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/how-tourism-affects-environment.php

https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/9147/tourism_polar.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

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- eco-tourism
--> tourism and travel on natures terms
- sustainable tourism
--> saving natural recourses
- controlling the number of tourists
- carbon offset programs
- development of infrastructure (f.ex. duckboards and stairs)
- preservations of historic sites and cultural heritage
- conservation

https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/how-tourism-affects-environment.php