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Jean-Baptiste Roncari, translated by Katya Browne

1 - THE BOSTON TEA PARTY - 16/12/1773

The 16th December 1773 in Boston Harbour, 60 settlers threw overboard 342 crates of tea stored in ships coming from England. This symbolic act with significant economic consequences expressed the contempt in the colonies, and especially in Boston, with respect to the British parliament. The latter, led by George III, decided to raise commercial tax for the colonies, even though they were not even represented in Westminster. It was in response to these measures - which made tea in particular the most highly taxed product - that made the Boston Tea Party protests decide to lash out at British tea.

This uprising was followed by the closing of Boston Harbour by the British authorities, and then the establishment of the Intolerable Acts (a group of authoritarian measures against the colonies). These measures themselves played a leading role in the American War of Independence from 1775 to 1783. It is therefore not an exaggeration to say that the Boston Tea Party was an event that foreshadowed the independence of the United States of America.

2 - The French Revolution - from 05/05/1789 to 09/11/1799

3 - The Salt March - 12/03/1930

4 - The Washington Civil Rights March - 28/08/1963

6 - The Monday Demonstrations - 09/10/1989 until 09/11/1989

7 - The Victory of the Singing Revolution - from 1987 to 1991

8 - The 'Colour' or 'Flower' Revolutions - November 2003 to March 2005

9 - Euromaidan - from 21/11/2013 to 22/02/2014

10 - Arab Spring - December 2010- today

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Jean-Baptiste Roncari, translated by Katya Browne

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Ten protests which changed the course of history

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History shows us many examples of uprisings that have had highly significant consequences. From the French Revolution to the Arab Spring, popular movements can sometimes change the face of the Earth. While people all over the world are currently rallying together to influence government policies...

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DUE: FEB. 10TH

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Create a new document and edit with others at the same time -- from your computer, phone or tablet. Get stuff done with or without an internet connection. Use Docs to edit Word files. Free from Google.

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Inauguration Day protests through history

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As the United States prepares for Donald Trump's inauguration as president, we take a look at a brief history of protests at Inauguration Days in the past.

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n Saturday, 150,000 peopleare expected to take to the streets for the Women's March on Washington. The progressive demonstration is expected to be the largest of inauguration weekend as well as one of the largest in US history, and sister marches will be held in cities across the country and around the world.

The march follows a long tradition of protests organized by women. Many happened in the US, including the march on Washington in support of the Equal Rights Amendment in 1978, and the Million Women March, a movement of African American women which took place in Philadelphia in 1997. And Black Lives Matter was spearheaded by three black women: Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors and Opal Tometi.

Here are six other examples - though there have been many more - of previous demonstrations from around the world, and the impact they had on politics.

Tensions were running high in France in 1789 as the political upheaval of the French revolution picked up steam. That summer, protesters had stormed the Bastille. At the same time, supplies of grain were running low thanks to a poor harvest, and the price of bread surged. In protest, a number of Parisian women gathered in the square, then marched on Versailles, where King Louis XVI held court, on 5 October.
What did it achieve?
Some men joined the women as they made their way to the city, in a crowd which was said to have numbered in the thousands. Eventually, some members of the crowd violently stormed the royal apartments in Versailles to make their demands. Afterward the king agreed to move the royal family to Paris to be closer to the people, and did not return to live in Versailles.

The rest is history.

By 1913, the women's suffrage movement in the US had long been brewing. The women's rights convention at Seneca Falls, New York, where the Declaration of Sentiments was read, occurred decades before in 1848. In those intervening years, there had been some movement at the state level to grant women the right to vote. A number of suffrage parades occurred in the early 1900s as the first mass demonstrations of the suffrage movement. This one, held in Washington DC, was planned for the day before the inauguration of President Woodrow Wilson for maximum press attention, according to the Library of Congress.

Thousands took part in the parade which sought an amendment to the constitution, according to the Atlantic. After the march, at least 100 were hospitalized for injuries inflicted by spectators. The march was part of the years-long movement for women's suffrage - and more marches followed, including a massive demonstration in New York in 1915.

Women finally were granted the right to vote with the ratification of the 19th amendment in 1920.
Why did it happen?
To protest against pass laws, which aimed to limit the movement of black people, 20,000 women marched on the Union Buildings in Pretoria, South Africa, on 9 August 1956. The significant gathering of women and their leaders delivered petitions against the pass laws being extended to women to the government, though the prime minister was not there to receive them, according to the Mail & Guardian. They then stood in silence for 30 minutes, and later sang a song which included a variation of the phrase "you strike a woman, you strike a rock".

What did it achieve?
Protests against the pass laws took place before the women's march and continued after, including one which became a massacre after police opened fire on protesters in Sharpeville in 1960. The pass laws were finally repealed in 1986.

The anniversary of the women's march is now celebrated as National Women's Day in the country and the month of August is known as Women's Month. The march was re-enacted in 2006 for the 50th anniversary, according to the BBC. Last October was the 60th anniversary.

Iceland topped the World Economic Forum's gender gap index again in 2016. But in 1975, women were underpaid and underrepresented in government. So they decided to strike - or as it was then called, the "Woman's Day Off", according to the BBC - to demonstrate their importance to society. On 24 October of that year, 25,000 women gathered on the streets of Reykjavik (in a nation of 220,000) and 90% of the female population did not go to work, cook, clean or take care of children.
What did it achieve?
Annadis Rudolfsdottir was aged 11 at the time. She recalled the strike for the Guardian in 2004, calling it "a wake-up call" and a "spur to action". Vigdis Finnbogadottir became the nation's first female president five years later, and credits that day with helping her get elected; other landmarks followed. But the pay gap still exists in the country, and there is still room for improvement.

Last October, on the anniversary of the strike, women left work at 2.38pm to symbolize the pay gap, according to the Atlantic.
Why did it happen?
Last fall, in Poland, politicians sought to further restrict abortion access in the country by proposing a ban on abortion in all cases and a prison sentence of up to five years for women who undergo the procedure, with doctors who assist also liable for prison. Introduced by the Stop Abortion coalition, the conservative Law and Justice party, which controls parliament, pushed the plan ahead to be scrutinized by a parliamentary committee on 23 September. The initial boycott was inspired by the 1975 strike in Iceland, according to reports.
What did it achieve?
Thousands of women, many dressed in black, boycotted their jobs and classes and took part in protest demonstrations on 3 October. About 30,000 had gathered in Warsaw's Castle Square, chanting. Their efforts resulted in the parliament backtracking and overwhelmingly rejecting the total ban.

Protests resumed later in the month, after the introduction of a new proposal which sought to ban abortion when there is no chance the fetus will survive or in cases of severe abnormalities, and Polish women resolved to keep up pressure over the restrictions. Meanwhile, other protests against the Polish government have ensued.

In June 2015, women in Argentina took to the streets to protest the killing of 14-year-old Chiara Páez, who was a few weeks pregnant and beaten to death by her boyfriend. Demonstrators rallied around the slogan and hashtag #NiUnaMenos - meaning "not one less", or no more women lost to gender violence. Hinde Pomeraniec, a journalist who helped to organize the march in Buenos Aires, wrote for the Guardian that a woman dies from gender-based violence every 30 hours in Argentina.

The following October, 16-year-old Lucía Pérez was drugged, raped and tortured in a horrific attack. The prosecutor described the attack as " an act of inhuman sexual aggression". On 19 October 2016 - " miércoles negro", or Black Wednesday - tens of thousands gathered in Buenos Aires and cities around South America to protest about the death of Pérez and numerous other harrowing femicides.

What did it achieve?
After the first protest in 2015, the supreme court justice Elena Highton announced there would be a registry of femicides established. Last July, Argentina's president, Mauricio Macri, announced a plan to fight violence against women, according to the BBC. But activists are also trying to change the culture which they say underlies such attacks.

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How these six women's protests changed history

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n Saturday, 150,000 peopleare expected to take to the streets for the Women's March on Washington. The progressive demonstration is expected to be the largest of inauguration weekend as well as one of the largest in US history, and sister marches will be held in cities across the country and around the world.

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Underline evidence from your graphic organizers that should be used in writing an argumentative essay.

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Explain what you learned from the sample debates on padlet.

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Find a inspirational quote about your debate topic. Write the quote, the author’s name, and the source where you found it.

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Write three questions that you have about your given topic at this point in the research.

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After reading each of the debate topics on the board, determine which stand you would prefer to take on each. Explain your decision.

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Best & Funniest Donald Trump Debate Compilation

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The 15 Worst Fails from Presidential Debates

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A compilation of the worst/greatest moments from US presidential, vice-presidential and primary debates [1960-2016]. 1. Richard Nixon, "Facetious Remark" 2. Gerald Ford, "No Soviet Domination" 3. Michael Dukakis, "Kitty-Rape Question" 4. James Stockdale, "Who Am I?" [Not really a fail -- kind of a win.] 5. George H.W. Bush, "Watch Check" 6.

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The Twelve Best Lines from Presidential debates

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The Twelve Best Lines from Presidential debates

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The 12 Best Lines from Presidential Debates

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Twelve of the most memorable lines from US presidential, vice-presidential and primary debates [1980-2016]. Feel free to leave your political thoughts and opinions in the comments section below. In no particular order: 1) Ronald Reagan vs. Jimmy Carter, Oct. 28, 1980. 2) Ronald Reagan vs. Jimmy Carter, Oct. 28, 1980.

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THE ARTICLE PROJECT ASSIGNMENT THAT IS DUE FEB. 10th CAN BE FOUND AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE OR ON CLASSROOM GOOGLE. USE ALL THREE SOURCES FOR THE ASSIGNMENT.

Monday - Students will research their assigned stand on the class debate topic. They will add information from research to a graphic organizer. Homework will be assigned.
Tuesday - Students will continue to work on completing their graphic organizer from their research. The organizer will be graded. Students will participate in a class discussion about a video where three people share their views on a topic.
Wednesday - Students will begin a second graphic organizer of their research that will be graded tomorrow. Students will participate in a socratic seminar to establish the progress of the debate research.
Thursday - Students will complete their research, and the graphic organizer will be graded.
Friday - Students will write an argumentative essay that supports their claim.

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Sample Debate

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(1st Block) 3rd Negative - Closing Borders .m4v

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Sample Debate

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(1st Block) 3rd Affirmative - Closing Borders.m4v

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Sample Debate

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(1st Block) 2nd Negative - Closing Borders .m4v

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Sample Debate

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(1st Block) 2nd Affirmative - Close Borders .m4v

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Sample Debate

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(1st Block) 1st Affirmative - Close Borders .m4v

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Sample Debate

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(1st Block) 1st Negative - Close Borders .m4v