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Anderson, William, and Ruth Y. Wetmore. "Cherokee." NC Pedia, 1 Jan. 2006, www.ncpedia.org/cherokee/trailoftears. Accessed 11 Apr. 2020.
Drexler, Ken. "Indian Removal Act: Primary Documents in American History."  Library of Congress, 22 Jan. 2019, guides.loc.gov/indian-removal-act. Accessed 12 Apr. 2020.
University of Gronigen. "Andrew Jackson 1767-1845, a Brief Biography." American History: From Revolution to Reconstruction and beyond, U of Gronigen, 2012, www.let.rug.nl/usa/biographies/andrew-jackson/the-1828-presidential-election.php.
"The Second Bank of the United States (1816-1836)." American History: From Revolution to Reconstruction and beyond, U of Gronigen, 2012, www.let.rug.nl/usa/essays/general/a-brief-history-of-central-banking/second-bank-of-the-united-states-(1816-1836).php.

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In 1830, Congress passed the Indian Removal Act, which allowed the president, Andrew Jackson, to grant the tribes land in the unsettled land east of the Mississippi in exchange for their current land, which whites wanted to settle.

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An Artist's Depiction of The Trail of Tears. 

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An Artist's Depiction of The Trail of Tears. 

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The Second National Bank,  which was in function from 1816 to 1836, was also an ongoing debate among Congress. The bank, which had not been functioning properly until around 1823, would either expire or be granted a new charter by Congress during Jackson's presidency. A bill was passed for a new charter, but Jackson vetoed it, stating that he believed that the powers held by the bank were unconstitutional. The US Government would instate paper currency later, but would be without a central banking system until the 1900s.

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Andrew Jackson ran for office in the election of 1828. This election marked a change in how elections were handled, both in how the organization carried campaigns out and how voters interacted with them. Jackson's organization created newspapers and events to promote Jackson's candidacy. At the same time, he was being attacked by the press and his opposition, John Quincy Adams, for his record of dueling and court-martialing soldiers. Since 1824, four states had lowered voting requirements, making it possible for all white males, regardless of whether or not they owned land, to vote.

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Andrew Jackson, the president at the time, spearheaded the campaign to drive the Native Americans off their own land to make way for white settlers. He was possibly one of the most controversial presidents in American history, ignoring the Supreme Court's ruling that the native tribes should be allowed to keep their land and using the army to force the Native Americans out.

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The Native American tribes forced off their land include the Cherokee, the Choctaw (forced out in 1831), the Creeks (forced out in 1836), the Seminole, and the Chickasaw. Of these tribes, the Cherokee are the ones often focused on, perhaps because they were the last tribe to be forced out, in 1838.

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The Trail of Tears was a route many Native American tribes were forced to walk due to white settlers wanting to use their lands for both agriculture and gold-hunting. Thousands of Native Americans were forced out of land they owned in Georgia, Tennessee, North Carolina, and Florida from 1831 to 1838. They were forced by the US Government to walk thousands of miles on foot to a specially designated "Indian Reserve", part of the Louisiana Purchase. It is estimated that of all the native peoples forced to walk the Trail of Tears, a third died on the five-month journey.