# data[].attributes.body
These rules will include the following:

Be respectful to others’ opinions and honor differences.

Establish a safe space, be non-judgmental

Respect the boundaries of how much the person would like to share

Share only things that you are comfortable with sharing

Do not share anything discussed outside. Please respect the confidentiality of the information shared.

Let’s practice active listening.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Function of Substance use: to numb her, support her mother
2. Lack of prosocial support
3. Need of love and attention
4. Pre-dispose to crime, abuse, substance and lead to intergenerational offending

# data[].attributes.body
1. exposure (adverse childhood experience - abuse)
2. abusive relationship
3. negative role model (mother)
4. attitude towards sex
5. yearn for the love of her mother seek validation

feels comfortable using substance to relief her
turning point was when she stayed with her cousin

"i didn't want to be sober" and preferred to use drugs instead

# data[].attributes.body
1. She had went through a lot of pain
2. Need and yearning for her mother's love
3. Feelings of abandonment
4. Incomplete family (lack of fatherly figure)
5. "It's definitely much easier to just take drugs", doesn't know how to escape the system and vicious cycle
6. Inter-generational issue (Parents on drugs)
7. Usage of drugs to escape reality
8. Use crime to get attention from their loved ones

# data[].attributes.body
1. Being presence and genuine during the interventions
2. Being a role model in communication and handling experiences
3. Affirmation, encouragement, hope and empowerment
4.

# data[].attributes.body
1. childhood trauma

2. pressure from mother and husband
unrealistic expectation

3. living environment
physical env with the spouse
not well-to-do

4. unhealthy/maladaptive coping mechanisms

multiple roles
women are more relational
don't know what is a healthy relationship look like and how to maintain - perpetuate the cycle of offending

not process the events happened
learnt unhealthy ways to cope and regulate

# data[].attributes.body
1. Lack of support & care that led her back to drugs
2. Escape from reality
3. Lack of guidance & positive role model - Dysfunctional family
4. Lack of communication, love & concern by mother
5. Lack of a community - lonely & nobody to rely on hence going back to drugs to cope with the situations
6. Unresolved Psychological Trauma
7. Childhood victimisation & Low self esteem that led to re-offending
8. Minority (race), homelessness & lack of stability
9. Lack of rehabilitations & social interventions
10. Lack of education : Basic rights were not met & interest were not heard (not allowed to go to school)

# data[].attributes.body
1. Repeated patterns (abuse, trauma etc)
2. Attachment patterns (insecure, need for approval, need to please others etc)
3. Homelessness (cycle of poverty, ,financial difficulties, trapped)
4. Social barriers (lack of good jobs, lack of resources or social support)
5. Learned helplessness? Victims of circumstances?

# data[].attributes.body
1. Unaddressed trauma - gendered trauma (sexual assault)
2. Lack of social safety net - socioeconomic status/education (lack of opportunities)
3. Lack of aftercare systems
4. Arranged marriage (gendered)
5. Gaps in legal systems
6.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Trauma
2. Expectations placed by society on women/female
3. Neen's acceptance of the society's norm that she is not worth it
4. Society's perception that females may need to be superwoman which may be stressful
5. Intergenerational patterns of how the females were suppose to be and how the offending behaviour continues in the next generation
6. Emotional coping with drugs
7. Females may need to follow the activity of men, like drug taking and prostitutions. This is related to the need for relatedness to be achieved from the mom and other men

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# data[].attributes.body
1. Childhood Trauma (Physical & Sexual abuse)
2. Negligent Parenting (seeking mother's love)
3. Antisocial Peer Influence
4. Drug Abuse (Link to geographical area that increased risk of exposure - homeless)
5. Domestic Abuse (Physical)

# data[].attributes.body
1. ppis partnership with sps (circular female hwh)
2. safe space (to have a voice to be heard, RP in aftercare)
3. respecting boundary
4. believing in them
5. engagement of family (esp toxic family relationship)
6. new set of support system (subsequently need to be self-reliant)

current issue: transitional housing does not accept supervisees with drug antecedent.
unique cases

# data[].attributes.body
1. Create a safe environment so we can work better with out supervisees
2. Building the trust and rapport with them (For females who are numbed)
3. Show our supervisees how to have healthy relationships
4. Should not impose our values on them.
5. Engage their family members to ensure that the positive relationships ripples on

# data[].attributes.body
1. pressure and expectations on female - relational
more empathy to female offenders
understand that relationships are difficult for them
rather than condescending towards them

2. not much can do in in-care - what can we do in in-care to better support female inmates?

3. clinical supervision to develop soft skills
e.g. empathy to develop rapport with supervisee

# data[].attributes.body
1. Create awareness amongst personal social circle ⭕️ - shift in perspectives & contributing factors that led female offenders to be incarcerated

2. Empowerment of female offenders & many more challenges to be overcome - childcare

3. Programmes & interventions tailored for the female offenders

4. Involvement of various stakeholders to work with female offenders (let them not feel lonely again)

5. Compile childcare resources guidebook for women to feel supported

6. Circles: Sharing of experiences, having conversations with female sups, guidance & support

7. Journal 📓 & identity : Allow them to have a change in their identity (narration of their life story) - supportive space for the women

8. Educating the society & creating awareness

# data[].attributes.body
1. Being trauma-informed in our practice and knowing the early signs of trauma-rekindling.
2. Validate their emotions/ feelings when they share about their experiences, trauma etc.
3. Support for female sups from the males - joint management of female supervisees comprising of both male and female CRS/ RO
4. Spending more time in interventions with female supervisees. More sessions

# data[].attributes.body
1. Further explore if they subscribe to the caregiver role
2. Better linkage/understanding of community resources - subsidized childcare
3. Leverage on relationship with supervisee

# data[].attributes.body
1. Being Trauma Informed
- Being aware of impact of trauma and being sensitive
- Provision of safety

2. Strengths focussed
- Addressing self-esteem, self-worth
- Focus on future, things within their control

3. Role modelling
- Lack of boundaries, enmeshment can be addressed through role modelling

4. Emotional regulation
- Education on awareness and adaptive ways to cope and address problems constructively (as opposed to turning to substances to mute/numb emotions)

# data[].attributes.body
1. To honour and experience their sharing and struggles
2. To acknowledge on their strengths, motivation, goals
3. To have purposeful disclosure
4.hink simple things like asking for permission and giving a heads up before touching on sensitive topics in counselling sessions is also important to avoid retraumatisation. And also to respect their boundaries on what they are comfortable with sharing!

# data[].attributes.body
1. holistic and safe
2. gender responsive programmes to meet their needs (mental well-being, trauma based intervention, empowerment)
3. social programming (to address shelter issues)
4. collaborative relationship with NGOs such as MSF to support the needs of our female supervisees. (housing upon release for homeless)

# data[].attributes.body
1. Different interpretations of safe environment
2. How we conduct our sessions, pace we are setting
3. Make them feel comfortable to entrust their secrets with us
4. Group work - Group Sharing for supervisees to learn from one another (Platform to provide emotional support to one another)

# data[].attributes.body
1. not be condescending

2. be curious!
to find out what happened to them

3. Build rapport

4. clinical supervision
not a given that women easier to develop empathy than men. it's a constant work-in-progress

# data[].attributes.body
1.  Non-judgmental

2. Approachable attitude

3. Open-mind

4. Normalise their experiences (Listening to a diverse group - Befrienders)

5. Rapport building & not re-traumatising : be mindful of our verbals & non-verbals

6. No assumptions

7. Trustworthy : Get back to them - keeping the promises

8. Empathy & be there for them

# data[].attributes.body
1. Practicing trauma-informed principles in our work. Debriefing after interventions
2. Training on trauma-informed practice and GR
3. Building trust, disclosure, connections and also assuring confidentiality
4. Being genuine and authentic :)

# data[].attributes.body
1. Being aware of our own biases/perspectives
2. Emphatise
3. Asking for permission to engage

# data[].attributes.body
1. Moving at their pace (i.e. respecting if they need to pause/stop)
2. Being open (e.g. choice of employment, be in relationships that from our perspective may not be healthy)
3. Giving them back power and control - autonomy (e.g. asking their permission)
4. Trauma informed care - Respecting and guiding them through re-traumatization (hearing about sharing of truama/etc from others, own experiences of re-traumatization)

# data[].attributes.body
1. To provide a more realistic perspectives of things to help them achieve the goals through guidance from CRS/RO
2. To also shift the focus to more practical aspects of reintegration like employment to increase independence and efficacy
3. To look at the female's identity as an individual, as a means to define their identity of themselves.
4. As a staff, to understand their worldview without putting in our own values, while at same time to integrate their values into the equation of rehabilitation/reintegration.
5. Identify the positive aspects of their life and how their strengths were utilized, so as to help them not to reoffend.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Be genuine and wanting to know them, as this is key to rapport building.
2. To speak specifically to their narrative as a person and not based on whom they are as a person and not their relation to others.
3. When knowing their background, to do regular check ins to keep them safe during the session. Safe here may relate to their trauma and also their emotional well being
4. Culture perspectives may be needed to be taken into consideration of the norm.

# data[].attributes.body
Group 1 - Sahedah
Group 2 - Nadzirah
Group 3 - Zhang Yun
Group 4 - Haziqah
Group 5 - Felicia
Group 6 - Raudah
Group 7 - Hariz
Group 8 - Danielle
Group 9 - Anand