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It refers to the existence of a number of different kinds of animals and plants which together make a good and healthy environment.
It was first coined by Walter G. Rosen in 1986.
"Bio means life and diversity means different kind."

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There are three types of Biodiversity

1. Diversity of Species

2. Diversity of Ecosystem

3. Diversity of Genetic

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Species Diversity is simply the number and relative abundance of species found in a given biological organisation or particular location. Example:- Australia's Great Barrier Reef

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Ecosystem diversity deals with the variations in ecosystems within a geographical location and its overall impact on human existence and the environment. Example:- deserts, forests, grasslands, wetlands and oceans

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Genetic Diversity refers to the range of different inherited traits within a species. In a species with high genetic diversity, there would be many individuals with a wide variety of different traits. Example:- Different breeds of dogs

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Flora and fauna diversity depends upon :
1. Climate
2. Altitude
3. Soils
4. Presence of other species
Most of the biodiversity are concentrated in Tropical region.

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• Habitat destruction .
• Global climate change .
• Habitat Fragmentation .
• Pollution .
• Over-exploitation .
• Alien species .
• Disease .

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Protection, conservation and management of biodiversity in order to obtain sustainable benefits for future generations.

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1. All the varieties of food, timber plants, livestock, microbes and agricultural animals should be conserved.
2. All the economically important organisms should be identified and conserved.
3. Unique ecosystems should be preserved first.
4. The resources should be utilized efficiently.
5. Poaching and hunting of wild animals should be prevented.
6. The reserves and protected areas should be developed carefully.
7. The levels of pollutants should be reduced in the environment.
8. Deforestation should be strictly prohibited.
9. The useful and endangered species of plants and animals should be conserved in their nature as well as artificial habitats.
10. Environmental laws should be followed strictly
11. Public awareness should be created regarding biodiversity conservation and its importance.

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So, Friends at the end let us take a pledge to conserve and restore our biodiversity .

Thank you