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On August 10, one day after the bombing of Nagasaki, the Japanese government issued a statement agreeing to accept the Allied.A single atomic bomb, the first weapon of its type ever used against a target, exploded over the city of Hiroshima at 0815 on the morning of 6 August 1945.

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Battle Of The Bulge Memorial, Rue de Cielle, La Roche-en-Ardenne, Belgium

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Battle Of The Bulge Memorial, Rue de Cielle, La Roche-en-Ardenne, Belgium

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Battle Of The Bulge Memorial, Rue de Cielle, La Roche-en-Ardenne, Belgium

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the war started on Dec 16, 1944 and it ended on Jan 25, 1945.the Battle of the Bulge started on December 16, 1944, when German forces launched a surprise attack on Allied forces in the forested Ardennes region in Belgium, Luxembourg, and France.The Allies won the Battle of the Bulge. the US Army's greatest struggle to deny Adolf Hitler's last chance for victory. As 1944 was drawing to a close, the Allied forces could look back on a year of great strides towards victory over the Axis powers.

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the war started on September 19, 1944, ended on February 10, 1945. The Allies pushed into the rough and unfamiliar terrain in order to secure their advance towards the Rhine, and encountered resistance from the German forces they underestimated.The Americans suffered 33,000 casualties during the course of the battle which ranged up to 55,000 casualties, the U.S. Army more than 34,000 casualties.

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The Invasion WI, The Strand, Waukesha, WI

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The Invasion WI, The Strand, Waukesha, WI

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The Invasion WI, The Strand, Waukesha, WI

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war started on 24 February and ended on 7 April.the outcome of the D-Day invasion was anything but inevitable to the military planners and soldiers who waited anxiously in the grey twilight on the evening of June 5, 1944. Order of the Day on June 6, 1944, and the statement he prepared in the event the invasion failed.  from the death, suffering and displacement of people in the country to the global food and fuel insecurity, and diminished donor funds to support other health issues.

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Anzio, Metropolitan City of Rome Capital, Italy

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Anzio, Metropolitan City of Rome Capital, Italy

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Anzio, Metropolitan City of Rome Capital, Italy

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battle of Anzio started on January 22, 1944, and it ended on June 5, 1944.  the British infantry division landed on Anzio beachhead on January 22, 1944. After initial success, the Allies were pinned down on the beachhead by a vastly superior German force. vaccinations for smallpox, typhoid, tetanus, cholera, typhus, yellow fever, and bubonic plague, depending on where they were sent.

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Battle of Anzio, (January 22-June 5, 1944) World War II battle, fought during the Italian Campaign. Some 50,000 Allied troops staged an amphibious landing (codenamed Operation Shingle) at Anzio, 33 miles (53 km) south of Rome, in an effort to bypass the strong German defenses along the Gustav Line.

From Sicily to the invasion of southern Italy

After their successful operations in North Africa and Sicily, the Allies had a wide choice of directions for their next offensive. Calabria, the "toe" of Italy, was a short distance from Allied armies in Sicily and most obvious possible destination, the "shin" was also vulnerable, and the "heel" was also very attractive. The two army corps of Montgomery's Eighth Army crossed the Strait of Messina and landed on the "toe" of Italy on September 3, 1943. Although the initial resistance was practically negligible, they made only very slow progress, as the terrain, with only two good roads running up the coasts of the great Calabrian "toe" prevented the deployment of large forces. On the day of the landing, however, the Italian government agreed to the Allies' secret terms for a capitulation. It was understood that Italy would be treated with leniency in direct proportion to the part that it would take, as soon as possible, in the war against Germany. The Italian surrender was announced on September 8.

The landing on the "shin" of Italy, at Salerno, just south of Naples, was begun on September 9, by the mixed U.S.-British Fifth Army, under U.S. Gen. Mark Clark. Transported by 700 ships, 55,000 troops made the initial assault, and 115,000 more followed up. At first they were faced only by the German 16th Panzer Division. Although German commander Field Marshal Albert Kesselring had only eight weak divisions to defend all of southern and central Italy, he had had time to plan since the overthrow of Italian dictator Benito Mussolini in July 1943. Kesselring had been expecting a blow at the "shin," and his counterstroke made the success of the Salerno landing precarious for six days. It was not until October 1 that the Fifth Army entered Naples.

By contrast, the much smaller landing on the "heel" of Italy, which had been made on September 2 (the day preceding the invasion of the "toe"), took the Germans by surprise. Notwithstanding the paucity of its strength in men and in equipment, the expedition captured two good ports, Taranto and Brindisi, in a very short time, but it lacked the resources to advance promptly. Nearly a fortnight passed before another small force was landed at Bari, the next considerable port north of Brindisi, to push thence unopposed into Foggia.

It was the threat to their rear from the "heel" of Italy and from Foggia that had induced the Germans to fall back from their positions defending Naples against the Fifth Army. When the Italian government declared war against Germany on October 13, Kesselring was already receiving reinforcements and consolidating the German hold on central and northern Italy. The Fifth Army was checked temporarily on the Volturno River, only 20 miles (32 km) north of Naples, then more lastingly on the Garigliano River, while the Eighth Army, having made its way from Calabria up the Adriatic coast, was likewise held on the Sangro River. Autumn and midwinter passed without the Allies making any notable impression on the Germans' Gustav Line, which ran for 100 miles (160 km) from the mouth of the Garigliano through Cassino and over the Apennines to the mouth of the Sangro.

The Anzio landings and the fall of Rome

British Prime Minister Winston Churchill had argued that Italy was the soft underbelly of Hitler's Fortress Europe. While the Italian people had surrendered within days of the Allied landings, Italy's terrain was much less accommodating. By the end of 1943, the Allies had advanced only 70 miles (113 km) beyond Salerno in four months of difficult fighting. Most of that ground had been gained during September, and thereafter the rate of progress became so gradual that it recalled the attrition warfare of World War I.

Such grinding tactics sometimes succeeded, but far more often resulted in disappointment and high casualties. The Italian Campaign was no exception to this rule, and it repeatedly demonstrated that direct attack on narrow fronts commonly resulted in negative outcomes. Even a significant superiority of force rarely suffices unless there is room for maneuver, which requires a relatively wider front. The Italian peninsula is barely 100 miles (160 km) wide, and most of that space is filled with the spine of the Apennines and its ribs. Once the German Supreme Command had decided that it would not cede Italy to the Allies, the establishment of a reasonable defensive density was bound to produce strategic cramp in the Allied advance up the leg of Italy.

Having experienced a measure of success with previous amphibious operations in the Mediterranean, early in 1944 the Allies determined to launch a fresh seaborne maneuver against the long coastline in the enemy's rear. To divert attention from the landings-and with the hope of breaching the Gustav Line and launching a unified drive on Rome-the Fifth Army mounted a series of local offensives. The British X Corps on January 17 gained a bridgehead over the Garigliano but made no further progress. The U.S. II Corps (36th Division) on January 20-21 unsuccessfully attempted to force the rain-swelled Rapido. The Americans were facing the 15th Panzer Grenadier Division, one of the best German formations fighting in Italy, and the river crossing was a disaster. Hundreds of Americans were killed or wounded, and nearly 1,000 were captured when they were stranded on the German side of the Rapido.

On January 22 the Allied VI Corps landed on the beaches near Anzio, 33 miles (53 km) south of Rome. The assault force included the U.S. 3rd Division, British 1st Division, and U.S. Rangers. In 24 hours the Allies landed 36,000 troops and 3,000 vehicles and took control of Anzio and the neighbouring town of Nettuno. Only two German battalions were present in the area, and a swift dash inland could have seized the Alban Hills -covering the immediate approach to Rome-or even Rome itself. However, the Allies' plan had been based on the calculation that the Germans would immediately counter the landing. Thus, they were primarily concerned with consolidating the beachhead, while the main forces in the south were to take advantage of the anticipated weakening of the enemy's resistance there. The Germans did not react in the way expected.

When the lack of opposition near Anzio became clear, Gen. Harold Alexander, head of the Anglo-American Fifteenth Army Group, wished to quicken the move inland. VI Corps commander Gen. John P. Lucas opted for a more cautious approach, however, and no serious advance was attempted for more than a week. This allowed Kesselring ample time to switch his reserves to the scene, while he also held in check the forward drive of the main Allied forces on the Cassino sector. By the end of January, the VI Corps had been sealed in. On February 3, the 12th day after the landing, the Germans developed a powerful counteroffensive against the Allied position at Anzio. This in turn was checked, but the Allied force was left in an awkwardly shallow and narrow bridgehead.

Over the next four months, the Germans were able to deliver persistent and accurate artillery fire throughout the flat beachhead-18 miles (29 km) long by 9 miles (14.5 km) deep-and against ships offshore. The Luftwaffe also struck Allied positions and warships; some of the larger vessels were forced to move away from the shore, reducing the amount of naval gun support that could be delivered to the Anzio lodgment. Axis counterattacks reached the peak of their intensity on February 17, but the beachhead was held. During the four months of its existence, the beachhead was reinforced by the U.S. 1st Armoured, 34th, 36th, and 45th divisions and by the British 5th and 56th-the last being later withdrawn.

The bloody stalemate on the Gustav Line continued through most of spring 1944, but, in May of that year, the Allies planned to renew the offensive in Italy in a decisive fashion. The first phase of Alexander's operation comprised a fresh attack on either side of Cassino, where previous offensives had been blocked. To intensify its effect, the Eighth Army, now commanded by Gen. Oliver Leese, shifted its weight from the Adriatic to join with Gen. Mark Clark's Fifth Army in a combined blow against the western sector of the Gustav Line. Wedges were driven into the Gustav Line at a number of points between Cassino and the sea. The most significant penetration was made by Gen. Alphonse Juin's Free French Colonial Corps, which exploited its specialized skill in mountain warfare to pursue a difficult route across the Aurunci Mountains. In three days Juin's corps reached the heights overlooking the Liri valley and created a leverage that loosened the German hold on the Gustav Line. The threat eased the way both for the British to press up the valley and to outflank Cassino, which on May 18 fell to a Polish corps of the Eighth Army, and also for the Americans to push up the coast.

On May 23, 1944, the Allied force at Anzio struck out from the bridgehead. There the Germans had reduced their presence in order to send reinforcements to the south, and the Allied move was timed to exploit the weakening. On the third day the German defense cracked. Once the breakout was achieved, the Germans were short of reserves to meet the Allied follow-through toward the Alban Hills. Simultaneously with the Anzio stroke, the Eighth Army launched an assault on the Germans' final position in the Liri valley, which the Canadian Corps dislodged on the first day. The next day it became clear that the Germans were falling back everywhere. Their retreat was soon accelerated, as the menace from Anzio developed.

Within a few days the direct line of retreat on Rome up Highway 6 was blocked, and the Germans were compelled to fork northeastward up difficult mountain roads, where their retreating columns were more exposed to a hammering from the air. A considerable part of the imperiled army managed to escape from the trap by this branching move, but its chance of covering Rome was forfeited. Alexander now switched all possible strength to his left wing against the other German army and, in a week of tough fighting, loosened its grip on the Alban Hills. Once this strategic breakwater collapsed, the Allied forces quickly flooded the flat country around Rome, capturing the city early on June 5. They had gained the prize which had been so nearly within their grasp nine months earlier, when the Italian government capitulated.

Casualties and significance

The Battle of Anzio cost the Americans nearly 24,000 combat casualties and the British nearly 10,000. The Allies also suffered 37,000 noncombat casualties, an unusually high number for an engagement in the European theatre. Many of these non-battlefield losses were caused by malaria and other mosquito-borne diseases that were endemic to the marshes in the beachhead area. The Germans suffered some 27,500 casualties.

From a tactical standpoint, the Anzio landings were clearly a failure. While the VI Corps succeeded in outflanking the Gustav Line, the decision to delay the advance on Rome played to Kesselring's defensive strengths. As a result, the Allied forces were pinned in the bridgehead for four months. Within the strategy of the Italian Campaign and the overall Allied assault on Fortress Europe, however, the Anzio beachhead represented a threat that German commanders could not ignore. As a result, the 135,000 troops of the German Fourteenth Army were locked down south of Rome at a time when they could have been deployed against advancing Soviet forces on the Eastern Front.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica Michael Ray.

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Battle of Anzio | Date, Significance, & Summary

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Battle of Anzio, (January 22-June 5, 1944) World War II battle, fought during the Italian Campaign. Some 50,000 Allied troops staged an amphibious landing (codenamed Operation Shingle) at Anzio, 33 miles (53 km) south of Rome, in an effort to bypass the strong German defenses along the Gustav Line.

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Okinawa Prefectural Peace Memorial Museum, 614-1 Mabuni, Itoman, Okinawa, Japan

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On April 1, 1945 | Map, Combatants, Facts, Casualties, & Outcome

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On April 1, 1945, and it ended on June 21, 1945. he last major battle of World War II and the bloodiest of the Pacific champagne. American forces have overwhelmed Okinawa by June 22, marking another victory in the Pacific.At the beginning, only plasma was available as a substitute for the loss of blood. By 1945, serum albumin had been developed, which is whole blood that is rich in the red blood cells

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Battle of Okinawa, (April 1-June 21, 1945), World War II battle fought between U.S. and Japanese forces on Okinawa, the largest of the Ryukyu Islands. Okinawa is located just 350 miles (563 km) south of Kyushu, and its capture was regarded as a vital precursor to a ground invasion of the Japanese home islands. Dubbed "the Typhoon of Steel" for its ferocity, the battle was one of the bloodiest in the Pacific War, claiming the lives of more than 12,000 Americans and 100,000 Japanese, including the commanding generals on both sides. In addition, at least 100,000 civilians were either killed in combat or were ordered to commit suicide by the Japanese military.

Planning and preliminary operations

As the campaign on Iwo Jima was drawing to a close in March 1945, U.S. commanders marshalled strong army, air, and naval forces in preparation for Operation Iceberg, the invasion of Okinawa. The island, which is about 60 miles (roughly 100 km) long and no more than 20 miles (32 km) across at its widest point, had been thoroughly fortified by a Japanese garrison of some 100,000 men under the command of Lieut. Gen. Ushijima Mitsuru. Acknowledging that the battle for Okinawa would very likely replicate the brutal losses of Iwo Jima on a much greater scale, American planners hoped to overwhelm the Japanese with a massive preliminary bombardment and the largest amphibious landing conducted by the U.S. during the Pacific War.

The air and sea attacks that preceded the invasion had begun as early as October 1944, and Allied air operations carried out in March 1945 by carrier Task Force 58 under Rear Adm. Marc Mitscher destroyed hundreds of Japanese planes. While these losses reduced the Japanese defenders' ability to challenge the Americans in the skies over Okinawa, the Japanese retained sufficient air power to stage devastating suicide attacks on Allied naval units. On March 26 a preliminary landing was made on the Kerama Islands, about 15 miles (24 km) to the west, where some 350 small boats had been assembled for suicide attacks on the landing force. Another preparatory landing was made on Keise, a collection of coral islets just 11 miles (18 km) southwest of the main invasion beaches. From Keise, American 155-mm Long Tom artillery batteries could provide fire support across most of southern Okinawa.

Invasion

Over the final days of March, American underwater demolition teams and minesweepers cleared obstacles from the landing beaches. Under the overall leadership of theatre commander Adm. Chester Nimitz, Fifth Fleet commander Adm. Raymond Spruance would oversee the landings and U.S. ground troops would be commanded by Lieut. Gen. Simon Bolivar Buckner, Jr. The invasion was launched on April 1, 1945, when a contingent of U.S. ground troops landed at Hagushi, on the west coast of central Okinawa. Before nightfall, some 50,000 men of the U.S. 10th Army, under the command of Buckner, had gone ashore and established a beachhead about 5 miles (8 km) long.

The Japanese response to the beach landings was deceptively muted, and by April 4, U.S. Army troops and Marines had cut the island in two. The first major Japanese counterattack came on April 6-7 in the form of suicidal raids by more than 350 kamikaze planes and the battleship Yamato. The Japanese had hoped that Yamato might finish off the Allied fleet after it had been weakened by the wave of kamikazes, but, with no air cover, the largest battleship ever constructed was easy prey for Mitscher's carrier-based planes. The sinking of the Yamato on April 7 conclusively signaled the end of the "all-big-gun" battleship era of naval warfare. Altogether more effective were Japan's aerial suicide weapons. Baka, essentially a piloted cruise missile, made its debut at Okinawa. Baka claimed its first victim, the destroyer USS Abele, in the seas off Okinawa on April 12.

Elements of the 10th Army drove cautiously to the north and had pacified the entire northern two-thirds of the island by April 22. During this period, U.S. forces suffered perhaps their highest profile casualty of the battle when journalist Ernie Pyle was killed in combat. Pyle, whose coverage of the European conflict had made him one of the most beloved war correspondents of World War II, had accompanied the 77th Infantry Division in an assault on Ie, an island just west of Okinawa. On April 18, while traveling to a forward command post, Pyle was mortally wounded by Japanese machine-gun fire.

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Battle of Okinawa | Map, Combatants, Facts, Casualties, & Outcome

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Battle of Okinawa (April 1-June 21, 1945), World War II battle fought between U.S. and Japanese forces on Okinawa, the largest of the Ryukyu Islands. The capture of Okinawa was seen as a precursor to an invasion of the Japanese home islands. Learn more about the significance of the Battle of Okinawa in this article.

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Leyte Gulf war started on October 28 1944 and ended on october 26 1944. air and sea battle of WWll that crippled the japanease combined fleet permitted. more than 7,270 people where killed in this war and 16,043 soldiers were casualties.it essentially knocked the Japanese navy out of the war.

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the battle of Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands started on August 7, 1942. and ended on February 8, 1943. The aliens took the first varial. Japanese expansion efforts In the Pacific. heat, mosquitoes, diseases, dese, and vegetation.

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The Battle of Midway started on June 4, 1942, and ended on June 7, 1942. Japanese attack and damage us midway. the midway was a major victory for the imperial Japanese navy attack. there were so much underrating American military capabilities and response.

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The Peral Harbor attack happened on December 7, 1941, and ended on December 7, 1941. Before the attack, many Americans were reculated to be in this war. there were more than thousands of people who died in this attack. people in this attack had first and second-degree burns.