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Two major types of network operating systems

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Two major types of network operating systems

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Peer-to-Peer:
- allow users to share resources and files located on their computers and to access shared resources found on other computers
- do not have a file server or a centralized management source all computers are considered equal
- all have the same abilities to use the resources available on the network.
Client/Server:
- allow the network to centralize functions and applications in one or more dedicated file servers; file servers become the heart of the system, providing access to resources and providing security
- individual workstations have access to the resources available on the file servers
- provides the mechanism to integrate all the components of the network and allow multiple users to simultaneously share the same resources irrespective of physical location.

*Most modern networks are combinations of both.

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Advantages and Disadvantages to each type

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the configuration of cables, computers, and other peripherals

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Unshielded/Shielded Twisted cable (UTP/STP)

Coaxial cable

Fiber Optic cable

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Security

Interference

Inconsistent connections

Speed

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Mobility

Fast setup

Cost

Expandability

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provides the physical connection between the network and the computer workstation; major factor in determining the speed and performance of a network

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set of rules that governs the communications between computers on a network

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Examples:

Ethernet (Physical/Data Link Layers)

IP/IPX (Network Layer)

TCP/SPX (Transport Layer)

HTTP, FTP, Telnet, SMTP, and DNS(combined Session/Presentation/Application Layers)

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1- User access control
2- Information storing and sharing

3- Connections

4- Services

5- Internet

6- Computing resources

7- Flexible Access

8- Workgroup Computing.

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two or more computers that are linked in order to share resources, exchange files, or allow electronic communications

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a network that is confined to a relatively small area, generally limited to a geographic area, like a lab, business or school building
*usually include work stations and/or servers, may be connected through cable or wireless service

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1- Expensive to Install

2- Requires Administrative Time

3- Servers Fail

4- Cables May Break

5- Security and compliance

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Connect networks in a larger geographic area, like a state, country or across continents,
*uses multiplexers, bridges, and routers to connect local networks to global communications networks

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Firewalls can be hardware or software!

*A firewall used to protect a network is a hardware device that should be installed in the network between the router and the network.

*Software firewalls are commonly included in modern workstation and server operating systems. They operate in a similar way as hardware firewalls, except that they filter traffic in and out of the machine itself.

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HTTP, FTP, SMTP and DNS (Session/Presentation/Application Layers)

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HTTP, FTP, SMTP and DNS (Session/Presentation/Application Layers)