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According to the Encyclopaedia of Brittanica, a disease is classified as 'any harmful deviation from the normal structural or functional state of an organism, generally associated with certain signs and symptoms and differing in nature from physical injury.'

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There are types of diseases, many of which can be categorised into the following:

- Virus:
A virus is a very simple micro-organism that infects cells and may cause disease. Because diseases can only multiply inside infected cells, they are not considered as alive.

- Bacterium: A unicellular micro-organism capable of living and reproducing outside of living cells, compared to viruses.

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Diseases can be transmitted in a multitude of ways.

Person to person: One of the most common ways a disease can be spread is from a person to another. Infectious diseases will typically be spread to an uninfected individual by physical contact, usually by touching, sharing bodily fluids, or even from air particles (sneezing or coughing.) One of the most common examples of infectious disease being transmitted by person to person is covid-19.

Animal to person: Bites and scratches from an infected animal can have serious consequences-making you infected. Even handling animal faeces can be fatal-you can get a toxoplasmosis infection from your cat's litterbox.

Mother to unborn child: Some infectious diseases can be spread from mother to child through the placenta, during delivery, or both. Examples of this include chickenpox, and cytomegalovirus.

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This wikipedia article defines a disease, its habitat, its growth and reproduction, as well as many other features about a disease.

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Infodemics will be elaborated on further in criteria 2. Infodemics are generally defined as a rapid spread of misinformation in digital or physical environments during the outbreak of a disease. With technological advances and social media, misinformation is bound to spread faster than ever before, amplifying harmful messages. Infodemics connect to the intentional spread of disease, as malicious attempts to spread misinformation can indirectly or directly cause the spread of disease. The above statistic shows the amount of conspiracy and misinformation surrounding the covid-19 pandemic, and how it fluctuates and increases by month.

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The video above summarises epidemics and pandemics, an important topic that will be covered in the website.

An epidemic is: an infectious disease that spreads rapidly and sickens a large amount of people. Epidemics typically affect people within a community, country, or region. Examples of this include yellow fever, smallpox, measles, and polio.

A pandemic is: the worldwide, broad, or geographic spread of a disease. It affects a large portion of the population. Viral airborne diseases like Covid and influenza are most likely to become pandemics.

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Endemic vs Epidemic vs Pandemic | How Epidemiologists Classify Disease Prevalence