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The "Era of Good Feeling" within the United States is a short period that is crucial to the economic development of the country. For example, establishment of protective tariffs from Monroe's presidency as well as internal improvements from Henry Clay's American system allowed the young country to be built on a steady foundation. The Louisiana Purchase and the Adam-Onis Treaty granted the nation land on which the American System could be founded. As a result, the nation economically prospered and the system on which it was originally founded provided a blueprint for the growing nation to only learn and grow from. Although the nation certainly went through difficulties, they only served as growing pains that allowed the nation to grow from this crucial period.

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The Second Bank of the United States caused the Panic of 1819 due to tightening credit in efforts to deal with inflation. The nation plunged into a depression, leading people into debt (eventually imprisonment), bankruptcy, closing banks, as well as foreclosing on mortgages and land. The Panic of 1819 caused outrage within the citizens due to the decision to rechartering the BUS. Citizens called for land reforms, questioning the decisions being made by Congress as well as condemning their hatred towards the BUS. It led to a strain in the relationship between Congress and the citizens for allowing this to happen.

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Recharter of the Bank of US - Economic (1816)

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Recharter of the Bank of US - Economic (1816)

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After the expiration of Hamilton's First Bank in 1811, Congress rechartered the Second Bank of the United States after the War of 1812 to handle the nations finances. The BUS established financial currency as well as one banking system throughout the nation that allowed for easy and efficient use of money (loans, debt, taxation, etc.). However, the recharter of the Second Bank of the United States tightened credit to deal with inflation, causing the Panic of 1819. It not only caused the nation to enter a state of depression, but also further expanded the gap between social classes, where farmers became poorer due to land debt and the elite were relatively unaffected.

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Completion of the Erie Canal - Economic (1825)

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Completion of the Erie Canal - Economic (1825)

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The Erie Canal served as an important asset in stimulating economic growth and ties between regions of the U.S. The canal provided efficient and quick travel between Western farms and Eastern cities. This accessibility caused a chain reaction of the creation of canals within the U.S-all connecting to the Mississippi river. Such efficiency allowed for economic prosperity within the nation, tying two regions that would have otherwise been hard to connect with and establishing a chain between the two that allowed for cheaper food and settlement in the West from the western expansion.

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The Monroe Doctrine came due to fear of European ambitions to colonize within the Western Hemisphere. Britain and the U.S shared this fear, George Canning from Britain proposing a joint Anglo-American warning to European nations from being involved in South America. Although logical, John Quincy Adams could not back up this proposal, as there would need to be lots of trust put unto Britain to uphold this policy. Monroe, advised by Adams, declared a U.S policy that prohibited involvement of the U.S with European powers in terms of colonization within the Western Hemisphere. This doctrine further strengthened a sense of nationalism within the nation and allowed the U.S to remain neutral, following former George Washington's ideals for the nation going forward.

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The Missouri Compromise came as a result of maintaining sectional balance between the North and the South within Congress. The North and the South equally shared the 22 votes within the Senate, 11 each. Yet, the introduction of Missouri as a slave state would cause the South to gain an extra vote, tipping this scale to no longer be balanced. As a result of this controversy, Henry Clay proposed a plan where Missouri entered as a slave-holding state and Maine entered as a free state. However, this damaged loyalty to the Union as well as stirred arguments of sectionalism within the country.

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The Treaty with France during Thomas Jefferson's presidency allowed for the addition of new states into the young nation. The Louisiana Territory purchase allowed for the nation to not only double in size, but also provided land for settlement that allowed for Westward expansion and exploration. It also enabled Jefferson to follow his ideals of basing an economy off of subsistence farming--more land equals more farming. New states that were introduced into the nation were Louisiana, Arkansas, Nebraska, Iowa, North and South Dakota, Missouri, and Oklahoma. This important purchase would aid in the growing nations economy, yet it was detrimental at the time due to the amount of debt that was left to be paid due to war.

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Expansion of Voting Rights - Political (1824)

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Expansion of Voting Rights - Political (1824)

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Politics entered middle and lower classes through the spread of democracy. Not only could the elites of society be involved in politics, but such law changes, including that of voting rights, allowed inclusion of different classes and rank. However, still only all white males could vote and run for office--a major step up from only allowing all white males who owned land or titles to be involved in politics. Votes rose from 350,000 in 1824 to 2.4 million in 1840. This important step allowed for a wider inclusion of the population of the nation to be represented within government, although it didn't adequately account for those who truly made up the population: slaves, women, and children.

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Jackson in FL/Adam Onis Treaty - Cultural (1819)

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Jackson in FL/Adam Onis Treaty - Cultural (1819)

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The Spanish and the lack of adequate governance within Florida and the Seminoles caused President Monroe and General Andrew Jackson to step in, seeing this as an opportunity to implement militia into the long wanted Florida. Due to conflicts within South America and dealing with the U.S in Florida, an agreement was settled between the two nations. Spain turned over its possession of Florida as well as the Oregon Territory. The U.S also gave up territorial claims to Texas as well as paying $5 million in damages--this is known as the Adams-Onis Treaty. The treaty itself allowed recognition of sovereignty of Texas to Spain and also benefited the U.S by gaining a large section of land, Florida.

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Split of the Republican Party - Political (1824)

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Split of the Republican Party - Political (1824)

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The remaining Democratic-Republican party underwent strains as the nation grew due to old party ideals versus the adoption of federalist views within the party. The two contrasting sides argued heavily on how the government needed to be run, the need for a national bank, and the size of the military. During the election of 1824, four candidates, tying themselves to the Republican party, sought election. As a result of such disputes, contrasting ideals and views, as well as constant switching between the two sides, the Democratic-Republican party splits. One political party amongst the nation did not in fact provide unity, and instead, it allowed for further creation of parties that could represent citizens with ideals that did not all follow one party.

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Death of the Federalist Party - Political (1812)

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Death of the Federalist Party - Political (1812)

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The death of the Federalist Party came after the War of 1812. It's rapid decline came as a result of its opposition towards the war itself (threat of seceding from nation) and the party's inability to rapidly adapt to the new nationalistic attitude and needs for the nation. By 1820, the party concluded itself when it did not nominate a presidential candidate. As a result, political power within the country shifted to the Democratic-Republic party, seemingly allowing for political unity for once and less dispute between heavily weighed views on things such as the government and taxes.

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Start of the American System -Economic (1816)

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Start of the American System -Economic (1816)

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After the War of 1812, Henry Clay introduced a system that he believed would allow for economic prosperity within the nation post-war. Henry Clay's American system implemented 3 methods: protective tariffs, a national bank, and internal improvements (roadways, canals, etc.) Tariffs would allow for increased American manufacture, tagging alongside with internal improvements that would allow this process to run smoother and faster for both sellers and consumers. The bank would aid in connecting economies within all regions of the United States by establishing national currency. The system interconnected the nation by means of working coherently with one another, basing the nations economy off of a stable system.