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Exothermic reactions are chemical reactions which release energy from the chemicals into the surroundings

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Chemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances, the reactants, are converted to one or more different substances, the products.

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Acid and bases:

Acid Taste sour, turn blue litmus paper red, and release hydrogen (H+) in water. Examples: lemon juice, vinegar.

Bases Taste bitter, feel slippery, turn red litmus paper blue, and release hydroxide ions (OH) in water. Examples: soap, baking soda.

Fun fact about Hydrofluoric acid. Its unique and dangerous because, unlike most acids, it can penetrate skin and attack deep tissues, including bones. Despite its danger, it's widely used to clean metals and glass!

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The compact and efficient way of learning

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An indicator is the quiet sage of chemistry, speaking truths through color

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1. Color Change

2. Gas Release

3. Temperature Change

4. Formation of a Precipitate

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A process in which one or more initial substances, known as reactants, undergo a transformation to form one or more new and different substances, referred to as products.

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Combination

Decomposition

Single Displacement

Double Displacement

Acid-Base

Combustion

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A catalyst is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. 😱🙀 🥶🥺

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A chemical reaction is a process where substances change into new substances through a chemical change, involving the breaking and forming of chemical bonds.

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1. Combination

2. Decomposition

3. Single Displacement

4. Double Displacement

5. Combustion

6. Acid-Base Reaction

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Change In Color

Temperature Change

Odor / Gas Release

Precipitate Formation

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A chemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances, called reactants, are transformed into one or more different substances, called products. This transformation involves breaking and forming chemical bonds, often accompanied by changes in energy, such as the release or absorption of heat.

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1. Combination

2. Decomposition

3. Single Displacement

4. Double Displacement

5. Combustion

6. Acid Base Reaction

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Color Change: A visible alteration in color.

Temperature Change: A noticeable increase or decrease in heat.

Odor/Gas Release: The production of a distinct smell or emission of gas.

Precipitate Formation: The creation of a solid substance in a solution.

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A chemical reaction is a process where atoms rearrange themselves to form new substances with different properties.

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Acidity and the pH scale: Water has a pH of 7, so this is the point of neutrality on the pH scale. Acids have a pH less than 7, and bases have a pH greater than 7.

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1) A color change, which can be due to the formation of new substances with different colors

2) Release of gas/odor, which can be seen as bubbling, fizzing, or the release of an odor

3) Formation of a precipitate, which is a solid substance that forms and separates from a liquid solution

4) A significant and spontaneous change in temperature, either increasing or decreasing, due to the breaking and formation of chemical bonds.

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indicators of a chemical reaction are

Color change

Gas release

temperature change

Formation of a precipitate

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Chemical reaction, a process in which one or more substances, the reactants, are converted to one or more different substances, the products.

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Chemical reaction is the process by which chemicals interact to form new chemicals with different compositions

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A chemical reaction is a process in which substances (reactants) are transformed into new substances (products) with different chemical properties through the breaking and forming of chemical bonds.

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A chemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances, the reactants, are converted to one or more different substances, the products.

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Thermochemistry studies heat changes in chemical reactions. For example, burning fuel releases heat (exothermic). 🔥🔥🤨🤨

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A process in which one or more substances, the reactants, are converted to one or more different substances, the product.

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Combustion

Decomposition

Single Displacement

Double Displacement

Combination

Acid-Base

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A chemical reaction is a process in which substances, called reactants, are transformed into new substances, called products. During this process, the chemical bonds between atoms are broken, formed, or rearranged.

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1. Synthesis (Combination): Two or more substances combine to form one product.

2. Decomposition: A single compound breaks down into simpler substances.

3. Single Replacement: One element replaces another in a compound.

4. Double Replacement: Two compounds exchange elements to form new compounds.

5. Combustion: A substance reacts with oxygen, releasing energy as heat and light.

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Precipitate formation

Odor or Gas release

Temperature change

Color change

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An endothermic reaction is a chemical or physical process that absorbs heat from its surroundings.

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Combination

Decomposition

Single Displacement

Double Displacement

Combustion

Acid-Base

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A chemical reaction is a process in which reactants react chemically and convert into products by chemical transformation.

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Some types of chemical reactions are synthesis, decomposition, single displacement, and double displacement.

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1. Combination

2. Decomposition

3. Single Displacement

4. Double Displacement

5. Combustion

6. Acid-Base

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Spongebob Drip Goku GIF - Spongebob Drip Goku Squidward - Discover & Share GIFs

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Color change

Precipitate formation

Release of odor/gas

Temperature change

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1. Combination

2. Decomposition

3. Single Replacement

4. Double Replacement

5. Combustion

6. Acid-Base

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A chemical reaction is a process where substances interact to form new substances with different properties.

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• odor, temperature change, precipitate formation, production of gas bubbles, and a color change.

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Acids - pH is less than 7

Bases - pH is more than 7

If the pH is exactly 7, then it's neutral :)

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To determine whether a substance is an acid or a base, count the hydrogens on each substance before and after the reaction. If the number of hydrogens has decreased that substance is the acid (donates hydrogen ions). If the number of hydrogens has increased that substance is the base (accepts hydrogen ions).

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Color change

Gas or Odor Release

Formation of Precipitate

Temperature Change

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Combination

Decomposition

Single Displacement

Double Displacement

Combustion

Acid Base

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An acid is any hydrogen-containing substance that is capable of donating a proton (hydrogen ion) to another substance. A base is a molecule or ion able to accept a hydrogen ion from an acid. Acidic substances are usually identified by their sour taste.

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Vanadium oxide is a catalyst because it facilitates redox reactions by switching between oxidation states, speeding up processes without being consumed.

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Chemical reaction, a process in which one or more substances, the reactants, are converted to one or more different substances, the products. Substances are either chemical elements or compounds. A chemical reaction rearranges the constituent atoms of the reactants to create different substances as products.

Kotz, J. C., & Treichel, P. M. (2024, December 16). Chemical reaction | Definition, Equations, Examples, & Types. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/chemical-reaction

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In general, we have:

Acid + Base -> Salt + Water

Acids donate a proton (H+ ion) to another substance. Bases do the opposite: they can accept a proton. This is the biggest acid-base difference.

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Indicators for chemical reaction:

Color change

Formation of a precipitate

Release of gas/odor

Change in temperature

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Indicators of a chemical reaction include: a change in color, formation of a gas (bubbles), a change in temperature, the production of light, the formation of a precipitate, a change in odor, and a change in volume.

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The five basic types of chemical reactions are combination, decomposition, single-replacement, double-replacement, and combustion.

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Color Change

Temperature Change

Precipitate Formation

Odor or Gas Release

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Exothermic: Releases heat (e.g., combustion).

Endothermic: Absorbs heat (e.g., melting ice).

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Acids produce hydrogen ions and Bases accept hydrogen ions.

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A chemical reaction is a process in which reactants are converted into new products with distinct chemical properties.

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Combination (Synthesis) reaction: A + B → AB.

Decomposition reaction: AB → A + B.

Displacement reaction: A + BC → AB + C.

Double displacement reaction: AB + CD → AD + BC.

Combustion reaction: CH4+2O2→CO2+2H2O.

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An exothermic reaction is defined as a chemical reaction that releases a significant amount of energy in the form of heat to the surroundings. Examples Handwarmers,campfires, and the combustion of wood are all examples of exothermic reaction

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1. Change in color – A new color appears that wasn't there before.

2. Formation of a gas – Bubbles or fizzing occur, indicating gas production.

3. Formation of a precipitate – A solid forms from two liquid reactants.

4. Change in temperature – The reaction releases heat (exothermic) or absorbs heat (endothermic).

5. Emission of light or sound – Bright flashes or sounds indicate energy release.

6. Change in odor – A new smell may form due to the reaction.

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Acids

Acidic solutions have a pH less than 7, with lower pH values corresponding to increasing acidity. Common examples of acids include acetic acid (in vinegar), sulfuric acid (used in car batteries), and tartaric acid (used in baking).

Bases

In water, basic solutions will have a

pH between 7-14.

Source:

LumenLearning. (n.d.). Acids and bases. Pressbooks. https://uen.pressbooks.pub/introductorychemistry/chapter/acids-and-bases/#:~:text=An%20acid%20is%20a%20substance,the%20chemical%20opposite%20of%20acids.

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Thermochemistry is the study of the heat energy which is associated with chemical reactions and/or phase changes such as melting and boiling.

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Thermochemistry involves a study of heat and energy related to various physical transformations and chemical reactions.

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There are three main ways to think about acids and bases, which are:

1. Arrhenius Definition: This idea says acids are substances that release hydrogen ions (H⁺) in water, and bases are substances that release hydroxide ions (OH⁻). This idea was first explained by a scientist named Svante Arrhenius in 1883.

2. Another way is a more complex way which is Brønsted-Lowry definition, which focuses on acids giving away hydrogen ions (H⁺) and bases taking them.

3. Another way, called the Lewis definition, is a bit more technical and looks at how substances share or take electrons.

Reference : Clark, J., Broderick, C., & Moussa, M. (2019, February 23). Overview of Acids and Bases. Chemistry LibreTexts. https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry_Textbook_Maps/Supplemental_Modules_(Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry)/Acids_and_Bases/Acid/Overview_of_Acids_and_Bases

‌

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Acids and bases are substances that have different chemical properties and react with each other to form salts.

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In a chemical reaction, an acid and a base react together in a process called a "neutralization reaction", where the acid donates a hydrogen ion (H+) to the base, resulting in the formation of a salt and water as the products; essentially, they "cancel each other out" when mixed together.

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Acids have a pH scale of 7 below, while bases have a pH scale of 7 above, neutral is 7

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On the pH scale, acids have a pH value less than 7, while bases have a pH value greater than 7; a pH of 7 is considered neutral.

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Types of Chemical Reaction

A. Combination: A reaction when 2 or more reactants combine to form a single product.

B. Decomposition: A single reactsnt breaks down into simpler ones. (Reverse of Combination reaction)

C. Single Displacement: One element replaces another element from a compound.

D. Double Displacement: When the positive ions (cations) and negative ions (anions) of different compound switch places, forming two entirely different compounds.

E. Combustion: When oxygen combines with a hydrocarbon to form water and carbon dioxide.

F. Acid-Base: A special kind of double displacement reaction that takes place when an acid and base react with each other.

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Colors Change

Temperature Change

Formation of Precipitate

Release of Gas/Odor

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Combination

Decomposition

Single Displacement

Double Displacement

Combustion

Acid-base

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The five basic types of chemical reactions are combination, decomposition, single-replacement, double-replacement, and combustion

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1. Color change

2. Formation of precipitates

3. Release of gas/odor

4. Temperature change

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The five basic types of chemical reactions are combination, decomposition, single-replacement, double-replacement, and combustion.

Libretexts. (2020, August 11). 5.3: Types of chemical reactions. Chemistry LibreTexts. https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Valley_City_State_University/Chem_121/Chapter_5%3A_Introduction_to_Redox_Chemistry/5.3%3A_Types_of_Chemical_Reactions#:~:text=The%20five%20basic%20types%20of,into%20more%20than%20one%20category.

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CHEMICAL REACTION😱

A chemical reaction is a process that breaks and forms chemical bonds between one or more substances, known as reactants, to create new substances as products. As a result of this process, the substances' chemical components and characteristics change.

Sources:

https://www.britannica.com/science/chemical-reaction

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A combination reaction, also known as a synthesis reaction, is a reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a single new substance.

A decomposition reaction is a reaction in which a compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances.

A single-replacement reaction is a reaction in which one element replaces a similar element in a compound.

A double-replacement reaction is a reaction in which the positive and negative ions of two ionic compounds exchange places to form two new compounds.

A combustion reaction is a reaction in which a substance reacts with oxygen gas, releasing energy in the form of light and heat.

Source:

Libretexts. (2020, August 11). 5.3: Types of chemical reactions. Chemistry LibreTexts. https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Valley_City_State_University/Chem_121/Chapter_5%3A_Introduction_to_Redox_Chemistry/5.3%3A_Types_of_Chemical_Reactions#:~:text=The%20five%20basic%20types%20of,into%20more%20than%20one%20category.

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A chemical reaction is a process where substances (reactants) change into new substances (products) with different properties.

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A catalyst increases the rate of forward and forward reaction to equal extent. However it does not affects the value of the equilibrium constant.

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There are many different ways to spot a chemical change. Five different signs include odor, temperature change, precipitate formation, production of gas bubbles, and a color change.

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Chemical reactions are the processes by which chemicals interact to form new chemicals with different compositions.

https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Inorganic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_and_Websites_(Inorganic_Chemistry)/Chemical_Reactions/Chemical_Reactions_Examples/Chemical_Reactions_Overview

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A catalyst is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction, or lowers the temperature or pressure needed to start one, without itself being consumed during the reaction.

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A chemical reaction is a process in which substances (reactants) change into new substances (products) with different chemical properties, involving the breaking and forming of chemical bonds.

SOURCE:

Admin. (2023, May 29). Chemical Reactions - Definition, Equations, Types, Examples with FAQs of Chemical Reactions.BYJUS. https://byjus.com/chemistry/chemical-reactions/

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Chemical reactions involve reactants combining to produce products, breaking and building bonds between atoms, resulting in color, temperature, or gas release changes.

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TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTION

The basis for different types of reactions is the product formed, the changes that occur, the reactants involved and so on. Different types of reactions are

Combustion reaction

Decomposition reaction

Neutralization reaction

Redox Reaction

Precipitation or Double-Displacement Reaction

Synthesis reaction

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Discover recipes, home ideas, style inspiration and other ideas to try.

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The chemical equation needs to be balanced in order to follow the conservation of mass principle. A chemical equation is considered balanced when the number of unique elemental atoms on the reactant side and the number on the product side are equal.

BYJU'S. (n.d.). Why do we balance the chemical equation? Retrieved January 27, 2025, from [https://byjus.com/question-answer/why-do-we-balance-the-chemical-equation/](https://byjus.com/question-answer/why-do-we-balance-the-chemical-equation/)

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A chemical reaction is a process that transforms one or more substances (called reactants) into one or more distinct compounds (called products). Chemical elements or compounds make up substances. In a chemical reaction, the reactants' constituent atoms are rearranged to produce various products.

Kotz, J. C., & Treichel, P. M. (2024, December 16). Chemical reaction | Definition, Equations, Examples, & Types. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/chemical-reaction

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𝗖𝗵𝗲𝗺𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹 𝗥𝗲𝗮𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀 - Process where 1 or more reactants into 1 or more new products.

6 𝙏𝙮𝙥𝙚𝙨 𝙤𝙛 𝘾𝙝𝙚𝙢𝙞𝙘𝙖𝙡 𝙍𝙚𝙖𝙘𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙨:

1. 𝗦𝘆𝘁𝗵𝗲𝘀𝗶𝘀 𝗼𝗿 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗯𝗶𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 - making of simpler materials

2. 𝗗𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗼𝘀𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 - broken down into simple compounds

3. 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗯𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 - Hydrogren, Carbon and Oxygen gas

4. 𝗦𝗶𝗻𝗴𝗹𝗲 𝗗𝗶𝘀𝗽𝗹𝗮𝗰𝗲𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 - 1 element replaces another 1 element

5. 𝗗𝗼𝘂𝗯𝗹𝗲 𝗗𝗶𝘀𝗽𝗹𝗮𝗰𝗲𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁- 2 compounds switch places

6. 𝗔𝗰𝗶𝗱-𝗕𝗮𝘀𝗲 𝗥𝗲𝗮𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 - double displacement of acid and base.

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WHAT ARE ACIDS AND BASES?

Acids are hydrogen-based substances that have lost protons, while bases are the opposite and can neutralize acids.

Acids and bases are fundamental concepts in chemistry, characterized by their hydrogen ion activity and measured on the pH scale from 0 (strongest acid) to 14 (strongest base)

(https://10.1016/b978-0-12-811816-0.00008-7)

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A chemical change happens when a chemical change occurs, creating one or more new types of matter. The following are indicators of chemical changes;

1. Color change

2. Precipitate formation

3. Release in gas/odor

4. Temperature change

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in order to create a new material, a chemical reaction occurs when the bonds between reactant and product molecules are destroyed and new bonds are created.

BYJU’S. (n.d.). Chemical reactions. Retrieved January 27, 2025, from https://byjus.com/chemistry/chemical-reactions/

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Chemical reaction are converted into one or more different substances, known as products.

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Color Change: A visible shift in color, such as rusting or iodine reacting with starch.

Energy Change: Release or absorption of energy, seen as temperature changes, heat, or light

Gas Production: Formation of bubbles or visible gas, like carbon dioxide in vinegar and baking soda reactions.

Precipitate Formation: Appearance of a solid when two solutions react, like silver chloride forming from silver nitrate and saltwater reactions.

Source: LibreTexts. (n.d.). Evidence of a chemical reaction. In Introduction to chemistry. Anoka-Ramsey Community College.Whttps://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/AnokaRamsey_Community_College/Introduction_to_Chemistry/07%3A_Chemical_Reactions/7.02%3A_Evidence_of_a_Chemical_Reaction#:~:text=Chemical%20reactions%20can%20be%20identified,the%20formation%20of%20a%20precipitate

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Catalyst, in chemistry, any substance that increases the rate of a reaction without itself being consumed.

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chemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances, the reactants, are converted to one or more different substances, the products.

Kotz, J. C., & Treichel, P. M. (2024, December 16). Chemical reaction | Definition, Equations, Examples, & Types. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/ch

emical-reaction

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Combination

Decomposition

Single Displacement

Double Displacement

Combustion

Acid-Base

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A chemical reaction is a process that transforms one or more substances (called reactants) into one or more distinct compounds (called products). Chemical elements or compounds make up substances. In a chemical reaction, the reactants' constituent atoms are rearranged to produce various products.

Kotz, J. C., & Treichel, P. M. (2024, December 16). Chemical reaction | Definition, Equations, Examples, & Types. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/chemical-reaction

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Kemekal reaksichon ─⁠=⁠≡⁠Σ⁠(⁠╯⁠°⁠□⁠°⁠)⁠╯

A chemical reaction is a process where reactants are transformed into different products due to a redistribution of atoms.

(https://10.1515/9783110622096-toc)

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1. Combination or Synthesis - a reaction when two or more elements combine

to form a single product.

General equation: A + B → AB

Example: Sodium + Chlorine gas → Sodium chloride

2. Decomposition - a single reactant breaks down into simpler ones. It is the opposite of combination reaction.

General equation: AB → A + B

Example: Sodium chloride → Sodium + Chlorine gas

3. Single Displacement (Replacement) – A substance; it can be an element or

a compound; capable of replacing one of the atoms of a given compound.

General equation: AB + C → AC + B

Example: Potassium bromide + chlorine gas → Potassium chloride + bromine

gas

KBr + Cl2 → KCl + Br2

4. Double Displacement (Replacement) – a reaction in which ions get

exchanged between two reactants, resulting to the formation of a new

compound.

General equation: AB + CD → AD + CB

Example:

Silver nitrate + Magnesium chloride → Silver chloride + Magnesium

nitrate

AgNO3(aq) + MgCl2(s)) → AgCl(s) + MgNO3(aq)

5. Combustion (Burning) Reaction – a reaction wherein oxygen gas combines

with a hydrocarbon; a compound containing carbon and hydrogen atoms;

forming carbon dioxide and water as the products.

General equation: CnHn + O2 → CO2 + H2O

6. Acid-Base Reaction or Neutralization Reaction - special kind of double

displacement reaction that takes place when an acid and a base react. In

general, the products of this reaction are salt and water.

General equation: Acid + Base → Salt + Water

HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H20

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G6 - Pascal || INDICATORS OF CHEMICAL REACTION

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G6 - Pascal || INDICATORS OF CHEMICAL REACTION

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Indicators of a chemical reaction: ♡´･ᴗ･`♡

1. Color change – Formation of a new substance.

2. Temperature change – Heat released or absorbed.

3. Gas production – Bubbles or gas observed.

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Pin de Strawberrii em Headers | Fabi, Twitter

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12/jul/2024 - Strawberrii encontrou este Pin. Encontre (e salve!) seus próprios Pins no Pinterest.

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a process that transforms one or more substances (called reactants) into one or more distinct compounds (called products). One set of chemical substances can change into another through a process known as a chemical reaction.

https://www.britannica.com/science/chemical-reaction

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vinegar, a sour liquid that is made by the fermentation of any of numerous dilute alcoholic liquids into a liquid containing acetic acid. Vinegar may be produced from a variety of materials: apples or grapes (wine or cider vinegar); malted barley or oats (malt vinegar); and industrial alcohol (distilled white vinegar).

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A. Combination/ Synthesis Reaction

2 or more reactants form to produce a single product

A+B -> AB

B. Decomposition Reaction

Opposite of Combination

A single reactant breaks down into simpler ones

AB -> A+B

C. Single Displacement/ Replacement reaction

One element (more reactive) replaces another (less reactive) in a compound

AB+C -> AC+B

D. Double displacement/ Metathesis Reaction

Two compounds swap (cations & anions)

AB+CD -> AD+CB

E. Combustion/ Burning Reaction

Hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen to produce CO2 & H2O

Cx+Hy+02 -> CO2 + H20