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Missouri wanted to enter the US as a slave state, but it would unbalance the ratio of slave states and free states. Henry Clay created an imaginary line at 36, 30 latitude and any new state above the line would be free, and anything below it would be a slave state.

HOT question: What would have resulted if the Missouri Compromis never happened, and every state could choose to be free or a slave state.

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This case started when a man named John Mann hired a slave. The slave tried to escape and John shot and inured her. Mann was charged, but he thought that since he was technically a "slave owner", he could do anything he wanted with his slave. This case was brought to the North Carolina supreme court. The case would end siding with Mann.

HOT question: Do you agree with the actions made by Mann, and the courts decisions?

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To help northern economy and industrys, the a federal governemnt made a new tariff which raised the price of European goods in hopes that people would instead buy goods from the north. This was called the Tariff of Abominations. Leaders in the south showed anger towords the tariff, and this lead to the Nullification Crisis.

HOT question: What changes would you make to solve the anger that the southern leaders had towards the new tariff?

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https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/wilmot-proviso                                     The picture is a GIF

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Even though the it wasn't really important in the US history, the Wilmot Proviso shows insight into anti-slavery positions among northerners and reopened debates about slavery in the territories which had lasting effects on slavery, and slave rights.

HOT question: How would you show your understanding of the Wilmot Proviso?

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A new political party for abolitionist.

HOT question: What facts would you select to show that this political party was important?

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California wants to enter the United States as a free state which would conflict with the Missouri Compromise. Henry Clay proposes that California should be free.

HOT question: What conclusions can you draw about the US government at this point in time?

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The Consitiution included a clause that allowed people that were used for a service or labor (slaves) to be returned to the place they escaped from.

HOT question: What is your opinion of this act. How did it affect the slaves that tried to escape to freedom?

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During a vote to decide whether Kansas would be a slave state of not, people from Missouri come to vote as well (They wanted it to be a slave state like them). This ended in a violent fight that injured both sides.

HOT question: Why is it better that this didn't end worse than what it was?

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Kansas and Nebraska both wanted to enter the US, and both would be free. This would unbalance the ratio of free and slave states. A man named Stephen Douglas suggests that the states should choose what they want to be.

HOT question: What choice would you have made if you were of power and got to make the choice of if these states would be free or slave states?

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A Supreme Court case in 1857 where the court ruled that enslaved people, like Dred Scott, were not considered US citizens and therefore could not sue in federal court.

HOT question: What approach would you use to higher understand this case?

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Lincoln - Douglas Debates - August 21, 1858

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Lincoln - Douglas Debates - August 21, 1858

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During this debate, both sides were running for US senate in 1858. The key issues in the debates was slavery, and slaves rights. Lincoln also gave a speech saying that the country should decided whether or not it would have slavery, not the states. Lincoln lost, and Douglas was reelected, but Lincoln gained a lot of popularity from this.

HOT question: What judgement would you make about this debate. Who would you have voted for?

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Lincoln - Douglas debates - August 21, 1858

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John Brown's Raid and Trail - October 16, 1859

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John Brown's Raid and Trail - October 16, 1859

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John Brown was a man who sometimes violents opposed slavary. He, and some others went to Harper Ferry, Virginia to take charge of the federal army. Southerns felt that this could cause an insurrection among slaves. During the trial, Brown was sentenced to the death penalty, and he was hung December 2, 1859.

HOT question: If you got a chance to talk to John Brown before he was arrected, what would you recommend for him to do to make a difference in slavery other than using violence?