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The removal of the gallbladder can lead to infections and bleeding.

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a patient may develop:

-Infection with increasing pain and pus dripping from wound

- bleeding

bile leakage and injury

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Some implications may be wound infections, bleeding, bile leakage, injury to bile duct and more.

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patients may need more follow up operations to help reverse the damage received from the surgery.

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Some people develop a wound or internal infection after a gallbladder removal and may experience bleeding, although it is rare. There may also be bile leakage and injury to the bile duct. The surgical instruments used to remove the gallbladder can also injure surrounding structures, such as the intestine, bowel and blood vessels.

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The gallbladder's purpose is to store the bile produced by the liver which emulsified fats in the small intestines. But with gallstones, the stones block the bile duct causing the bile stored in the gallbladder to be unable to flow into the small intestine to emulsify the fats. When fats are not emulsified, there is a lesser surface area to volume ratio of fats for enzymes to work on causing fat digestion to take longer.

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The gallstones would block the bile duct, making bile in the small intestine to be scarce and causing the emulsion of fat to be ineffective.

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The Gallstones blocks the bile duct which prevents the bile from secreting into the duodenum and thus it prevents the digestion of fats

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gallstones can become dangerous if they start to travel through your biliary tract and get stuck somewhere. They can clog up your biliary tract and duodenum, causing pain and serious complications, hence, this affects the digestion of fats and caused to be less efficient.

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gallstones may clog the bile duct, stop bile from being released into the small intestine, and thus, slow down the process of the digestion of fats.

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Infection

Some people develop a wound or internal infection after a gallbladder removal.

Signs of a possible infection include increasing pain, swelling or redness, and pus leaking from a wound.

See your GP if you develop these symptoms, as you may need a short course of antibiotics.

Bile leakage

When the gallbladder is removed, special clips are used to seal the tube that connects the gallbladder to the main bile duct.

But bile fluid can occasionally leak out into the tummy (abdomen) after the gallbladder is removed.

Symptoms of a bile leak include tummy pain, feeling sick, a fever and a swollen tummy.

Sometimes this fluid can be drained off. Occasionally, an operation is required to drain the bile and wash out the inside of your tummy.

Bile leakage occurs in around 1% of cases.

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The gallstones will block the bile duct and prevent bile from being able to aid in digestion of fats.

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Gallstones can become dangerous if they start to travel through your biliary tract and get stuck, which can clog up your biliary tract. This would affect the digestion of fat since bile is used to help but it is clogged in the biliary tract.

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may need one or more additional operations to repair the bile ducts if it is infected

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Removal of the gallbladder (cholecystectomy) is considered a relatively safe procedure, but like all operations there's a small risk of complications.

Infection

Some people develop a wound or internal infection after a gallbladder removal.

Signs of a possible infection include increasing pain, swelling or redness, and pus leaking from a wound.

See your GP if you develop these symptoms, as you may need a short course of antibiotics.

Bleeding

Bleeding can occur after your operation, although this is rare. If it does occur, you may require a further operation to stop it.

Bile leakage

When the gallbladder is removed, special clips are used to seal the tube that connects the gallbladder to the main bile duct.

But bile fluid can occasionally leak out into the tummy (abdomen) after the gallbladder is removed.

Symptoms of a bile leak include tummy pain, feeling sick, a fever and a swollen tummy.

Sometimes this fluid can be drained off. Occasionally, an operation is required to drain the bile and wash out the inside of your tummy.

Bile leakage occurs in around 1% of cases.

Injury to the bile duct

The bile duct can be damaged during a gallbladder removal.

If this happens during surgery, it may be possible to repair it straight away.

In some cases, further surgery is needed after your original operation.

Injury to the intestine, bowel and blood vessels

The surgical instruments used to remove the gallbladder can also injure surrounding structures, such as the intestine, bowel and blood vessels.

This type of injury is rare and can usually be repaired at the time of the operation.

Sometimes injuries are noticed afterwards and a further operation is needed.

Deep vein thrombosis

Some people are at a higher risk of blood clots developing after surgery.

This is known as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and usually occurs in a leg vein.

This can be serious because the clot can travel around the body and could block the flow of blood into the lungs (pulmonary embolism).

You may be given special compression stockings to wear after the operation to prevent this happening.

Risks from general anaesthetic

There are several serious complications associated with having a general anaesthetic, but these are very rare.

Complications include allergic reaction and death. Being fit and healthy before your operation reduces the risk of any complications occurring.

Post-cholecystectomy syndrome

Some people experience symptoms similar to those caused by gallstones after surgery, including:

tummy pain

indigestion

diarrhoea

yellowing of the eyes and skin (jaundice)

a high temperature (fever)

This is known as post-cholecystectomy syndrome (PCS). It's thought to be caused by bile leaking into areas such as the stomach, or by gallstones being left in the bile ducts.

In most cases symptoms are mild and short-lived, but they can persist for many months.

If you have persistent symptoms, you should contact your GP for advice.

You may benefit from a procedure to remove any remaining gallstones, or medication to relieve your symptoms.

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gallstones removal would relieve the pain of the patient. However, having surgery may lead to the damage of bile ducts.

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Removing the gall bladder can cause bile leakages and cause injury to both the bile duct and intestine. It can also cause an infection and post-cholecystectomy syndrome which includes indigestion, diarrhoea ad Jaundice.

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After gallbladder removal, some patients can develop

Infection

Bleeding

Bile leaking

injury to the bile duct, bowel, blood vessels and intestines

Developing DVT

Experiencing PCS

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Since gallstones block the bile duct, this means that when the gallbladder contracts to push the bile into the duodenum, the bile is unable to be released into the duodenum and thus this leads to fats not being able to be broken down into smaller substances.

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the gallstones will block the bile ducts where bile is stored and the bile aids in the physical digestion of fats

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Gallstones can affect the digestion of fat by disrupting the normal flow of bile, which is essential for breaking down fats during digestion.

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Gallstones form when liquid stored in the gallbladder hardens into small pieces of material. The liquid bile is used to help the body digest fats. It is made in the liver, then stored in the gallbladder until the body needs to digest fat.

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since the gall stones block the bile duct, the bile is not able to enter the duodenum and emulsify the fats, making the breaking down to fats less efficient

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Gallstones can clog the bile duct, prevent bile from being released into the small intestine and prevent the digestion of fats.

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https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/gallbladder-removal/risks/

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Read about the risks of gallbladder removal surgery (cholecystectomy), including infections, internal damage and blood clots.

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Gallstones are made of cholesterol, bile salts and other substances. These stones may become large enough to block the bile duct. 

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Gallstones are made of cholesterol, bile salts and other substances. These stones may become large enough to block the bile duct. 

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Click on the link to find out more about gallstones.

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Click on the link to find out more about gallstones.

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https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/7313-gallstones

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What are gallstones symptoms?

Gallstones generally don't cause symptoms unless they get stuck and create a blockage. This blockage causes symptoms, most commonly upper abdominal pain and nausea. These may come and go, or they may come and stay. You might develop other symptoms if the blockage is severe or lasts a long time, like:

Sweating.

Fever.

Fast heart rate.

Abdominal swelling and tenderness.

Yellow tint to your skin and eyes.

Dark-colored pee and light-colored poop.

What is gallstone pain like?

Typical gallstone pain is sudden and severe and may make you sick to your stomach. This is called a gallstone attack or gallbladder attack. You might feel it most severely after eating, when your gallbladder contracts, creating more pressure in your biliary system. It might wake you from sleep.

Gallstone pain that builds to a peak and then slowly fades is called biliary colic. It comes in episodes that may last minutes to hours. The episode ends when and if the stone moves or the pressure eases. People describe the pain as intense, sharp, stabbing, cramping or squeezing. You might be unable to sit still.

Where is gallstone pain located?

Your biliary system is located in the upper right quadrant of your abdomen, which is under your right ribcage. Most people feel gallstone pain in this region. But sometimes, it can radiate to other areas. Some people feel it in their right arm or shoulder or in their back between their shoulder blades.

Some people feel gallstone pain in the middle of their abdomen or chest. This can be confusing because the feeling might resemble other conditions. Some people mistake gallstone pain for heartburn or indigestion. Others might feel like they're having a heart attack, which is a different emergency.

Are gallstones symptoms different in a female?

Gallstone symptoms aren't different in women or people assigned female at birth (AFAB). But people AFAB may be more likely to experience referred pain - pain that you feel in a different place from where it started. So, they may be more likely to experience gallstone pain in their arm, shoulder, chest or back.

People AFAB are also more prone to chronic pain, and they may be more likely to dismiss pain that comes and goes, like biliary colic does. It's important to see a healthcare provider about any severe or recurring pain, even if it goes away. Once you've had a gallstone attack, you're likely to have another.

What triggers gallstone pain?

Gallstone pain means that a gallstone has gotten stuck in your biliary tract and caused a blockage. If it's a major blockage, you might feel it right away. If it's only a partial blockage, you might not notice until your gallbladder contracts, creating more pressure in your system. Eating triggers this contraction.

A rich, heavy or fatty meal will trigger a bigger gallbladder contraction. That's because your small intestine detects the fat content in your meal and tells your gallbladder how much bile it will need to help break it down. Your gallbladder responds by squeezing the needed bile out into your bile ducts.

What are the important warning signs of gallstones?

Biliary colic is the only warning sign of gallstones that you'll get. It happens when a gallstone causes a temporary blockage, then manages to move out of the way and let bile flow through again. Even though the pain eventually goes away, it's important to recognize these episodes as the warning that they are.

Once a gallstone has caused a blockage in your biliary tract, it's likely to keep happening. The same one may be hanging around the same tight spot and continuing to grow. Or you may have more gallstones waiting in the wings. One day, a gallstone might get stuck and stay stuck. This would be an emergency.

What are the possible complications of having gallstones?

If a gallstone blocks the flow of bile through your biliary system, it can affect any or all of the organs in that system. Bile that can't flow backs up into your bile ducts and organs, causing acute inflammation and encouraging bacterial infections. When severe, these conditions can become life-threatening.

Complications include:

Can gallstones make you tired and dizzy?

Dizziness and fatigue are symptoms of low blood pressure. These aren't typical symptoms of gallstones. However, low blood pressure is a possible side effect of gallstone complications. Severe inflammation or infection in your biliary system could trigger a faster heart rate along with a drop in blood pressure.

What causes gallstones?

Gallstones form when there's an excess of one of the main ingredients in bile. The excess ingredient turns to sediment at the bottom of your gallbladder or bile ducts, and the sediment gradually hardens into stones. Cholesterol stones are the most common type. Pigment (bilirubin) stones are the other.

A variety of factors may be involved in this process, including:

Excess cholesterol. Your liver extracts cholesterol from your blood to make bile. If there's too much cholesterol in your blood, the proportions in your bile will be off. Bile needs a balance of lipids and acids to hold all the ingredients together. Any excess will fall by the wayside.

Excess bilirubin. Bilirubin is a byproduct of broken-down old red blood cells. You might have an excess of bilirubin if you have a blood disorder that destroys too many red blood cells, or if your liver is impaired in some way and struggling to process its normal load of bilirubin into bile.

Not enough bile acids (bile salts). Certain diseases can cause bile acid malabsorption, which means that you lose bile acids in your poop. If you lose too many, your liver won't have enough left to make bile with. The lack of bile acids creates an excess of lipids (cholesterol) in your bile.

Cholestasis or gallbladder stasis. "Stasis" means inactivity. If your bile ducts or gallbladder aren't moving bile effectively through your biliary tract, the bile is more likely to form sediment. This might be an issue with the muscles or with the chemical signaling that tells them to move.

What risk factors contribute to gallstones (cholelithiasis)?

A variety of diseases and conditions can affect your bile flow or your cholesterol, bilirubin or bile acid levels. But not everyone with gallstones has an underlying condition. Some of the most common risk factors are normal factors, like your age, genetic profile, hormone levels and weight fluctuations.

Risk factors include:

Age. Gallstones take time to develop and grow large enough to cause an obstruction. Men and people assigned male at birth (AMAB) are more likely to get them after age 60. Women and people AFAB are more likely to get them during their fertile years, roughly between the ages of 20 and 50.

Hormones. Women and people AFAB are three times more likely to get gallstones than men and people AMAB. Their risk peaks and declines with their estrogen and progesterone levels. Estrogen increases cholesterol levels, while progesterone slows your gallbladder from emptying.

Weight. Body fat releases estrogen, so having more of it raises your estrogen levels and your cholesterol levels. On the other hand, rapid weight loss, like after weight loss surgery, can also cause gallstones. Losing body fat quickly releases large loads of cholesterol into your bile.

Genetics. If you're of Native American or Mexican descent, your genetic profile makes you more prone to higher cholesterol levels in your bile, leading to gallstones. If you have a family history of gallstones, you may be more likely to develop them, regardless of your racial heritage.

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You might never know you have them until you experience a gallstone attack. Learn how to recognize the signs and symptoms, and when to seek care.

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