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Misto avilan!

This is a free space to welcome your fellow trainees, in any way you want!

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ternYpe website: https://www.ternype.eu/

ternYpe FB: https://www.facebook.com/www.ternype.eu

ternYpe Instagram: https://shorturl.at/tzN25

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David Paraschiv

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Debarati Ganguly

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Forgotten history: the Romani Migration from India to Europe 

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Forgotten history: the Romani Migration from India to Europe 

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https://youtu.be/E_4S4sxxI78?si=bqc7NwlijT3zF9Qn

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Forgotten History: the Romani (Gypsy) Migration from India to Europe

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Program of the week

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1.Group 1-Migration of Roma

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https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/marzahn

memorial site (homepage in German): https://www.gedenkstaette-zwangslager-marzahn.de/

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1920-1945: Marzahn, Stadtbezirk Lichtenberg, Gross-Berlin, Land Preussen, Deutsches Reich

After 2001: Marzahn-Hellersdorf, Land Berlin, Bundesrepublik Deutschland

The camp for Roma in Berlin-Marzahn, officially known as "Rastplatz Marzahn," was located approximately 6.25 miles (10 kilometers) east-northeast of the city center of Berlin. It was established on the eve of the summer Olympics in Berlin, after Reich Interior Minister Wilhelm Frick issued a decree for "Combating the Gypsy Plague" in early June 1936. This document called for tightening controls and police oversight of the "Gypsy" population in Germany. As a result, the head of the Berlin police ordered construction of an internment camp in Marzahn. The head of the Berlin police implemented the decree and called for a roundup of Roma and Sinti in Greater Berlin. On July 16, 1936, more than 500 policemen arrested approximately 600 Roma and Sinti, including men, women, and children, and forced them to move into the Berlin-Marzahn camp. The camp was supervised primarily by the criminal police (Kripo) in Berlin.

In the following years, Sinti and Roma who arrived in Berlin were arrested and sent to the camp. By September 27, 1938, 852 people were living at the Marzahn site. Overall, approximately 1,200 Roma and Sinti men, women, and children were forced to reside there between 1936 and 1945. It was the largest camp for Roma and Sinti in the Old Reich.

The Roma and Sinti at Berlin-Marzahn were subjected to forced labor. From 1942 onwards, the Berlin Labor Office assigned men and women from the camp to work as forced laborers at various companies in Berlin, including the engineering works of Danneburg und Quandt and the stationery manufacturer F. & M. Schöffler. The Roma children were not allowed to go to school in the locality. For the first year after the camp opened a teacher gave them lessons in the barracks, but he was soon drafted, leaving no one to carry on.

Living conditions at the camp proved very harsh. In 1936 approximately 600 people resided in the Berlin-Marzahn camp. They lived in only 130 caravans and a single barracks building. While the men built new barracks, people slept in and under the wagons and used blankets and rags to shield themselves from the wind. The men were also forced to build accommodations for the police guards. In 1938, the Berlin city government built three more barracks in the camp, and in the fall of 1938, approximately one quarter of the 852 inmates resided in these barracks.

Food remained very scarce in the camp. The inmates had to go into Marzahn to buy groceries. All of the passes and ration cards carried by the Roma and Sinti were stamped with a "Z" (for Zigeuner) and the fingerprint of the person's right middle finger. There was only one butcher and one baker who would sell goods to them, and they were only allowed to buy the food that remained after the residents of the town had finished shopping. Occasionally an independent farmer would barter with people from the camp and provide them with a small meal or grocery item. Conditions became worse when the war began and "Gypsies" were no longer allowed to receive extra rations. In the fall of 1942 the Berlin mayor decreed that whole milk could not be sold to them. The children were only allotted one-eighth of a liter (half a cup) of milk per day. The camp was located directly on the Werneuchen Railway, and a fourteen-year-old girl recalls that sometimes people on the trains, knowing that they were suffering, gave them a little bread or coal.

Only three pumps for water stood in the camp, and in the winter they were completely frozen shut. The inmates also had access to only two toilets. This created gravely unhygienic conditions and caused disease to spread rapidly through the camp. In March 1939 approximately 40 percent of the population had contracted scabies. Scarlet fever, diphtheria, and tuberculosis also spread very quickly, and between July 1936 and March 1938 at least 170 people became so ill that they were taken to a hospital. No medical care existed in the camp itself.

The five policemen who oversaw the camp meted out brutal treatment. They punched the prisoners and beat them with weapons. Lina Steinbach and her daughter Alma also recall that Hauptwachtmeister Bredel would set his watchdog on the prisoners, causing severe injuries. Furthermore, the young researcher Gerhart Stein opened a research facility for racial biology in the camp and carried out "medical" experiments on the prisoners. He labeled them either as pure-blooded ( Reinrassige), or of mixed race ( Mischlinge). The facility was also affiliated with the Institute for Hereditary Biology and Racial Hygiene ( Institut für Erbbiologie und Rassenhygiene) in Frankfurt am Main. In his memoir, survivor Otto Rosenberg recalls one instance of torture that involved both the camp guards and Stein. During one of his experiments, Stein asked an old woman a question and when she did not tell him what he wanted to know, she ran away and hid. The police sought her out and shaved her hair. They then doused her in freezing water and forced her to stand still on the spot. It had already turned cold and within three days she was dead.

Perhaps the most degrading part of the Marzahn camp was its location. The camp bordered a cemetery, a taboo and forbidden place according to Roma customs. Furthermore, Marzahn was the site of a large sewage facility. The land surrounding the camp was strewn with feces due to the nearby sewage farms.

Most of those residing in the Marzahn camp were deported to KL Auschwitz-Birkenau in six separate transports during March 1943. The largest of these transports took place on March 7, 19, 24, and 30. On arrival, the prisoners were sent to Lagerabschnitt B IIe, a family camp for "Gypsies." The names of 186 of these people are known. Only 7 of them survived the war. In 1943, 118 of them died from the conditions in the camp. They were also subjected to "medical" experimentation, including mass sterilization. At the beginning of August 1943, this camp was liquidated and most of the prisoners were killed in the gas chambers in the east.

Fifty-two Roma and Sinti remained behind in Marzahn. Little is known about them. Some lived out the rest of the war in the camp, while some were subsequently also deported to Auschwitz. In September 1944, 14 men, women, and children were deported from Lublin to the Berlin-Marzahn camp. In 1943, an air raid destroyed most of the accommodations in the camp. The remaining Roma and Sinti lived in only a single barrack that had been previously used as a school. The Soviet Army liberated them at the end of April 1945. Many had died from starvation, however, and only two dozen Roma and Sinti survived the war in the Marzahn camp.

Sources

The following publications describe the Berlin-Marzahn camp for Roma further: Patricia Pientka, "Leben und Verfolgung im Zwangslager Berlin-Marzahn 1936-1945," in Die Verfolgung der Sinti und Roma in Nationalsozialismus. Beiträge zur Geschichte der nationalsozialistischen Verfolgung in Norddeutschland, vol. 14, ed. KZ-Gedenkstätte Neuengamme (Bremen: Edition Temmen, 2012), pp. 55-68; Wolfgang Benz, "Das Lager Marzahn: Zur nationalsozialistischen Verfolgung der Sinti und Roma und ihrer anhaltenden Diskriminierung," in Die Normalität des Verbrechens. Bilanz und Perspektiven der Forschung zu den nationalsozialistischen Gewaltverbrechen, Festschrift für Wolfgang Scheffler zum 65 Geburtstag, ed. Helge Grabitz, Klaus Bästlein, and Johannes Tuchel (Berlin: Edition Hentrich, 1994), pp. 260-279; Ute Brucker-Boroujerdi and Wolfgang Wippermann, "Das 'Zigeunerlager' in Berlin-Marzahn," in Pogrom - Zeitschrift für bedrohte Völker, no. 130 (1987): 77-80; Reimar Gilsenbach, "Marzahn - Hitlers erstes Lager für Fremdrassige. Ein vergessenes Kapitel der Naziverbrechen," in Pogrom - Zeitschrift für bedrohte Völker, no. 122 (1986): 15-17.

Relevant archival documentation includes: BA-BL (e.g., R 8077/236); LAB (e.g., A Pr. Br. Rep. 030-02-03, Nr. 82, 127, 177); StA-Hamb (SB I, AF 83.70); and USC Shoah Foundation, Visual History Archive, #40368 (Ewald Hanstein) and #49841 (Otto Rosenberg).

Last Edited: Sep 13, 2018

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The Berlin-Marzahn camp was established a few miles from Berlin's city center, for the detention of Roma, on the eve of the 1936 summer Olympics.

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Institute for Philosophy and Social Theory

https://ifdt.bg.ac.rs/dt_team/pisarri-milovan/?lang=en

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INSTITUTE FOR PHILOSOPHY AND SOCIAL THEORY

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Online Portal about the Genocide against Sinti and Roma and the struggle for remembrance

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Online Portal about the Genocide against Sinti and Roma and the struggle for remembrance

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Introduction

The Nazi genocide perpetrated on the Sinti and Roma is unparalleled in the centuries-old shared history of these minorities and the majority in society. And yet, the crime itself was not without preconditions. Indeed, an attitude of prejudice and resentment towards the Sinti and Roma is deeply rooted in European history.

Any attempt to portray the history of the Sinti and Roma faces the fundamental problem that all sources handed down to us have traditionally been one-sided. Nearly all the testimonies that have been preserved reflect the prejudiced and usually disparaging view adopted by the majority of society. Traditional images of the 'gypsy' play out across a spectrum that ranges from stigmatisation to romantic idealisation.

In the course of their social emancipation, the Sinti and Roma have countered the power of majority society's gaze with their own view and their own history. Historical private and family photos belonging to the Sinti and Roma are therefore an integral part of this exhibition. These first-hand accounts portray people in their individuality and personality, crucially counterbalancing the 'gypsy' clichés that continue to prevail to this day.

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Dokumentations- und Kulturzentrum Deutscher Sinti und Roma , http://www.sintiundroma.de, Mathiess & Schnegg, http://www.matthies-schnegg.de

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The Nazi genocide perpetrated on the Sinti and Roma is unparal­leled in the centuries-old shared history of these minorities and the majority in society. And yet, the crime itself was not without pre­conditions. Indeed, an attitude of prejudice and resentment towards the Sinti and Roma is deeply rooted in European history.

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European Holocaust Memorial Day for Sinti and Roma

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European Holocaust Memorial Day for Sinti and Roma

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European Holocaust Memorial Day for Sinti und Roma

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European Holocaust Memorial Day for Sinti und Roma

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On 2 August, we commemorate the 500,000 Sinti and Roma murdered in Nazi-occupied Europe in the former concentration camp Auschwitz-Birkenau.

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Jasenovac Memorial Museum will be closed to visitors from November 26th 2016 until December 2nd 2016 due to maintenance.

From December 3rd 2016 winter opening hours will take effect:

Monday - Friday: 9 -16 h

The museum is closed on Saturdays, Sundays and state holidays.

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Jasenovac Memorial Museum will be closed to visitors from November 26th 2016 until December 2nd 2016 due to maintenance. From December 3rd 2016 winter opening hours will take effect: Monday - Friday: 9 -16 h The museum is closed on Saturdays, Sundays and state holidays.

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European Holocaust Memorial Day for Sinti und Roma

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Nadir Dedic - European Holocaust Memorial Day for Sinti und Roma

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Roma Memorial Center Uštica News View all news About us Romani cemetery in Uštica (Photo: Croatian Romani Union„KALI SARA", archive) Welcome to the Roma Memorial Center Uštica official website,a unique monument dedicated to the Roma victims ofgenocide during World War II. Find out more Museum Roma Memorial Center Uštica is located in the eponymousvillage, near [...]

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Sources of information:

https://media.nationalgeographic.org/assets/file/romani_MIG.pdf

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Romani_people

https://www.youtube.com/

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https://www.coe.int/en/web/portal/the-roma-europe-forgotten-people

http://theromany.weebly.com/famous-romani.html

https://www.discoverwalks.com/blog/world/10-most-famous-romani-people/

www.youtube.com

https://www.romarchive.eu/en/collection/three-poems-in-romani-and-english/

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https://www.britannica.com/topic/Rom

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Romani_people

https://www.nationalww2museum.org/war/articles/roma-european-culture

https://www.gitanos.org/la_comunidad_gitana/roma_community_europe.html.en

https://fra.europa.eu/en/publication/2022/roma-survey-findings

https://antigypsyism.eu/reference-paper/#referencepaper-workingdefinition

https://rm.coe.int/mirrors-web-version/1680494094

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https://www.sintiundroma.org/en/

https://www.roma-sinti-holocaust-memorial-day.eu/

https://www.romarchive.eu/en/voices-of-the-victims/

https://www.coe.int/en/web/youth-roma/right-to-remember1

https://www.hmd.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Genocide-poster-A3-landscape_updated-July-2020.pdf

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Sweden: The Dark Unknown History - White Paper on Abuses and Rights Violations Against Roma in the 20th Century

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Sweden: The Dark Unknown History - White Paper on Abuses and Rights Violations Against Roma in the 20th Century

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Work at the Government Offices of Sweden on drawing up a White Paper on the abuse and rights violations suffered by Roma began in spring 2011. Less than a year later the Delegation for Roma Issues had shown in the report "Roma Rights - a strategy for Roma in Sweden" (SOU 2010:55) that the human rights of Roma are being violated and that Roma are excluded from substantial parts of society.

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The vulnerability of Roma is most evident in schools and in the labour and housing markets. The Delegation also pointed out that the history of Roma in Sweden is largely unexplored and that there is limited knowledge of their situation.

The purpose of the White Paper is to give recognition to victims and their relatives and to create understanding of the situation of the Roma minority today. This is done by highlighting the abuses the Roma have suffered in a historical context and showing how stereotypes and prejudices have developed and been passed down from generation to generation, and how this has formed the basis of government policy. The purpose of the Paper is also to highlight the role and responsibility various social institutions have had - at an overall level - for the abuses and rights violations

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The Dark Unknown History - White Paper on Abuses and Rights Violations Against Roma in the 20th Century

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Work at the Government Offices of Sweden on drawing up a White Paper on the abuse and rights violations suffered by Roma began in spring 2011. Less...

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Comprehensive support for 80 survivors of the genocide of Roma in Belarus

What does the EVZ Foundation intend to achieve with the project?

The living conditions of elderly Roma survivors in the Belarusian regions of Gomel, Minsk, Bobruisk and Mogilev are to be improved by material aid such as food, hygiene products, medicines or heating material. Legal advice makes for easier access to health, social and legal services for survivors and their families. Spiritual counseling and an emergency phone help to stabilize their mental health. The dialog between generations and the willingness to help within the Roma community is promoted by historical eyewitness interviews and the deployment of volunteers. Enhanced interaction between the Roma and the majority society as well as a newly established website, increase recognition and respect for the Roma national minority.

Who's involved, and who does the project reach?

The Roma self-organization "Romano Drom" from the Gomel region provides multifaceted support for approximately 80 survivors of the genocide against the Roma in 16 Belarusian municipalities. The young Roma volunteers involved in the project receive training in elderly care and legal matters. Representatives of the majority society meet living historical eyewitnesses, visit public commemoration events and thus learn about the history and culture of the Belarusian Roma.

Why is the Foundation supporting this project in particular?

In recent years, this project sponsor has developed from a small initiative into a professional NGO. It enjoys a high degree of trust among the Roma communities in more and more Belarusian regions. The implementation of the project is the only possibility for the EVZ Foundation - especially in times of pandemic and on account of the difficult political situation - to provide need-based and survival-oriented aid to the elderly Roma.

Project sponsor: Romano Drom
Duration of the project: 2021 - 2023
Funding amount: EUR 55,000
Funding country: Belarus

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Latcho Dives - Our mission is to keep the memory of Nazi injustice alive, to accept the responsibility that arises from it and to shape it for the future.

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About the Righteous

Attitudes towards the Jews during the Holocaust mostly ranged from indifference to hostility. The mainstream watched as their former neighbors were rounded up and killed; some collaborated with the perpetrators; many benefited from the expropriation of the Jews property. More...

The Righteous Database

Rescue stories, photos, information about the Righteous Among the Nations. More...

I Am My Brother's Keeper - A Tribute to the Righteous Among the Nations

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About the Righteous Attitudes towards the Jews during the Holocaust mostly ranged from indifference to hostility. The mainstream watched as their former neighbors were rounded up and killed; some collaborated with the perpetrators; many benefited from the expropriation of the Jews property. More... The Righteous Database Rescue stories, photos, information about the Righteous Among the Nations.

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(article in Serbian)

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Foto: Arhiv „Trsteničani"

Na dan 22. jun, davne 1898. godine u Beogradu rođen je jedan od najhrabrijih lekara Srbije - dr Sava Stanojević, koji je još kao 17-godišnjak, gimnazijalac, radio pri francuskoj vojno-lekarskoj misiji, prošao golgotu povlačenja u Prvom svetskom ratu, a u Drugom svetskom ratu, u Trsteniku spasao više od 300 svojih pacijenata romske nacionalnosti, pišu Novosti.

Medicinu je završio na Sorboni 1935. godne, gde je odbranio doktorsku tezu „Prilog proučavanja malarije u Kraljevini Srba, Hrvata i Slovenaca". Lečio je u Sarajevu, Drvaru, Dragačevu, Guči, Užicu, Smederevu i sve od 1931. do 1966. godine neumorno, u Trsteniku. Danas, Dom zdravlja u ovom gradu nosi njegovo ime, nimalo slučajno.

- U jesen 1915. godine povlači se sa srpskom vojskom i francuskom vojnom misijom, put Kosova i po bespućima Albanije - istraživao je svojevremeno dr Aleksandar Milićević 1998. godine, u svojoj knjizi „Dr Sava Stanojević - lekar, humanista, patriota". - Po zimi, snegu i bespuću s oskudnom obućom i odećom, neprekidnim marševima danju i noću, mučen glađu do iscrpljenosti i opšte nemoći, najzad stiže sa trojicom lekara u Skadar. Posle zarobljavanja italijanskog broda od strane Austrougara, zbog lažne izjave engleskog lekara da na brodu vlada kolera, brod biva pušten i oteran u Italiju, od luke do luke, koje ga nisu primale, pa se tako najzad obreo u Marselju.

Posle Marselja prešao je Stanojević na Korziku, a potom i u Nicu, gde je pohađao gimnaziju za srpsku decu. Stanojević je dobro upamtio „prevaru" engleskog lekara. Po sličnom receptu,samo pozivajući se na navodnu epidemiju pegavog tifusa, dr Sava je spasao 300 Roma sa periferije Trstenika, koje Nemci usled proglašenja zaraze, nisu smeli da deportuju.

- Nikad dr Sava ne reče da je umoran, „ne mogu i neću" - navodi Milićević. - Svi bolesni pregledani, sva deca u školama pregledana i vakcinisana. Odlazi u stan bolesnika u gradu i po selima, konjskim zapregama i pešice, bez obzira na vremenske prilike i doba dana ili noći.

U trsteničkom Domu zdravlja dr Sava Stanojević (1898-1982) od prošlog oktobra ima posebno spomen - obeležje - medaljon od bronze.

Doktor Sava u romskom naselju u Osaonici

- Nosimo ime po velikom humanisti, koji je žiteljima trsteničke opštine podario najplodotvornije godine svoje doktorske karijere - zapisano je u zvaničnom istorijatu DZ „Dr Sava Stanojević". - U znak sećanja na velikana našeg zdravstva i humanistu, trstenički Romi obeležavaju 14. oktobar, Dan spasavanja od nemačkih okupatora, kao Dan zahvalnosti.

Izvor:Novosti

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Doktor Sava Stojanović sprečio deportaciju više od 300 trsteničkih roma u nacističke logore - Rom Info Media

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Na dan 22. jun, davne 1898. godine u Beogradu rođen je jedan od najhrabrijih lekara Srbije - dr Sava Stanojević, koji je još kao 17-godišnjak, gimnazijalac, radio pri francuskoj vojno-lekarskoj misiji, prošao golgotu povlačenja u Prvom svetskom ratu, a u Drugom svetskom ratu, u Trsteniku spasao više od 300 svojih pacijenata romske nacionalnosti, pišu Novosti.

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Czech Republic

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The Phiren Amenca International Network

is a network of Roma and non-Roma volunteers and voluntary service organizations creating opportunities for non-formal education, dialogue and engagement, in order to challenge stereotypes and racism.

50 years ago, between 7 and 12 April 1971, in the village of Chelsfield near Orpington and London took place the First World Romani Congress funded in part by the World Council of Churches and the Government of India. It

March 16, 2021

Online Consultative Meeting in search of a cooperative approach among youth organisations and other stakeholders, 24-26 February 2021 Phiren Amenca participated in the Consultative meeting as an international organisation committed to challenge the discrimination of all people in society. We

March 3, 2021

How to include Roma youth in policy making and mainstream structures of power? This and other similar questions were discussed on 10 December 2020 during the Roma Youth Voices online event "The role and power of Roma Youth in mainstream

December 11, 2020

Council recommedation on Roma equality - Position of Phiren Amenca

The Council of the EU adopted a recommendation on Roma equality, inclusion and participation on March 2. 2021. What's in for Roma youth? Position of Phiren Amenca The long awaited by all recommendations for Roma equality, inclusion and participation were

March 17, 2021

Applying Intersectionality in the Youth Field

Online Consultative Meeting in search of a cooperative approach among youth organisations and other stakeholders, 24-26 February 2021 Phiren Amenca participated in the Consultative meeting as an international organisation committed to challenge the discrimination of all people in society. We

March 3, 2021

Roma Youth Voices

Volunteer Seminars

Volunteering for Roma Participation

This website uses cookies to improve your experience. We'll assume you're ok with this, but you can opt-out if you wish. Accept Read More

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is a network of Roma and non-Roma volunteers and voluntary service organizations creating opportunities for non-formal education, dialogue and engagement, in order to challenge stereotypes and racism. 50 years ago, between 7 and 12 April 1971, in the village of Chelsfield near Orpington and London took place the First World Romani Congress funded in part by the World Council of Churches and the Government of India.

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Factsheets on Romani History: General Introduction Fiches d'information sur l'histoire des Roms: Introduction générale Dokumentet faktike për historinë e romëve: Hyrje e përgjithshme Datenblätter zur Geschichte der Roma: Allgemeine Einführung Schede sulla storia dei Rom: Introduzione generale Fakturjenge lila pal i romani historia: Generalo introdukcija Fişe de informare despre istoria romilor: Introducere generala Informativna brošura o istoriji Roma: Opšti uvod Faktablad om romernas historia: Allmän inledning

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Education for Democratic Citizenship and Human Rights Education (EDC/HRE)

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Teaching the case law of the European Court of Human Rights

The publication "Freedom(s) - Learning activities for secondary schools on the case law of the European Court of Human Rights" (2015) presents 12 learning activities based on landmark decisions of the European Court of Human Rights. It aims to familiarise secondary school students with the key principles of European law related to human rights in order to help them understand how the European Court of Human Rights works. It also seeks to foster the role and responsibilities of the teacher as a key actor in ensuring the effective implementation of the principles of the European human rights system. ( more...)

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Publications - Education for Democratic Citizenship and Human Rights Education (EDC/HRE) - www.coe.int

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The publication "Freedom(s) - Learning activities for secondary schools on the case law of the European Court of Human Rights" (2015) presents 12 learning activities based on landmark decisions of the European Court of Human Rights.

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Roma Youth Participation - Recommendation adopted by the Committee of Ministers - Youth - www.coe.int

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This five days lasting training will gather 40 young Roma and non-Roma activists in order to strengthen their capacity as young advocates and leaders to tackle antigypsyism. During the seminar, the group will raise voices against antigypsyism targeting EU level actors, like Members of the European Parliament and European Commission.

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A methodological guide for educators and activists to organize an educational activity and exhibition on the topic of the Roma Holocaust. read the Museum of the Roma Holocaust

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HISTORY OF SINTI/ROMA EDUCATION MATERIAL

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HISTORY OF SINTI/ROMA EDUCATION MATERIAL

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https://www.coe.int/t/dg4/education/roma/default_en.asp#:~:text=positive%20experiences%2C%20etc.-,The%20project%20Education%20of%20Roma%20children%20began%20in%202002%20with,and%20make%20them%20more%20effective.

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https://youtu.be/HMioHd3CcRg?si=cTG6oE5wUwRzJcq0