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Make one short post answering the following quesions:

🌍 What ingredient(s) in the recipe reflect England’s participation in global trade or empire?

🧑‍🍳 What kind of labor or knowledge is assumed in this recipe? Who would be doing this work?

🎩 What does this recipe suggest about class, taste, or access to food in 17th-century England?

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From looking at the document it appears that they had a good variety of resources: Oven, Sugar, butter, Ginger, etc.

The recipe appears to provide small simple instructions to make gingerbread and little cakes.

This could've been a family recipe or a common recipe.

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1.The ingredients like ginger, caraway seeds, coriander seeds, and sugar reflect England’s participation in global trade. These were not native to England and were imported from Asia, the Middle East, or the Caribbean through colonial trade networks.

2.This recipe assumes knowledge of how to beat ginger, rub butter into flour, and work treacle into dough, which suggests experience in baking. The work would likely have been done by servants or cooks in a wealthy household, especially women trained in domestic tasks.

3.I think it's for the upper class, because the recipe use spices and large amount of sugar and butter.

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This recipe includes a lot of spices found in warmer climates, such as ginger, coriander, and sugar. Gingerbread required ingredients from all over the world, some of which (like sugar) required large amounts of labor that often came from plantations. England wasn't growing these ingredients: in order to make this recipe, the ingredients must be available for purchase from faraway regions. This recipe shows how England was importing raw goods from many different parts of the world.

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The different seeds being used reflect England's trade network that enabled them to get these various ingredients. Sugar, coriander seeds, and caraway seeds are all used. It would be assumed that whoever was cooking this knows how to mix ingredients and use an oven. This suggests that taste in higher class communities usually involved foreign spices and food. Poorer people likely did not have access to these foreign spices.

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It seems like to make traditional English gingerbread, requires the use of important goods like coriander (I think it was coriander) and seeds not locally grown, but traded from abroad. Moreover, this recipe looks simple enough for the common man or a family unit to be able to make this dish assuming they could afford the Ingredients. There aren’t too many contextual clues in regards to how valuable each of the ingredients are, but depending on how expensive each is would give us a better idea of which group of people in society would most likely make this dish.

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England’s participation in global trade was made obvious through the use of sugar in this recipe. Sugar was grown and exported out of the Caribbean (by slaves), and this is how it was readily available in England. I presume that this recipe is for the middle to upper classes, because imported spices and ingredients like ginger, seeds, and sugar were all on the expensive side of things.

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Many of the ingredients have traces in various places around the globe and are not native to England. This signifies England's participation in global trade.

The recipe assumes previous knowledge of cooking, such as preparation of ingredients, combining the ingredients, and a general understanding of baking.

The physical document on which the recipe is written is not ornate. This might suggest that it is a fairly common recipe and not reserved for the upper class.

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This recipe requires flour, ginger, caraway seeds, coriander seeds, sugar, and butter. Ginger and coriander seeds are both spices not native to England, originating in Southeast Asia and the Mediterranean respectively. These, alongside sugar, would have been imported or traded for.

It assumes that the reader will have some amount of knowledge of how to cook with these things, which might suggest that these imported goods were popular commodities.

Because this recipe is handwritten, rather than printed in a cookbook, one might assume that this is a family recipe, or someone's personal experimentation with a popular dish.

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A lot of the ingredients in the recipe are not native to England, which reflects their role played in trade, as they are importing a lot of spices. This recipe assumes that the person baking has experience using Ginger, which is not native to England. This makes me think that the person who is baking, has access to the resources to acquire ginger. I would guess that the person who is making this recipe is upper class or works for the upper class.