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Human Pathogen Project

Aaliyah Moody

7-16-25

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■Scientific Name is Gardnerella vaginalis

■Common Name: (commonly referred to by disease name: Bacterial Vaginosis but caused by a mix of bacteria)

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■Name of Disease: Bacterial Vaginosis (BV)

■Caused by the overgrowth of anaerobic bacterial, primarily G. vaginalis, in the vaginal microbiota.

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■Thin white or gray vaginal discharge

■Foul “fishy” odor, especially after intercourse

■Vaginal itching or irritation

■Burning sensation during urination (less common)

■Many individuals may be asymptomatic

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•Affects women of reproductive age (15- 44 years old)

•Higher risk: multiple sex partners, douching, new sexual partner

•Not classified strictly as an STD, but sexual activity is a risk factor.

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■Avoid douching

■Limit number of sexual partners

■Use condoms

■Routine gynecological check-ups

■Maintain good genital hygiene

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■Not a classic STD, but bacterial imbalances often triggered by sexual activity.

■Not spread through toilet seats, swimming pools, or bedding.

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■Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) is a common infection caused by disruption in normal vaginal flora, where harmful bacteria outnumber beneficial Lactobacillus species.

■Gardnerella vaginalis is the primary pathogen.

■It often leads to symptoms such as a thin, gray or white vaginal discharge with a strong fishy odor, though some individuals may be asymptomatic.

■Though not always symptomatic, BV can lead to serious complications.

■BV is not a sexually transmitted infection but is more common in sexually active women and can be triggered by factors like douching or new sexual partners.

■Diagnosis is typically made through a pelvic exam, vaginal pH testing, and microscopic analysis of discharge.

■It’s treatable and preventable with proper hygiene and medical care.

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•Metronidazole (oral or vaginal gel)

•Clindamycin cream

•(Avoid alcohol with metronidazole)

•BV often resolves with treatment, but recurrence is common.

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•There's an increased risk factor of contracting STIs including HIV.

•Can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).

•Pregnancy complications: preterm birth, low birth weight