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The IR (Industrial Revolution) started in 1760 and ended in 1840. The IR was the process of developing from an agricultural and handicraft economy to a modern industry with machinery. Transportation is my chosen topic of interest. Before the IR, transportation depended animals (like horses pulling a cart) and boats. There was a gigantic time lag in nearly everything that took place as it took weeks or sometimes months to send a letter or pass information. It took months to send packages or goods across the country. Since then, transport has been a big issue in the IR. Scientists and economists agree that any industrialising society has to have a good and effective form of transport network.

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Of all the advances of the transportation revolution, the production of railroads was most important. Railroads transported for short distances, but the plan of a railway started interest. Inventors and engineers wanted to be able to develop a railroad that can be used to carry passengers and goods long distances. The railroad was first developed in Great Britain by a fellow named George Stephenson in 1875. Once their foundation was done and beginning problems were solved, the railways reduced the cost of moving many types of goods. Railroads enhanced a more considerable production, exciting other heavy labors such as iron and steel produce. Railways had a major impact on farming and perishable goods such as dairy, etc. products could now be moved long distances before they were inedible. The standard of living rose as a result.

References
Weebly First Industrial Revolution
https://firstindustrialrevolution.weebly.com/transportation-revolution.html

Ducksters
https://www.ducksters.com/history/us_1800s/transportation_industrial_revolution.php

History extra
https://www.historyextra.com/period/victorian/where-history-happened-the-birth-of-the-railways/

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The steamboat invention was very significant as there wasn't an effective mode of transport on water. The first successful steamboat was the Clearmont, it was invented in 1807 by an American inventor Robert Fulton. The invention of the steamboat led to an influence on canals and faster transportation on water such as shipping goods, etc. This caused a significant boost in the IR's transportation system. Steamboats were instantly used to transport the public and goods all through the country. The steamboat was invented because there was need for more effective river transportation. Steamboats use  steam power to travel upstream by burning coal in a large metal boiler to heat water, creating steam, hence the name ‘steamboat.‘

References
Wonderopolis
https://wonderopolis.org/wonder/what-is-a-steamboat

Library of congress
https://www.loc.gov/resource/det.4a16095/

Britannica
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Clermont-steamboat

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Even with steamboats and railroads, the public still needed a better way to travel between waterways and train stations. Before the IR, roads were frequently poorly maintained soil roads. However, during the IR, the government became more involved in construction and maintaining good quality roads. Two Scottish engineers, Thomas Telford and Jhon Louden Mcadam are credited with the first modern roads in the 1800’s. Roads were invented for easier transport on land and in towns. Roads were so significant in the IR that in the 1800’s stage coaches became so frequent they had their own schedule, and vehicles themselves were improved with a better suspension. Overall, the strike of roads made travelling and delivering goods more simple and speedy. With the quality of roads improving, a greater amount could be transported faster, more goods were being delivered faster and in bigger quantities. This rose the quality of transport in the Industrial Revolution.

References:
Thought.co
https://www.thoughtco.com/development-of-roads-the-industrial-revolution-1221647#:~:text=With%20the%20quality%20of%20roads,were%20improved%20with%20better%20suspension.

Highway history
https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/infrastructure/back0506.cfm#:~:text=Two%20other%20Scottish%20engineers%2C%20Thomas,center%20for%20easy%20water%20drainage

Cambridge dictionary
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/road

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Primary Source 1 - The clearmont Steamboat

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Primary Source 1 - The clearmont Steamboat

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This photo of the Clearmont Steamboat was taken in 1909, by Robert Fulton. This boat was the first successful Steamboat made, in this photo, it is being used to travel passengers across the water. This photo is highly significant as it shows how transportation in the IR evolved and improved. This photo is still significant as it gives us more knowledge and understanding of how life was back in the IR. This photograph also shows how boats are being improved and how machinery was different back in the IR.

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Boats and boating--Equipment and supplies

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This illustration was made by Carl Rakeman, in 1823. This shows the macadam process to make smooth and high-quality roads. This illustration is just as significant as the Clermont Steamboat photo as this also shows us how transportation evolved and improved. This also shows us how they made the roads and different methods. This is important to know as it gives us more accurate and understanding on life in the IR and their transportation networks.

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This photo was taken in Paddington, 1802. This photo shows a steam train at its station waiting for the passengers to board. This image is significant as it shows how people traveled around in the IR. This also shows the history of train/railroad transport and how it has evolved. To this day things like this are important as the more knowledge we know about the past the more accurate. This photo signifies how machinery was back in the IR and how it is much different from the modern worlds.