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In prison there are certain rules that are set to try keep peace and safety of both prisoners and prison guards.

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When the prison rules are broken the prisoner will be put

on report. This means a prison officer will tell them

that they think they have committed an offence and

what offence they think the prisoner has committed.

They should tell them straight away, or within 48 hours.
The prisoner must go to a hearing, also called an adjudication. This is where the prisoner and prison staff talk about the offence and what they all think happened. The hearing will be run either by the governor or by someone from outside the prison called an independent adjudicator. At the hearing, the prisoner has to say whether they are guilty or not guilty of the

offence. The governor or the independent adjudicator will decide if they are guilty or not guilty of the offence. They will do this after listening to them and other people who

know about what happened.
If they are found guilty, they will be given a punishment. If they are found not guilty, nothing more will happen

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Not doing what prison staff tell you to do

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Not doing what prison staff tell you to do

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If you are asked to do work and you do not do it properly or at all.

Not following an order or a rule that you

should follow.

Breaking any of the prison rules or try to help someone else to.

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Being in a place in the prison you should not be

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Being in a place in the prison you should not be

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Leaving a place you should be in.

Going to a place you should not go to.

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Having something you should not have. For example, a mobile phone, a knife or drugs.

Having more of something than you are allowed to have.

Accepting something you are not allowed to have

from someone who visits you.

Selling or give something to a person that you are not allowed to have.

Selling or giving a person something only you can have.

Taking or stealing anything that is not yours from another person or from the prison.

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Causing damage to the prison or young offender institution

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Causing damage to the prison or young offender institution

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If you set fire to any part of the building or anything in it.

If you damage or destroy any part of the building or anything in it that is not yours.

If you put up anything on the walls or write or draw anything that could upset, threaten or frighten anyone.

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If you are ordered to have your urine tested and it shows you have taken any drug you are not allowed to take, even if you have taken it while you were out of prison for a short time.

If you choose to drink alcohol or are found to be drunk after drinking alcohol.

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If you escape from prison or custody. For example, if you run

away from an escort.

If you do not come back when you have been allowed out of prison for a short time which is is called absconding.

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Stopping prison staff from doing their jobs

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Stopping prison staff from doing their jobs

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Stopping anyone who works in the prison from getting where they need to go in the prison. For example by building a barricade to stop someone coming into your cell.

If you stop anyone who works at the prison from doing their job.

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Behaving in away that could offend, threaten or hurt others

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Behaving in away that could offend, threaten or hurt others

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Offending or hitting anyone or getting into a fight with anyone.

Offending anyone or hitting them because of their race

Saying anything or doing anything that could upset, threaten or frighten anyone else

Keeping someone away from other people, if they do not want this. For example, if you lock them up somewhere.

Behaving in a way that could put someone else in

danger or damage their health.

Being rude to anyone who works at the prison or young offender institution or anyone who is visiting there.

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All prisons have a requirement to provide at least three levels of regimes; basic, standard and enhanced. Standard is the privilege level that prisoners start on when placed into custody. The levels can be earned or lost depending on the behaviour of the inmates, the demotion to a lower level is a consequence of a decrease in behaviour or refusing to engage in the interventions that are designed to reduce the risks of reoffenders.

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Prisons have to hold searches as a form of security to protect everyone involved and there is many types of searches depending on the situation.

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Cell searches are a type of search within a prison which allows officers to search an inmates cell, however the inmate has to be told their cell is being searched and then also present for the search unless they have information there is anything that is unauthorized and if anything is found it is recorded and then give the inmate a charge for the possession.

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Intimate searches can be conducted by police officers of the body in certain circumstances however, prison officers do not have the legal authority to conduct an intimate search, which is defined as intrusion into a bodily orifice, i.e. the mouth, anus or vagina.  Prisoners who have hidden anything unauthorized internally may have clinical needs which require a healthcare professional to conduct an intimate examination on medical grounds. These must only be carried out with the prisoner’s consent.

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Full body searches are searches where the inmate is required to remove their clothing one half at a time and at no point should they be completely naked. This search should also be carried out by two officers of the same sex as who ever is being searched and in an area that is not able for others to view. In the searches hand held metal detectors are also used during a full search for both men and women.

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Rub down searches are similar to full body searches however in a rub down the inmate remains fully clothed and is a quick search. Type A include a few extra checks such as in the shoes, hair, ears, mouth or nose where as they do not check these areas in a Type B rub down search

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Prisons are sorted into 4 categories listed A-D each have a different level of security.

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Category A prisons have the maximum amount of security and the inmates have the most threat to the public and national security if they were to escape. Those who committed crimes such as attempted murder, manslaughter, rape and other highly serious crimes.

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Category B prisons are local or training prisons which means that prisoners sentenced in the local court would go to a category B prison this is also where new officers are trained and hold those who committed crimes such as violence or threat to life, arson, drugs, sexual offences or robbery.

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Category C prisons are for those who can not be trusted in open conditions but will not attempt to escape. This security is for those have committed violence, arson, drug dealing or sex related crimes.

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Category D is the final category of the prisons and they are open prisons where the inmates are released during the day in order to go get a job, education, see family or friends and become reintegrated into society. This is given to inmates that have been risked assessed and are suitable for the open conditions or if it was the inmates first offence and was charged with a non violent or a drug related crime then they will also be placed into a category D open prison.

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Physical security is to prevent any inmates from escaping by physical protection such as CCTV, locked cell doors, alarms, fences and gates and even the officers patrolling around is a form of physical security. Physical security is very important in a prison to stop inmates from escaping the prison and protecting civilization.

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Security is important in custodial environments as its to protect all individuals involved including the staff, inmates and those on the outside. Security can be physical, dynamic or procedural.

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Secure perimeters are needed in prisons to prevent unauthorized access to the facility and to keep inmates from escaping.

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Dynamic security is the relationship between the officers and the inmates which includes the officer checking in on the inmate to see how they are and allowing them out of their cells, this type of security creates a reduced risk of the inmates escaping as at the end of the day there is a headcount to check all inmates have returned. By the officer and inmate having this dynamic it allows respect and also increases mental health positively as both sides have someone to talk to.

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Procedural security is a routine of checks that is followed which helps manage inmates and protects anyone from any dangers. By doing these checks it can highlight any issues or risks with any inmates causing harm or attempting to escape.