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Brexit is something that has massively impacted the UK travel and tourism industry and this is shown in multiple ways. Brexit happened after a referendum to leave the EU in 2016 this was won by the side who wanted to leave at 51% to 49% and after 4 years we left in 2020 finalising our departure in December. This has impacted travellers in different ways including - Length of stay restrictions, by this I mean that if you want to stay for longer than 90 days in any EU countries you will need to puchase a visa and these are for different situations for example if you are working abroad then you will need a working visa. Another impact this has had on the UK tourism industry is that the UK tourists cannot use the EU fast track and this will also mean that they will take longer in the immigration queues as UK travelers require a stamp in their passsport. From 2023 all British travellers will need to register online and pay in advance for an EITIAS visa which is £7 for a 3 year permit. Another impact for British travellers is that they will now have to pay for data roaming which is something that was used by default in EU countries however now because of Brexit they must pay for this.

https://www.etias.us/will-brexit-affect-tourism/

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Brexit was voted in 2016 but there are still many questions that both UK and foreign citizens have regarding its impact on international tourism. Immigration and visa policies may change and this may affect tourist numbers.

Since Brexit negotiations are still ongoing, there may be a number of consequences that are unforeseeable at the moment. What's clear is that at the moment, American citizens are able to travel visa-free to the Schengen area but that starting from November 2023, they will need to apply for and obtain an ETIAS visa waiver before entering the Schengen territory. The UK may implement its own form of ETIAS, or allow ETIAS holders to cross its borders without further documents.

On this page, you will find a series of likely scenarios that may become a reality once Brexit negotiations are finalized. The article will look at how UK tourism may change as well as at some possible visa and travel permit options for Great Britain, and the ways in which American citizens may be affected.

How Will Brexit Affect Tourism in the UK?

It's hard to predict exactly if and how Brexit will change UK tourism. Britain officially left the EU in February 2020, with a transition agreement with the EU until 2021.

The way in which the future agreement between the EU and UK may shape the UK tourism industry doesn't only depend on the potentially increased difficulty in getting a visa for the Kingdom but also on other factors, such as the effect tougher immigration laws will have on the workforce.

Loss of Tourism Volume for the UK

Almost 70% of foreigners traveling to the UK for tourism currently come from the EU. A great number of nationalities (including Americans) can also enjoy freedom of movement within the Schengen area because of agreements with the EU.

Now that the UK has left the EU, this is likely to change. EU citizens and other foreign travelers may have to apply for a visa or go through more extensive document checks at the border in order to enter the Kingdom. This may temporarily discourage travelers and provoke a fall in tourism numbers.

UK Tourism Workers and Brexit

Many Brexit supporters wish to see more severe immigration rules for Great Britain. Until now, EU workers have enjoyed freedom of movement to the UK, meaning that they don't have to apply for a working visa in order to relocate and start a job in the country.

Because of their professional profile and language skills, foreign workers are sought after by the tourism industry - from tour operators to airports and hospitality. Brexit may affect thousands of workers that are hired for seasonal or permanent positions in the tourism sector.

After Brexit, not only may they have to go through long bureaucratic procedures in order to earn money in the UK, but local tourism businesses may have to incur in costs relative to hiring foreign staff. This may be impossible to sustain for small companies that may experience understaffing and the inability to offer the same quality of service as they did before Brexit.

EU Funding for UK Tourism Will Dry Out

Like many other EU member countries, the UK currently benefits from a number of EU funding programs for the cultural and tourism sector. These amount to as much as €57 million.

This money and other EU financing programs indirectly supporting the tourism industry (like funding schemes for infrastructure) would dry up quickly in the case of a harsh Brexit deal. The British government would then have to find a way to cover the financial loss.

How Will Brexit Affect European Tourism?

If EU citizens make up a great part of UK tourism, the opposite is also true. Brits travel to EU countries in great numbers - as many as 59 million UK tourists visit the EU every year and Brits are on top of the list of foreign travelers for popular destinations like Spain.

Countries currently enjoying a great and regular flow of British tourists (such as Spain, Italy, and France) look at the potential outcome of a hard Brexit with worry.

There is a chance that British citizens may still travel visa-free after Brexit, should the government reach an agreement with the EU authorities. It is also possible that UK travelers will have to apply for ETIAS program like other third-country nationals. In that case, Brits will be able to stay within the Schengen territory for up to 90 days at a time within a 180-day period visa-free.

There may also be healthcare consequences to a hard Brexit. Currently, EU citizens enjoy free healthcare across member states - therefore, health insurance is not a requirement for traveling within the EU territory.

But in case of a no-deal Brexit, UK citizens will lose their right to a European healthcare card. This means that they will need to purchase medical insurance coverage before traveling.

What Does Brexit Mean for U.S. Travelers?

In 2017, almost 4 million Americans visited the UK. Many included the United Kingdom in a greater European holiday itinerary and took advantage of their visa-free status to visit more than one UE country.

American travelers may be affected by Brexit in several ways. For a start, plane fares between the UK and the EU may become more expensive and several routes may be canceled or reduced. Since no deal has been finalized, it's impossible to tell at this moment how dramatic the changes will be and whether there will be security checks for onward passengers from the UK to the EU area.

What's certain is that, American citizens will need to comply with ETIAS entry requirements in order to access the Schengen territory. This is likely to come into effect in November 2023. In the best-case scenario, nothing will change and the same ETIAS permit will allow U.S. travelers to move freely between the United Kingdom and mainland Europe. But it may also be possible that the UK decides to implement their own form of ETIAS or even require third-country nationals to obtain a tourist visa (although this is the most unlikely option at the moment).

Will Brexit Affect Travel to Ireland?

In the case of Brexit, the border between the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland (which is part of the United Kingdom) would become an external 'hard' border between an EU and a non-EU country. This is because while the UK has voted to leave the EU, the Republic of Ireland remains an EU member state.

At the moment, crossing the border is fairly easy and doesn't take much time or security checks. Should the border harden, tourists would face more security screening, paperwork, and ID checks.

There's still no clear picture and it's not sure whether this will happen or to what extent. American tourists wishing to cross the Irish border in the future should keep in mind that:

Visas and permits for one jurisdiction may not be automatically valid for the other

As it's already the case, there will continue to be two different currencies in Ireland (the Euro and the Pound Sterling)

The two countries use two different systems of measurement (kilometers and miles for Ireland and the United Kingdom respectively)

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How Will Brexit Affect Tourism? | ETIAS.us

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Brexit was voted in 2016 but there are still many questions that both UK and foreign citizens have regarding its impact on international tourism. Immigration and visa policies may change and this may affect tourist numbers. Since Brexit negotiations are still ongoing, there may be a number of consequences that are unforeseeable at the moment.

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The cost of Living Crisis is something that is massively effecting the travel and tourism industry because if people cannot afford heating then it is unlikely that they will be able to afford luxuries such as holidays. The cost of living crisis has been caused by inflation hitting its highest level in over 40 years, this has led to the prices of essentials becoming and more expensive such as petrol, food, clothing and heating etc. Due to this people have less disposable income which cannot go into luxuries such as holidays, the price of holidays to European destinations has risen a lot and is expected to rise more in 2023 due to travel companies facing the cost of energy cost rising across all of Europe. The GBP has dropped drastically in value when you compare it to other currencies such as the USD or AUD which has made travel to the UK from visitors overseas much cheaper however it is more expensive for UK residents to travel overseas, this has also led to an increase in the fuel that airlines purchase because aviation fuel is purchased in USD which as of writing is £1 to $1.24 making the overall cost of fuel more expensive therefore increasing the prices that airlines will be charging. The price of domestic energy bills has also increased over the past year almost doubling the previous price for the average household bill which has in turn impacted all businesses in the UK such as those in the hospitality sector increasing the prices that they are charging as well which will also be making customers pay more due to them putting the prices up to balance out their costs to their income.

https://www.channel4.com/news/uk-inflation-hits-45-year-high-as-cost-of-living-soars#:~:text=The%20cost%20of%20basic%20food,annual%20inflation%20rate%20above%2011%25.

https://www.somersetlive.co.uk/news/uk-world-news/european-holiday-prices-rise-2023-7987286

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The cost of basic food items from eggs to milk and cheese is soaring and, on top of rapidly rising energy bills, it's sent the UK's annual inflation rate above 11%.

According to the Office of National Statistics, households are paying 90% more for domestic fuels like gas and electricity than they were a year ago.

While food price inflation has shot up to a forty five year high.

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UK inflation hits 45-year high - as cost of living soars

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The cost of basic food items from eggs to milk and cheese is soaring and, on top of rapidly rising energy bills, it's sent the UK's annual inflation rate above 11%. According to the Office of National Statistics, households are paying 90% more for domestic fuels like gas and electricity than they were a year ago.

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Social - How has changing lifestyles impacted on Travel and Tourism?

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Social - How has changing lifestyles impacted on Travel and Tourism?

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In the many years since tourism was popularised lifestyles have changed a dramatically. Cruises used to be something that were mostly used by the grey market as they had a lot of free time and retirement money which meant that a lot of the cruises advertised were aimed towards the older market such as the cruise provider "Holland America" who have a very good reputation for catering towards the elderly passengers with a focus on the classy experience that they are wanting, however in recent years the cruise industry has seen a shift with younger passengers and families going on them more than every before which is something that has made them more popular and is why the cruise industry is currently booming. Another big lifestyle change travel companies have noticed is that younger people are spending more time at home and less time out which is allowing them to save more disposable income so that they can spend it on holidays allowing some to spend more and get luxury holidays they may not have been able to afford before. Another big lifestyle change in the tourism industry is that due to COVID-19 and the COVID lockdowns the urge to travel and do bucket list items has skyrocketed due to a trend known as "Revenge Tourism" where travellers will go and complete the items on their bucket list so that if we have another big pandemic they won't have to wish that they had done something they wanted to, this has also increased due to the notion of only having one life so live it becoming more popular and persuading potential travellers to go on these holidays they've been wanting to go on.

https://www.hollandamerica.com/en_US/find-a-cruise.html?xid=HPAD16112022191292&WT.mc_id=PPC_HQ_Google_UK&WT.srch=1&gclid=CjwKCAiA5sieBhBnEiwAR9oh2rubcvmoG6XSeo5zFSS_W6z9gbLsaMTCeg8yWR20iZsPSWkqhwEW7xoCbMEQAvD_BwE&gclsrc=aw.ds#%7B!tag=destinationTag%7DdestinationIds=&%7B!tag=departTag%7DdepartDate=2022-12-01T00:00:00Z,2024-04-01T00:00:00Z&%7B!tag=durationTag%7Dduration=&%7B!tag=embarkTag%7DembarkPortCode=&%7B!tag=portsTag%7DportsOfCall=&%7B!tag=shipsTag%7DshipId=&%7B!tag=regionTag%7Dregions=&%7B!tag=cruisetypeTag%7DcruiseType=&soldOut=false&sort=&group.sort=&start=0&fareType=fare_GBP_anonymous:(N1*)

https://tourismteacher.com/revenge-tourism/

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Find a Cruise - Search the Best Cruises for 2023 and 2024

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Find the perfect cruise in 2022 & 2023 that is right for you and experience the journey of a lifetime when you cruise with Holland America Line.

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Legal - How do laws and regulations impact the Travel and Tourism Industry?

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Legal - How do laws and regulations impact the Travel and Tourism Industry?

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The law has changed a lot since travel and tourism was popularised. Travel companies must follow the laws in every country they operate in this means that since some countries has stricter rules than others when it comes to health and safety whereas some have much looser restrictions/rules this means that travel and tourism businesses must operate with varying levels of restrictions in order to comply with the different rules in each country, different countries will also have rules regarding employment rights as well as consumer protection because of this all businesses travel related or not must follow the rules for example up until 2022 Saudi Arabia refused to hire female cabin crew this also meant that female cabin crew from the UK wouldn't have been able to work on an airline going into Saudi Arabia. Another legal change would be the rise in minimum wage which has made labour costs more expensive as it costs more to employ people which can affect all businesses but can be especially difficult for smaller businesses who may not be able to afford to keep staff thus leading to an increase in unemployment. The final law change that I will discuss that has affected the travel and tourism industry is the sugar tax, this means that companies who purchase soft drinks that contain now have to pay an extra tax on the drink due to the sugar inside it and because of this the business selling the drink to the customer will now put the price up on that drink which the customer will have to pay more for, this can lead to customers avoiding the venue in future due to them having to pay extra for the sugary drink.

https://www.gov.uk/government/news/soft-drinks-industry-levy-comes-into-effect

https://www.paddleyourownkanoo.com/2022/02/22/saudi-arabian-airline-will-recruit-local-women-as-flight-attendants-as-strict-gender-rules-are-eased/#:~:text=Saudi%20Arabian%20Airlines%20will%20start,Crown%20Prince%20Mohammed%20bin%20Salman

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Saudi Arabian Airline Will Recruit Local Women as Flight Attendants as Strict Gender Rules Are Eased

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Saudi Arabian Airlines will start recruiting local female cabin crew for the first time in its more than 76 year history as the Gulf State starts to embrace a more moderate version of Islam under the leadership of the reformist Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman. The airline, which is sometimes simply…

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Technological - How has Technology impacted The Travel and Tourism Industry?

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Technological - How has Technology impacted The Travel and Tourism Industry?

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Technology has changed a lot since tourism became more popular. By this I mean that there have been numerous technical advancements that have revolutionised not only the travel and tourism sectors but the world however I am focusing on the advancements made in the tourism, travel and hospitality sectors. The first advancement I am going to discuss is that customers are now able to and expect to be able to order their food and drinks straight from the table with no need to go up to the bar or call over a waiter, this has allowed customers to go in to a restaurant and order thier food without having to interract with anyone, while this is more convienent for some customers it is making customers more antisocial with some getting annoyed if they have to speak to a waiter to order their food. Another advancement I am going to discuss is the change in holiday booking procedures, by this I mean that most holidays (80%) are booked online rather than in physical travel agency locations. This has changed because it is more convenient for the customer which means that most customers are choosing this over the other available options, physical travel agents are now mostly used by the grey market as younger travellers are not using them over the online equivalent. Due to this the footfall in physical locations have been reduced a lot causing many to downsize and let go of staff or even closing down, this is not good for the industry as physical locations are very important for all different customer types.

https://travelweekly.co.uk/articles/41280/80-booking-holidays-online-finds-study

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80% booking holidays online, finds study | Travel Weekly

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As many as eight out of ten people now book their holiday via the internet, a study out today (Friday) claims.

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Environmental - How has the environment impacted on The Travel and Tourism Industry?

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Environmental - How has the environment impacted on The Travel and Tourism Industry?

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The environment is a very hot topic within the travel and tourism industry and this is due to the increasing pressure on travel related organisations to become more environmentally sustainable due to the increasing risks of climate change. This has led the majority of travel businesses to creating a sustainability policy/strategy which can be found on company websites such as TUI or Kuoni. Tourists have also become more environmentally sustainable and this is reflected in the increase in eco-tourism where customers will choose to book with companies who are playing their part in reducing the harm on the environment, they will also book in ecolodges and do activities to help the local community of the destination they visit, eco-tourism is at an ever growing rate of 5% per year and doesn't seem to be slowing down much even with the cost of living crisis making it more expensive for customers to travel. The final environmental factor that is impacting the travel and tourism industry is that there is also pressure on the airline industry for them to reduce their reliance on fossil fuels such as kerosene and for them to produce and swap to more renewable fuels so that they can hit net zero for thier emmissions as ICAO have set all alrines a target to hit net zero by 2050.

https://www.tuigroup.com/en-en/responsibility/sustainability/strategy
https://www.kuoni.co.uk/responsible-travel

https://www.talktoroscoe.com/blog/2020/12/21/the-rise-of-ecotourism-and-sustainable-travel

https://www.icao.int/Newsroom/Pages/ICAO-welcomes-new-netzero-2050-air-industry-commitment.aspx

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Our Sustainability Agenda builds on tourism as a force for good. Together with our partners we strive to continue to positively contribute to local communities, reduce our environmental footprint and create more sustainable holiday choices.

TUI's Sustainability Agenda is the next chapter in TUI's sustainability journey in the right direction. Our ambition is to continue to lead the industry and actively shape a more sustainable future for tourism in all three dimensions of sustainability - social, environmental and economic. We will use our scale and influence for the sustainable transformation of the tourism industry.

Our Agenda consists of three building blocks to drive the sustainable business transformation, to empower 'People' to drive development, reduce TUI's environmental footprint on the 'Planet' and partner with others to 'Progress' the transformation of our industry.
People - Empower to drive development
Tourism is the main force for development and prosperity in many parts of the world. It creates employment, provides education and drives up social and environmental standards. We will ensure that local people and communities benefit from tourism and the local supply chain. We will empower a generation of changemakers by helping them acquire the new skills and knowledge they need to transform the tourism industry.
Planet - Reduce our footprint
We are working to reduce the environmental footprint of holidays and drive-up environmental standards in our industry. We will achieve net-zero emissions across our operations and supply chain by 2050 at the latest and significantly reduce our environmental footprint in the areas of water, energy and waste. To protect our planet, we will change the way we use natural resources and become a circular business.
Progress - Accelerate the transformation
We aim to use our scale to increase the positive social and environmental impact of every holiday experience we offer. We strive to become sustainability leaders in all that we do. Together with our partners we will co-create the next generation sustainable business model for the tourism industry. We will enable our customers to make sustainable holiday choices in every stage of the customer journey.

More details will be presented in early 2023.

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Our Sustainability Agenda builds on tourism as a force for good. Together with our partners we strive to continue to positively contribute to local communities, reduce our environmental footprint and create more sustainable holiday choices. TUI's Sustainability Agenda is the next chapter in TUI'...