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-The U.S is the #1 country that surpasses guns over human population

-There are 120 guns for every 100 Americans

-2021: FBI reports that the U.S experienced 61 'active shooter' incidents, 52 % higher than 2020

-The Uvalde Elementary School shooting caused Pres. Biden to Pressure Congress to develop stricter and more restating gun laws in order to reduce violence

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Why US is only country where there are more guns than people

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United States is the only nation in the world where civilian guns outnumber people with 120 guns for every 100 Americans

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-2019-20, a confirmed 25 school-associated deaths have occurred(23 homicides/1 suicide)

-2000-21, a total of 276 victims were killed and wounded in active shootings in elementary/secondary schools

-2021-22, a total of 188 school shootings

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Preprimary, Elementary, and Secondary Education

Violent Deaths at School and Away From School, School Shootings, and Active Shooter Incidents

This indicator also appears under School Crime and Safety.

In 2019-20, there were a total of 25 school-associated violent deaths in the United States, which included 23 homicides and 1 suicide. Of these 25 school-associated violent deaths, 11 homicides and 1 suicide were of school-age youth (ages 5-18). From 2000 to 2021, there were 276 casualties (108 killed and 168 wounded) in active shooter incidents at elementary and secondary schools and 157 casualties (75 killed and 82 wounded) in active shooter incidents at postsecondary institutions.

Violent deaths and shootings at schools are tragic events with potentially far-reaching effects on the school population and surrounding community. This indicator presents data from multiple sources, each of which collects information based on different definitions of the incidents of interest and highlights different dimensions of school safety. First, this indicator presents data on school-associated violent deaths from the School-Associated Violent Death Surveillance System (SAVD-SS). For context, these data are compared with total homicides and suicides of youth ages 5-18 from the National Vital Statistics System. Next, this indicator turns its focus to shooting incidents. It examines data on school shootings, broadly defined, from the School Shooting Safety Compendium (SSSC) from the Center for Homeland Defense and Security (CHDS) before turning to a narrower measure of active shooter incidents from the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). Data from SAVD-SS and the SSSC cover elementary and secondary education only, while the FBI active shooter data also cover postsecondary education.

Data for each of these three sources on school-associated violent deaths and shootings rely, at least in part, on open-source data, such as media reporting. As a result, the completeness of these data is subject to the comprehensiveness of these public sources, which may vary over time or by type of incident. For instance, media reporting may be more extensive for incidents that are more deadly or unusual or otherwise perceived to be of greater public interest. However, this variance is unknown. Readers should bear this in mind when evaluating findings and making comparisons throughout this indicator.

Data from these sources also cover different periods: the most recent data from SAVD-SS are for 2019-20, the most recent data from the SSSC are for 2020-21, and the most recent data from the FBI are for 2021. Beginning around 2000, these data show no consistent trend in the number of school-associated violent deaths or in the number of FBI active shooter incidents in educational environments. However, the SSSC data show an increase in the number of school shootings. Details are discussed below.

Select a subgroup characteristic from the drop-down menu below to view relevant text and figures.

School-Associated Violent Deaths

The SAVD-SS defines a school-associated violent death as "a homicide, suicide, or legal intervention death (involving a law enforcement officer) in which the fatal injury occurred on the campus of a functioning elementary or secondary school in the United States." School-associated violent deaths also include those that were documented to have occurred while the victim was on the way to or from regular sessions at school or while the victim was attending or traveling to or from an official school-sponsored event. School-associated violent deaths include not only students and staff members but also others at school, such as students' parents and community members.

Figure 1. Number of student, staff, and other nonstudent school-associated violent deaths and number of homicides and suicides of youth ages 5-18 at school: School years 1992-93 through 2019-20

The most recent data released by the SAVD-SS cover the period from July 1, 2019, through June 30, 2020, which includes the first spring of the coronavirus pandemic, when many students were learning remotely. During this period, a total of 25 school-associated violent deaths were documented in the United States. Of these 25 deaths, 12 (11 homicides and 1 suicide) involved school-age youth (in this indicator, "youth" refers to students ages 5-18). Considering all persons, there were 23 homicides, 1 suicide, and 1 legal intervention death (not shown in the figure). Between 1992-93 (when data collection began) and 2019-20, the number of school-associated violent deaths of all persons ranged from 25 (in 2019-20) to 63 (in 2006-07). [Time series ]

During the 2019-20 school year, a total of 1,855 youth homicides (that is, homicides where a youth was the victim) and 2,047 youth suicides were documented, including both those at school and those away from school.

The percentage of youth homicides documented as occurring at school was generally around 1 percent of the total number of youth homicides each year between 1992-93 and 2019-20, even though the number of youth homicides at school varied across the years, ranging from 10 to 35. The percentage of youth homicides being documented in schools was highest in 2011-12 (2.4 percent). Between 1992-93 and 2019-20, the number of youth who died by suicide at school each year ranged from 1 to 10. The percentage of youth suicides documented as occurring at school remained at less than 1 percent of the total number of youth suicides each year during this period. In the 2019-20 school year-during which in-person schooling was disrupted by the pandemic-the percentages of youth homicides and youth suicides that were documented as occurring at school were lower than in any other year throughout the period. [Time series ]

The SSSC aims to compile information on elementary/secondary school shootings from publicly available sources into a single comprehensive database. The SSSC defines "school shootings" as incidents in which "a gun is brandished, is fired, or a bullet hits school property for any reason, regardless of the number of victims, time of day, or day of week." During the coronavirus pandemic, this definition includes shootings that happen on school property during remote instruction.

Figure 2. Number of school shootings with casualties at public and private elementary and secondary schools: School years 2000-01 through 2021-22

In 2021-22, a total of 327 documented school shootings occurred at public and private elementary and secondary schools, including

188 school shootings with casualties; and

139 school shootings without casualties (not shown in the figure).

Between 2000-01 and 2020-21, the number of school shootings with casualties ranged from 11 to 93 per year. On average, the number of shootings with casualties in a given year differed from the prior year by about 47 percent in either direction, with no consistent trend throughout the period. In 2021-22, the number of school shootings with casualties (188) was more than twice as high as the next highest number of documented shootings (93), which was documented the year before in 2020-21. The same was true of shootings without casualties: more than twice as many were documented in 2021-22 (139) than in 2020-21, the year of the next highest number of documented shootings (53). Because the numbers of school shootings in 2021-22 are outliers compared to prior years, readers should interpret these data with caution. [Time series ]

In 2021-22, of the 188 school shootings with casualties, there were

57 school shootings with deaths; and

131 school shootings with injuries only.

Data are also available on the type of situation associated with school shootings (including those with and without casualties). In 2021-22, the most commonly known situations associated with school shootings included the following:

escalation of dispute (92 incidents; 28 percent of all school shootings)

drive-by (39 incidents; 12 percent)

illegal activity (30 incidents; 9 percent)

accidental firing of a weapon (17 incidents; 5 percent)

intentional property damage (16 incidents; 5 percent)

For about one-third (33 percent) of school shootings in 2021-22 (107 incidents), the situation associated with the shooting was unknown.
Active Shooter Incidents in Educational Settings

In 2014, the FBI released the first in a series of reports that cover active shooter incidents in the United States, following the signing of the Investigative Assistance for Violent Crimes Act of 2012. These reports cover active shooter incidents in all types of settings, but this indicator focuses on those that were documented as occurring in educational settings. Educational settings were the second most common location for active shooter incidents to occur, behind commerce settings.,

"Active shooter" is a law enforcement term describing a shooting in progress. The FBI defines an active shooter as "one or more individuals actively engaged in killing or attempting to kill people in a populated area." Because the situation is active, law enforcement and citizens involved in the incident have the potential to affect the outcome. This definition is narrower than the definition of "school shootings" used by the SSSC; for instance, gang violence, drug violence, and accidental weapons discharges are not included. The FBI's active shooter resources include shootings that were documented as occurring in educational environments at both the elementary/secondary and the postsecondary level.

Figure 3. Number of active shooter incidents, by level of institution: 2000 through 2021

From 2000 to 2021, there were a total of 46 active shooter incidents at elementary and secondary schools and a total of 18 active shooter incidents at postsecondary institutions. [Time series ]

The annual number of active shooter incidents at elementary and secondary schools per year ranged from 0 to 6 during this time span. There were 2 active shooter incidents documented at elementary and secondary schools in 2021. From 2000 to 2021, there were

5 years in which 0 active shooter incidents were documented;

8 years in which 1-2 active shooter incidents were documented;

7 years in which 3-4 active shooter incidents were documented, and

2 years in which 5-6 active shooter incidents were documented.

At postsecondary institutions, the annual number of active shooter incidents per year ranged from 0 to 2 from 2000 to 2021. There were 0 active shooter incidents documented at postsecondary institutions in 2021. Throughout the period, there were

10 years during this time span in which 0 active shooter incidents were documented, and

12 years in which 1-2 active shooter incidents were documented.

[Time series ]

Figure 4. Number of casualties in active shooter incidents, by level of institution: 2000 through 2021

From 2000 to 2021, there were a total of 276 casualties (108 killed and 168 wounded) in active shooter incidents at elementary and secondary schools and a total of 157 casualties (75 killed and 82 wounded) in active shooter incidents at postsecondary institutions. At the elementary and secondary level, the number of casualties as a result of active shooter incidents per year ranged from 0 to 81 over this time period The year with the most casualties (81) was 2018, which had more than twice as many casualties as the next highest year, 2012, when there were 36 casualties. There were 14 casualties from active shooter incidents in elementary and secondary schools in 2021. [Time series ]

The number of casualties per year at the postsecondary level ranged from 0 to 49 over this time period. The year with the most casualties was 2007, which had more than twice as many casualties as the next highest year, 2008, when there were 23 casualties. There were 0 casualties from active shooter incidents in postsecondary institutions in 2021. [Time series ]

The number of wounded and the number killed during active shooter incidents showed no consistent trend over the period at the elementary and secondary level or at the postsecondary level. At both levels, in years with casualties, there are more years where the number wounded was higher than the number killed. [Time series ]

Figure 5. Number of active shooters, by gender, age, and level of institution where an incident was documented: 2000 through 2021

From 2000 to 2021, nearly all active shooters (95 percent) in education settings were male. Specifically,

46 of 47 active shooters at elementary and secondary schools were male; and

17 of 19 active shooters at postsecondary institutions were male.

[Time series ] [Sex or gender]
From 2000 to 2021, a majority of active shooters in elementary and secondary schools were 12 to 18 years old, while a majority of active shooters at postsecondary institutions were 25 years old and above. Specifically, of the 47 active shooters at elementary and secondary schools, 34 of the shooters were 12 to 18 years old, 5 were 19 to 24 years old, and 8 were 25 years old and above. At the postsecondary level, 2 shooters were 12 to 18 years old, 6 were 19 to 24 years old, and 11 were 25 years old and above. [Time series ] [Age group]

Supplemental Information

Suggested Citation

National Center for Education Statistics. (2023). Violent Deaths at School and Away From School, School Shootings, and Active Shooter Incidents. Condition of Education. U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences. Retrieved [date], from https://nces.ed.gov/programs/coe/indicator/a01.

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school shootings (school shooting safety compendium)

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COE - Violent Deaths at School and Away From School, School Shootings, and Active Shooter Incidents

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Preprimary, Elementary, and Secondary Education This indicator also appears under School Crime and Safety. In 2019-20, there were a total of 25 school-associated violent deaths in the United States, which included 23 homicides and 1 suicide. Of these 25 school-associated violent deaths, 11 homicides and 1 suicide were of school-age youth (ages 5-18).

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-2021:48,830 deaths firearm deaths, a 8% increase from 2020

-Are Eastern states more heavily affected by gun violence?

-Do coastal states (ex: California, Texas, Florida) pose a higher threat to citizens?

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There were a total of 45,222 firearm deaths in the US in 2020, an increase of 14% or 5,155 firearm deaths from 2019.

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Solution 1: Protecting Students and Staff

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Solution 1: Protecting Students and Staff

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-23% of students voted that teachers should be emotionally involved with the student's life

-One response "At least pretend to give a crap about us and where our lives are going instead of, 'Oh hurry up, we need to get through all this work before the end of the year.."

-Intervention, such as reports to other staff or security, or preventing bullying among students

-Listening and Observations in change of behavior of students or their actions

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Two questions asked students what they would do if they heard a student talking about shooting someone at school, and a third, open-ended question asked what they thought teachers and other school staff could do to prevent a school shooting.
If they heard a student talking about shooting someone at school, only about half the students would tell an adult.
Fifty-four percent of the respondents said they would tell an adult, but there were some variations in the likelihood they would report such an incident:

Younger students are more significantly more likely to tell someone than older students.

African-American, Hispanic and other minority students are less likely to tell than white students.

61 percent of those who get mostly A's would tell, compared only 42 percent of those who get mostly D's and F's.

Students with a high quality of life index are more likely to tell an adult than those with a low quality of life index (63 percent cf. 46 percent).

Media usage seems to have somewhat of an impact; 59 percent of those whose media usage is low would tell, but only 51 percent of those whose media usage is high would.

65 percent of those with a low alienation index would report to an adult, compared to only 42 percent of those with a high alienation index.

Those who perceive their schools to be extremely safe or very safe are far more likely to confide in an adult than those who believe their schools are not safe.

* Negligible response

Younger students are most likely to tell a teacher; 87 percent of seventh and eighth graders said they would tell a teacher, compared to 75 percent of 9th and 10th graders and 81 percent of 11th and 12th graders.

African-American students are more likely to tell a teacher than white, Hispanic or minority students.

Rural and suburban students are more likely to confide in a teacher than urban students.

Students who spend the least amount of time using media are more likely to tell a teacher.

Students who have a low alienation index are also more apt (83 percent) to confide in a teacher than those who have a high or medium alienation index.

Students who perceive their schools as being unsafe are less likely to tell a teacher than those who perceive their schools to be extremely or very safe.

When asked, "What do you think teachers and other school staff can do to stop school shootings from happening?" nearly a quarter said teachers need to care more about their students.
Students responded to an open-ended question about how they thought their schools could prevent school violence. The vast majority of responses (85 percent) can be divided among eight major categories. The ninth most popular response (4 percent) was to leave the question blank.

Teacher should care more about the students.

23

There's nothing that can be done to stop school shootings.

13

Teachers should intervene, take a more active role in their students' lives, in the classroom and out.

12

Educate students about the issue of school violence.

11

Don't know how to stop it.

5

Teachers should treat all students equally.

4

The 12 percent of respondents who are most inclined toward violence were twice as likely to say there is nothing that teachers or school staff can do to stop the shootings.
The students whose responses identified them as having a high propensity toward violence (Section 3, page 10) followed a similar pattern of responses, except that they were more than twice as likely (27 percent cf. 13 percent) as the general population to say that nothing can be done.

20 percent of these students responded that teachers should care more, compared to 23 percent of the general population.

12 percent thought teachers should listen to their students.

9 percent called for more security measures.

8 percent suggested that teachers and school staff should intervene if they see problems developing with students.

The 53 students determined to be most dangerous, i.e., they have both means (guns) and an inclination for violence, represent too small a base for their responses to be valid statistically. It is interesting to note, however, that 21 (40 percent) responded that there is nothing schools can do to stop them. Another 15 percent said that teachers should care about them more, and 8 percent felt that teachers should treat everyone equally. The remaining categories had no more than two respondents each from this group of students.

What the students told us about how to stop school violence:

Care
The most popular response (23 percent) was that students wanted their teachers to care about them and become emotionally involved in their lives. They want teachers and staff to support them and be positive role models for them in their treatment of other people. They want teachers to be their friends, advisors and confidants.

Examples of responses:

Nothing
The second most popular response was that there is nothing schools can do to prevent violence (13 percent). Students cite everything from the determination of the potential shooter to fate as the rationale behind their answers.

Examples of responses:

Intervention
Twelve percent of respondents said that they wanted teachers and staff to take a more active part in their lives, and not just in the classroom. They are requesting intervention, whether it takes the form of reporting potential problems to the proper authorities (school officials, police, etc.) or stopping kids from bullying and teasing other students.

If a student said "Teachers should stop bullies" as his or her primary solution to school shootings, then the response was included in the intervention category, but we counted a number of students - 190 (9 percent) - who included putting a halt to bullying as part of their response, although they may have listed something else first.

Examples of responses:

Listen
Many students (12 percent) were very adamant about teachers paying more attention to them. They think that teachers don't have to go to great lengths to find the potential problems - they just need to be more in tune with their classes. Teachers don't need to befriend their students, just be aware of them.

Examples of responses:

Pay attention to kids' behavior and what they say to other kids.

Learn to read the kids reactions to incidences (sic) at school, and observe their overall view of life.

Open their eyes, it's not like it's a thing out of nowhere. It may not be TOTALLY easy or anything, but if they tried they would realize that kids are disturbed, having a bad day, etc...

Listen to what the students are saying. Not just by hearing, but by actions, and written things.

Security
Safety precautions are another popular student suggestion, with 11 percent listing increased security measures as their main concern. Many believed that metal detectors or other checks as students enter the building would help decrease school shootings. Responses ranged in severity from instituting lock downs to simply having an evacuation plan.

Examples of responses:

Be more on the lookout and install safety equipment in classrooms and/or entrances to schools. Police and guards would help too. Make it like a medium security prison.

Install metal detectors in schools and close off some of the entrances that are being used regularly.

Have different drills and just be totally prepared for whatever could happen.

Education
Another suggestion was to address the issue of school violence in schools more openly (5 percent). Students believe that being better informed about gun safety and the consequences of violence (both legally and emotionally) will help prevent school violence.

Examples of responses:

Talk about the shootings that have happened and what happened to the shooters afterward.

Teachers and school staff could organize more speakers to come to the school and inform kids how serious these shootings and the consequences are. I don't think kids my age really know the real consequences of some of their actions.

Teach the kids more about gun control and more about learning to take their tempers out on other things like punching a pillow or something that has nothing to do with hurting another person.

Don't Know
Five percent of the students say they don't know what to do.

Examples of responses:

If I knew I would have told someone.

I really don't know. I wish I did. I also hope that by the time I become a teacher, I will know something to do that may stop school shootings.

I'm not sure what to say because I love my privacy and don't want metal detectors or anything in my school.

Equality
Respondents also felt that all students are not treated equally at school (4%). They cite many different reasons for this treatment, including race, athletic ability, popularity, social cliques, academic performance and socio-economic status. Students believe that if teachers stop favoring one group or another there will be less cause for resentment among students, which translates to fewer instances of violence.

Examples of responses:

Make sure that all of their pupils are equally given attention. I know some teachers that value other students more because they are their 'pets' no matter what I do. I tend to feel frustrated and left out too.

Stop favoring kids who are athletic and smart and pretty, but favor all kids.

Teachers can stop being bias, racist, prejudice and judgmental (sic). They can encourage creativity and differences rather than discouraging them.

Other noteworthy responses

There are kids at my school who I think might shoot someone.

37

I know kids who could bring a gun to school if they wanted to.

61

I have heard another kid talking about shooting somebody at school.

20

I heard about someone who has made a plan to shoot someone at school.

19

In examining the school and community characteristics for those students who appear to come from the more dangerous schools, we looked at geographic location, urban city and students' rating of the crime in their neighborhood, comparing the estimated marginal means of their responses.

Based on those comparisons, we found:

Schools in neighborhoods students perceive as unsafe probably are.

Schools in small towns/rural areas were generally rated as more dangerous by their students than were urban and suburban schools. Urban schools were rated more dangerous than suburban schools.

There are differences in ratings of school safety by region of the country, but those ratings also interacted with the urban city of the school.

For students who live in the East, suburban schools were rated as less dangerous than rural and urban schools.

For students who live in the South, the urban city of the school made little difference, although rural schools were rated more dangerous than suburban schools, and urban schools were considered the least dangerous.

For students in the Midwest, rural and urban schools were rated as more dangerous than suburban schools.

For students in the West, rural schools were rated as more dangerous than urban or suburban schools.

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Can We Prevent School Shootings? | Alfred University

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Fifty-four percent of the respondents said they would tell an adult, but there were some variations in the likelihood they would report such an incident.

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-Local government programs such as GVRO programs, gun buyback events, and gang interventions & Prevention

-Non-Profit Organizations: Brady: United Against Gun Violence, Giffords Law Center To Prevent Gun Violence, and Mayors Against Illegal Guns

-Community-Based Organizations and Programs: Turning guns into art, ceasefire programs, and peacemaker progrmas

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State of California - Department of Justice - Office of the Attorney General

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State and Local Organization and Program Resources Prosecution of firearms-related crime is not the only way to reduce gun violence. A public health approach to reducing gun violence encourages state, local and community-based organizations to adopt methods of stopping violence before it occurs and reducing the emotional and physical damage caused by firearms. This approach takes a variety of forms, from interventions to prevent retaliation after a gang-related shooting to removing firearms from individuals determined to be a danger to themselves or others. In any form, this is a data-drive

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Solution 3: Laws like California and New Jersey

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Solution 3: Laws like California and New Jersey

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-California has a 10 day waiting period after a purchase and a background check

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Introduction

Guns, and the laws that govern them, are central to the foundation of the United States. Foundational documents like the Second Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, reference people's right to own and bear arms. Generally, these gun laws relate to the regulation of gun manufacture, trade, transfer, possession, transport, record keeping, and more. They come in many variations from the laws that enable people to openly carry guns in public in full view of everyone, to other laws that limit who can have access to a firearm, usually those who fail to pass a background check.

Gun laws vary from state to state. In some U.S. states, there is virtually no gun regulation at all, like Montana and Alaska. On the other hand, some states have stricter gun legislation. Some of these states which have the strictest gun laws tend to be those which are most populous and have a larger urban community, those who are residing in cities compared to those in rural areas. Take California for example, which has the strictest gun laws in the United States and has the seventh lowest rate of death by gun violence despite being the most populous state. Other states with some of the strictest gun laws include New York, New Jersey, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, Hawaii, and Connecticut.

States With Strictest Gun Laws

The states with the strictest gun laws are California, New Jersey, Connecticut, Hawaii, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, and New York. This ranking is based on the Giffords gun law scorecard who ranks and gives letter grades to states based on their gun laws and policies, with A being the strictest gun laws, and F being the weakest gun laws. California has the strictest gun laws in the country, scoring A on the Giffords gun law scorecard. New Jersey is another state that has the strictest gun laws in the U.S., receiving A on the gun law scorecard. Connecticut, Hawaii, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, and New York have also some of the strictest gun laws in the country, scoring A on the Giffords gun law scorecard.

States With the Strictest Gun Laws

1. California - A
2. New Jersey - A
3. Connecticut - A-
4. Hawaii - A-
5. Illinois - A-
6. Maryland - A-
7. Massachusetts - A-
8. New York - A-

State With Strictest Gun Laws

California and New Jersey are the states that have the strictest gun laws in the nation, scoring both A on the Giffords gun law scorecard. California requires a 10-day waiting period for all gun purchases, as well as a thorough background check for all gun purchasers. This includes criminal background checks, mental health checks, and purchasing permits that must be renewed every 5 years. California has also banned certain types of firearms such as assault rifles, which provide greater accuracy and more rapid firepower than conventional hunting guns. New Jersey is similarly strict when it comes to gun laws. All handguns must be registered with the State Police and buyers must pass an approved firearms safety course before they can purchase one. Handgun magazines are limited to 15 rounds or less. Moreover, New Jersey requires firearms dealers to keep detailed transaction records including customer information and license plate numbers of cars used to transport guns from the dealer's store; this helps law enforcement track illegal activity or trace back firearms used in crimes. Their strict gun laws are designed to ensure public safety while still allowing citizens their right to bear arms under controlled circumstances.

Gun Law Grade by State

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States With Strictest Gun Laws 2023 - Wisevoter

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Guns, and the laws that govern them, are central to the foundation of the United States. Foundational documents like the Second Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, reference people's right to own and bear arms. Generally, these gun laws relate to the regulation of gun manufacture, trade, transfer, possession, transport, record keeping, and more.