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Imagine from Google:

https://x.com/heimbergecon/status/1640209775056019456

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Image from Google

https://www.clearvuehealth.com/b/social-media-depression/

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Image from Google

https://digmedia.lucdh.nl/2021/12/12/does-social-media-affect-my-mental-health/

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Image from Google

https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Effects-of-social-media-on-mental-health_fig3_375974324

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Image from Google:

https://www.sandstonecare.com/blog/social-media-addiction/

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From Mitch Prinstein, chief science officer of the American Psychological Association [APA], the largest professional group in the United States for psychologists: "Depression rates for teens doubled between 2009 and 2019 and suicide is the second leading cause of death for U.S. youth, up 4% since 2020, with one in five teens considering suicide during the pandemic and eating disorder emergency room admissions for girls 12 to 17 years old doubling since 2019" People get so indulged in wanting likes and views and followers that it consumes them at a certain point. "Adolescents frequently are exposed to content online depicting illegal, immoral, dangerous, and unethical behavior." I plan to use this at statistics and the effects of using social media.

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There are about 95% of 13-17 year olds who use a social media platform now. Of those about 1/3 of them use social media constantly. There are about 40% of 8-12 year olds who use social media. People ages 10-19 go through the most rain development i areas such as the amygdala (important for emotional learning and behavior) and the prefrontal cortex (important for impulse control, emotional regulation, and moderating social behavior). A study done showed that people aged 12-15 who spend more than 3 hours a day on social media have a double chance of mental health issues. People have said to feel better when they started spending less time on it and/or got help. I plan to use this for statistics and defining extra words.

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A paper done y the University College London found that long amounts of time spent online could have negative effects on sleeping, self-esteem and body image, and expose young people to online bullying. 40% of girls and 25% of boys experience online bullying. I plan to use this as statistics.

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Almost 1 in 4 of 8-11 year olds and 3 in 4 of 12-15 year olds have a social media. profile. A problem some of these social media apps create is the ability to use filters to alter how someone looks. This will have an effect on someone's self-esteem and body image. Young kids are suffering from having to feel like always getting likes and being "perfect" just like celebrities. Young kids need to be guided through social media as it can have big effects. Dr Tijion Esho: "young people wanting surgery to look more like the Snapchat filters, Snapchat dysmorphia." Can help y talking to young kids about the dangers of social media and remind them that a lot of the things are edited. "Tom of YoungMinds says it is important that parents and professionals working with children and young people 'have conversations with them from a young age about the internet, helping them understand that social media shows the curated highlights, not someone's everyday life, and encouraging a healthy relationship with the online world'." "Psychotherapist Sara (Rourke) agrees: 'Remind the children on a regular basis that social media is usually edited and not a representation of real life. Social feeds are the edited highlights of life, and we all face ups and downs.' I plan to use this as statistics and the effects social media have on people.

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Jack Hughes, a WVU graduate student found that there are actually sometimes when social media is actually good. Lonely males who spent more time on social media had less depression, less anxiety, and more self-esteem, however that wasn't the case for females. Females use social media more for relationships and picture posting-related things, while males use it more for sports and hobby related things.

Some notable quotes: " "The number one thing that anyone can do to lessen the negative effects of social media is to stop caring so much about validation from strangers." from Jack Hughes.

""I don't really follow too many negative social media pages because I don't time for extra stress," Alyssa Fraser, an undergraduate student at WVU.

I plan to use this to tell the effects of social media.

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Social media has shown that it has been useful in times of health and emergencies. It being able to reach a lot of people in a short amount of time both globally and locally. Informing people about anything they should know regarding to diseases and illnesses but also to let people that they are not alone. However, there are also downsides. Some of them being the "spread" of problems relating to drugs and alcohol as people show it might not be bad but rather good. It can also create social anxiety. This will be to show how social media can be both good and bad.

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These are some of the notable statistics I wanted to write down: From 2009- 2019 there was an increase in adolescent depression from 8.1%-15.8% and suicide rate of ages 10-24 went up from 6.7% to 10.7% and during which a time where social media became more popular. A study was done where Facebook was shown to college students and from 2004 to 2006 there was a 9% rise in depression and a 12% rise in anxiety. "One common complaint, despite the apps’ diverse formats, is that heavily edited photos and videos glorify unrealistic body shapes and sizes. Another is

that people’s tendency to post their life highlights makes normal life feel drab by comparison. Content might expose vulnerable people to ideas of self-harm that hadn’t occurred to them. More broadly, social media apps allow adolescents to see what other people are saying about them in a way that was harder for bullies to pull off when teen communication was offline. If popularity is quantified via followers and likes, people with fewer followers

and likes will feel less popular." However, social media has different effects on people some might use it a lot and not be affected while some might use it even a little and greatly impacted. A research done by Pew in 2022 concluded that 95% of teens watched Youtube and of those 77% it was daily, about half of teens use Snapchat and Instagram daily as well and little over half use Tik Tok daily. This can obviously have a big impact as teens are using all their free time online. The big screen times can also be related to parents as they might be busy themselves or just not paying attention at all. Social media can be good in moderation. This will be used for evidence.

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Sign in to EBSCO Research Services to gain access to your library or organization's subscription of EBSCOhost Databases, Discovery Service and Explora.

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While it is still not clear whether social media and mental illness are related, there are some clear points. It can create anxiety, depression, and the urge of having to feel like you have to keep checking social media. Emotional intelligence is measured in 2 different ways: "As an ability EI (AEI), indexing maximal emotional knowledge and skill in per-ceiving, using, understanding and managing emotion, or a trait (TEI), capturing self-perceptions of emotional compe-tencies." This will be for more of the technical terms.

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Sign in to EBSCO Research Services to gain access to your library or organization’s subscription of EBSCOhost Databases, Discovery Service and Explora.

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The biggest things that are affected are self-esteem, body image, sleep, and certain behaviors. People only post the perfect things online and when someone sees that their life isn't like that they start to compare themselves. The constant scrolling in addition to stress and anxiety disrupts sleeping patterns which can lead to health problems. The "fear of missing out" feeling is a big thing as well withdrawal feelings we have after not checking our phones for even a couple of minutes. It can not only affect our mental health but also our everyday activities. However, there are also positive effects as people feel more connected than ever and have fast access to certain information. Planning on using this as sort of basic information.

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In a plain sense, social media is how we interact with people and where we get news from. Because of the endless amount of feed, we can endlessly scroll without realizing it. This is for background information.

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1 What is social media? from How the World Changed Social Media on JSTOR

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What is social media?, How the World Changed Social Media, pp. 1-8