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France

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Achyuth Madhuvan

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Bonjour,  mon ami! Let me take you on a tour of France! France is a beautiful country with fine food, high income tax, fine wines, high income tax, beautiful cities, high income tax, and cheese.
France is located geographically at 46.2276° N, 2.2137° E, and borders Spain, Germany, Switzerland, Andorra, Italy, and is under the United Kingdom. The capital of france is Paris

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As a proud French rat, I am happy to report that France is one of the countries in the stage 4 of the demographic transition model. Some pull factors for France are it's beautiful cities, abundant jobs, like a chef, and not to forget, Cheese! Some things that I necessarily, do not like about France are the high income tax, the cheese costs too much, and also the high income tax. Additionally, another thing that makes people move away from France is the income tax and the income tax. Seriously, how am I supposed to run a restaurant!

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Containing the city of love, great food, and beautiful films, My country has a lot and I mean a lot of culture. Fancy clothes and food are veryyy important in my culture. In fact, the Chamber of commerce for paris has a special set of guidelines for a store to declare itself fancy.(haute/couture)
The most common language in france is obviously french, but there are also some smaller languages spoken in regions on the outside, such as
A few prevalent culture groups found in France are the French, Arabic, and Basque cultures. The Arabic originally migrated to france escaping rising tensions in the Middle East, and now make a prominent minority in France.

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France has a pretty simple shape compared to most countries in It's continent, Europe, and one of the coolest in my opinion about France's shape is that is a compact state. Compact states (or at least people think) are good because you'll be able to defend your country from all sides. France has had a large history of colonizing countries (like those English people with the funny hats) and they found great success in doing so. After colonization, France fought many wars, but hands down the most important war that the French fought was the French Revolutionary War. Unlike other European wars that were fought over resources, the Revolutionary war was fought over political ideas. The borders of france have stayed basically the same throughout history. One current conflict in france  is rising unemployment, so I may have fired a few too many workers after they messed up a meal. Finally, the economic system of france is one that is socialist, which gives the people many benefits of the government, but also means I can run a business!(and chase the cheese) (please remove the income tax)

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France is very famous for its food, (cough cough, my restaurant) and therefore, needs a robust agricultural industry to support it. Many of the farms, however, are extremely modernized and optimized to produce, and Agriculture makes up a very small sector of the workforce. France has a very diverse agricultural industry, producing large amounts of wheat, barley, corn, grain, potatoes. sugar beet, beef, pork, raw milk, and cheese. Most importantly, France is a grape producing Titan and the world's largest producer of wine. Some  popular foods eaten in France are Wine, Cheese, Baguettes, Soupe a l'oignon, and coq a vin. The climate of france is in the temperate region, which means that the weather is neither extremely hot nor cold. It is also the same climate as America(they need more cheese).

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France - Agriculture, forestry, and fishing

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"France." Britannica School, Encyclopædia Britannica, 3 Jan. 2022. school.eb.com/levels/high/article/France/110436. Accessed 14 May. 2022.

Jeudy, Lucie. “France: Most Important Environmental Issues 2018.” Statista, 20 Dec. 2021, https://www.statista.com/statistics/866905/france-most-important-environmental-issues/#:~:text=According to the source, climate,on public opinion in France.

The Local. “How Gender Inequality Remains High in French Workplaces.” The Local France, The Local, 10 Mar. 2021, https://www.thelocal.fr/20210310/gender-inequality-remains-high-in-french-businesses-new-report/.

The Local. “Paris Is One of the World's Most Walkable Cities, Survey Shows.” The Local France, The Local, 15 Oct. 2020, https://www.thelocal.fr/20201015/paris-is-one-of-the-worlds-most-walkable-cities-survey-shows/.

UNDP. “Human Development Reports.” | Human Development Reports, https://hdr.undp.org/en/countries/profiles/FRA.

“What Are the Major Industries in France?” Reference, IAC Publishing, https://www.reference.com/geography/major-industries-france-31a46dfe7e0df999.

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France's extensive land area-of which more than half is arable or pastoral land and another quarter is wooded-presents broad opportunities for agriculture and forestry. The country's varied relief and soils and contrasting climatic zones further enhance this potential. Rainfall is plentiful throughout most of France, so water supply is not generally a problem. An ample fish supply in the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea provides an additional resource.

Agriculture employs relatively few people-about 3 percent of the labour force-and makes only a small contribution to GDP-about 2 percent. Yet France is the EU's leading agricultural nation, accounting for more than one-fifth of the total value of output, and alone is responsible for more than one-third of the EU's production of oilseeds, cereals, and wine. France also is a major world exporter of agricultural commodities, and approximately one-eighth of the total value of the country's visible exports is related to agriculture and associated food and drink products.

France has a usable agricultural area of nearly 74 million acres (30 million hectares), more than three-fifths of which is used for arable farming (requiring plowing or tillage), followed by permanent grassland (about one-third) and permanent crops such as vines and orchards (about one-twentieth). Areas in which arable farming is dominant lie mostly in the northern and western regions of the country, centred on the Paris Basin. Permanent grassland is common in upland and mountainous areas such as the Massif Central, the Alps, and the Vosges, although it is also a notable feature of the western région of Normandy. Conversely, the major areas devoted to permanent cultivation lie in Mediterranean regions.

Grains

More than half of the country's arable land is used for cereals, which together provide about one-sixth of the total value of agricultural output. Wheat and corn (maize) are the main grains, with other cereals, such as barley and oats, becoming progressively less important. There are few areas of the country where cereals are not grown, although the bulk of production originates in the Paris Basin and southwestern France, where both natural conditions and (in the former case) proximity to markets favour such activity. A considerable area (about one-seventh of the agricultural area), predominantly in western France, is also given over to forage crops, although the acreage has been shrinking since the early 1980s as dairy herds have been reduced in accordance with EU guidelines. In contrast, there has been a substantial increase in oilseed output; the area under cultivation has quadrupled since the early 1980s and now approaches one-tenth of agricultural land.

© 7Horses/Shutterstock.com

Fruits and wine making

Vines, fruits, and vegetables cover only a limited area but represent more than one-fourth of the total value of agricultural output. France is probably more famous for its wines than any other country in the world. Viticulture and wine making are concentrated principally in Languedoc-Roussillon and in the Bordeaux area, but production also occurs in Provence, Alsace, the Rhône and Loire valleys, Poitou-Charentes, and the Champagne region. There has been a marked fall in the production of vin ordinaire, a trend related to EU policy, which favours an increase in the output of quality wines. Fruit production (mainly of apples, pears, and peaches) is largely concentrated in the Rhône and Garonne valleys and in the Mediterranean region. Vegetables are also grown in the lower Rhône and Mediterranean areas, but a large part of output comes from western France (Brittany) and the southwest and the northern région of Hauts-de-France, where sugar beets and potatoes are produced.

France: wine regions Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.

Cattle raising occurs in most areas of the country (except in Mediterranean regions), especially in the more humid regions of western France. Animal-related production accounts for more than one-third of the total value of agricultural output. In general, herds remain small, although concentration into larger units is increasing. Overall, however, the number of cattle has been falling since the early 1980s, largely as a result of EU milk quotas. These have adversely affected major production areas such as Auvergne, Brittany, Basse-Normandie, Pays de la Loire, Rhône-Alpes, Lorraine, Nord-Pas-de-Calais, and Franche-Comté. One result has been an increasing orientation toward beef rather than dairy breeds, notably in the area of the Massif Central. The raising of pigs and poultry, frequently by intensive methods, makes up more than one-tenth of the value of agricultural output. Production is concentrated in the régions of Brittany and Pays de la Loire, encouraged originally by the availability of by-products from the dairy industry for use as feed. Sheep raising is less important. Flocks graze principally in southern France on the western and southern fringes of the Massif Central, in the western Pyrenees, and in the southern Alps.

Agriculture has changed in other ways. Farm structures have been modified substantially, and the number of holdings have been greatly reduced since 1955, numerous small farms disappearing. By the late 1990s there were fewer than 700,000 holdings, compared with more than 2,000,000 in the mid-1950s and more than 1,000,000 in the late 1980s. The average size of farms has risen considerably, to close to 100 acres (40 hectares). Large holdings are located primarily in the cereal-producing regions of the Paris Basin, while small holdings are most common in Mediterranean regions, the lower Rhône valley, Alsace, and Brittany. Important technical changes have also occurred, ranging from the increased use of intermediate products such as fertilizers and pesticides to the widespread use of irrigation (nearly one-tenth of agricultural land is now irrigated) and the growth of crops within controlled environments, such as under glass or plastic canopies. Marketing systems have also been modified, as an increasing proportion of output is grown under contract. Together such changes have led to a remarkable increase in output of major agricultural products, but they have also resulted in a large reduction in the number of agricultural workers and the increased indebtedness of many farmers, and the related negative effects on the environment have given rise to the organic farming movement.

With more than 57,000 square miles (148,000 square km) of woodland, France possesses one of the largest afforested areas in western Europe, offering direct employment to more than 80,000 people. Forested areas are unevenly distributed, with the majority lying to the east of a line from Bordeaux to the Luxembourg border. Aquitaine and Franche-Comté have a particularly dense forest cover. This vast resource is, however, generally underexploited, partly because of the multitude of private owners, many of whom are uninterested in the commercial management of their estates. Less than one-fourth of the afforested area is controlled by the National Office of Forests.

Despite the extent of France's coastlines and its numerous ports, the French fishing industry remains relatively small. Annual catches have averaged about 700,000 tons since the mid-1970s, and by the 21st century there were fewer than 16,500 fishermen. The industry's problems are related to its fragmented character and to inadequate modernization of boats and port facilities, as well as to overfishing and pollution. Activity is now concentrated in the port of Boulogne in Nord-Pas-de-Calais and to a lesser degree in ports in Brittany such as Concarneau, Lorient, and Le Guilvinic. France is also known for its aquaculture, with activity increasing over recent years along the coastal waters of western France. Oyster beds are found particularly in the southwest, centred on Marennes-Oléron.

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France - Agriculture, forestry, and fishing

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France - France - Agriculture, forestry, and fishing: France's extensive land area-of which more than half is arable or pastoral land and another quarter is wooded-presents broad opportunities for agriculture and forestry. The country's varied relief and soils and contrasting climatic zones further enhance this potential.

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One of the most influential cities in the world, Paris has a population of 2.161 million. Despite being well known for my amazing restaurant (you should try it!), Paris is a large beacon for art and culture, due to the presence of it's famous museum, the Louvre, which contains priceless pieces of art, such as the Mona Lisa by Leonardo Da Vinci. Today, there are a few supranational organizations in France, the most notable being UNESCO, representative of  France's history as a beacon of Culture. An example of a multinationsl corporation that is headquartered in France is L'Oreal, a beauty and skincare company. Sustainability-wise, France is an extremely walkable city, with plenty of access to car free areas. However one sustainability problem in Paris is the Seine river(Pronounced sehn, not sign). The Seine river, which Paris was built upon is extremely polluted. And despite slightly successful attempts in recent years to attempt to clean the river, the river is only slightly less polluted and is still illegal to swim in.

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Due to it's extremely high development, France has minimal gender inequality, however women still earn 9% less money. ( I still pay them equally though!) In recent years, France has cracked down in inequality in the workplace, and has fined companies for unequal pay. France also scores a .9011 on the HDI, ranking around 26th of countries measured. This indicates very high human development. A few major industries in France include automobiles, chemicals, aircraft production, and metallurgy. All of these industries are very highly developed and take up 1/4th of France's workers. That means I still get a lot of restaurant employees though! My restaurant still smells bad though. In fact, 35% of french believe that air pollution is a huge problem is france. France seeks to solve this through the Paris Accords, or Paris Climate Agreement, which were the climate agreements signed at COP21. Due to it's influence on the economies of a variety of countries, as well as being the second strongest economy in the Eurozone, France is considered a "core" country on the dependency model.

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It has been a good journey, Mon ami, but alas, you must go again. Before you go, let me give you some reasons to come to France for vacation. The biggest reason must obviously be the food! The food of France is excellent, and you can choose between crunchy baguettes, cheeses so soft they melt in your mouth, and souffle that will make your mouth water! And of course, we cannot forget the stunning and peaceful countryside, and in the south of France we have Beaches galore for all of those in need of a tropical treat, or to warm your feet.  However, do watch out for robbers stealing from tourists, as well as the occasional bombers. Other than that, France is a great place!