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Mitosis is a way of making more cells that are genetically the same as the parent cell. It plays an important part in the development of embryos, and it is important for the growth and development of our bodies as well. Mitosis produces new cells, and replaces cells that are old, lost or damaged.

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Cancer occurs when a cell’s cycle becomes out of control. The result is a mass of abnormal cells referred to as a tumour.

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- Ariana Romero, Sofia Ywama & Lucrecia Hernández

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Both processes result in two separate daughter cells that have genetically identical nuclei.

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In plant cells have a relatively firm cell wall and they form a cell plate. The cell plate occurs midway between the two poles of the cell and moves outwards towards the sides of the cell from a central region.

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Once nuclear division has occurred, the cell undergoes cytokinesis. In animal cells it involves an inward pinching of the fluid plasma membrane to form cleavage furrows.

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MITOSIS, CYTOKINESIS, AND THE CELL CYCLE

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Mitosis: The Amazing Cell Process that Uses Division to Multiply! (Updated)

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1 The chromosomes are at each pole.
2 A nuclear membrane (envelope) begins to re-form around each set of chromosomes.
3 The chromosomes start to elongate to form chromatin.
4 Nucleoli reappear.
5 The spindle apparatus disappears.
6 The cell is elongated and ready for cytokinesis

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1 This is usually the shortest phase of mitosis. It begins when the two sister chromatids of each chromosome are split.
2 These chromatids, now chromosomes, move towards the opposite poles of the cell.
3 The chromatid movement arises as a result of the shortening of the microtubules of the spindle.
4 Because the centromeres are attached to the microtubules, they move towards the poles first.
5 At the end of this phase, each pole of the cell has a complete, identical set of chromosomes.

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1. The chromosomes move to the middle or equator of the cell. This is referred to as the metaphase plate.
2 The chromosomes and centromeres lie on the plate.
3 The movement of chromosomes arises as the result of the action of the spindle, which is made of microtubules.
4 The centromes are now at the oposite poles

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1. The chromatin fibres become more tightly coiled to form chromosomes.
2 The nuclear envelope disintegrates and nucleoli disappear.
3 The mitotic spindle begins to form and is complete at the end of prophase.
4 The centromere of each chromosome has a region called the kinetochore that attaches to the spindle.
5 The centrosomes move towards the opposite poles of the cell as a result of lengthening microtubules.

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Cytokinesis is the physical process of cell division, which divides the cytoplasm of a parental cell into two daughter cells.

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During anaphase, each pair of chromosomes is separated into two identical, independent chromosomes. The chromosomes are separated by a structure called the mitotic spindle.

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During metaphase, the kinetochore microtubules pull the sister chromatids back and forth until they align along the midle line of the cell, called the equatorial plane. There is an important point in the middle of mitosis, called the metaphase checkpoint, where the cell ensures that it is ready to divide.

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During telophase, the chromosomes begin to decondense, the spindle breaks down, and the nuclear membranes and nucleoli reform.

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Telophase is the fifth and final phase of mitosis, the process that separates the duplicated genetic material carried in the nucleus of a parent cell into two daughter cells

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Is the stage of mitosis after the process of metaphase, when the replicated chromosomes are split and the newly-copied chromosomes (daughter chromatids) are moved to opposite poles of the cell.

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It is recognized by the condensing of chromosomes and separation of the centrioles in the centrosome.

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Is a stage of mitosis in the eukaryotic cell cycle in which chromosomes are at their second-most condensed and coiled stage

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Prophase is the starting stage of cell division in eukaryotes.